REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT
1
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING
IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT
(Image 1)
Degree: MA design management
Word count: 2880
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents 2
1. Annotated Bibliography 3
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Mind map 1 5
1.3Thinking process 6
2. Literature Review 9
2.1 Direction 9
2.2 Overview of the research topic 12
2.3 Infographic 2 14
3. Reflective Commentary 15
3.1 Research gap 15
3.2 Planning 16
4. References 17
5. Appendices 22
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT
3
1.Annotated bibliography
1.1 introduction
Packaging is one of the important part in design management. Packaging can
attract consumers' attention and stimulate consumption, and packaging play
an important role in marketing. (Shen,2016) Packaging design not only affect
people’s choices, but also is an excellent way to establish a brand
image. Packaging design has gradually become the link and bridge
between enterprises and consumers to establish cognitive brand
awareness. Packaging is an excellent way to convey information and
generalize brand in today’s gradually competitive marketing, especially in
the launch of new brands, reposition or extend the brand, when change the
product or distinguish product, using graphic will provide a strategy
approach to differentiation. (Garber et al. cited in Vergura and Luceri,
page218, 2000) Different products have different packaging needs, for
example, preservation is the main feature of packaging for food, however, a
attractive packaging effect the sales. The primary purpose of packaging is to
protect the product, with the customer awareness growth and the long-term
development of the consumer's social structure, packaging is not only
expected to protect product features, but also increase sales.(Yang, 2018)
For cosmetic, limited packaging maybe is a way to attract consumer. At the
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JCM-12-2016-2021
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JCM-12-2016-2021
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT
4
same time, different people have different preferences for packaging, such as
different ages or different gender. Packaging affects the market of products in
varying degr ...
This document discusses a study on the effect of product packaging on consumer buying decisions. The study found that color of packaging is the most important feature influencing purchases, followed by images or pictures on packaging. Product packaging plays a vital role in differentiating brands and influencing consumers at the point of sale, as packaging is often the first thing consumers see when choosing between products. Elements like color, size, images, and language on packaging can attract attention and impact whether consumers select that product. Prior research also found packaging continues promoting the brand over the product's lifetime and can build loyalty.
The impact of creative packaging related to costumers interestNiswatun Chaira
The document discusses the impact of creative packaging on consumer interest in Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. It conducted a survey asking customers questions about different aspects of packaging, including form, material, and typography. The results showed that the biggest influence on boosting consumer interest was the form of packaging, which accounted for 97% of increased interest. Therefore, creative packaging, especially innovative forms, can attract customers and increase their likelihood of purchasing a product over similar options without creative designs.
The Comprehension Modes of Visual Elements: How People Know About the Content...Waqas Tariq
This document describes a study that investigated how people comprehend visual elements on product packaging through focus group interviews. The study had three phases: collecting 90 food package samples using stratified sampling, conducting focus groups to get opinions on how visual elements are comprehended, and analyzing the results. The focus groups identified seven modes of comprehension, with "typography + illustration" being the most effective. Brand name, product name, product image, color association helped comprehension, while attached information, structure, and volume design did not.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the impact of informational package elements on university students' purchase decisions of breakfast cereal products in Masvingo, Zimbabwe. The study found that the brand name, nutritional information about energy and sugar content, and instructions for use were critical determinants of students' purchase decisions. The implications are that marketers should strategically manage these informational elements, as they directly influence consumer interest and shape purchase behavior. A descriptive research design was used, collecting data through questionnaires from a random sample of 100 university students about the influence of brand elements, nutritional information, and food label information on their cereal purchases.
A discourse analysis for capturing Kansei words on design elements of the tea...inventionjournals
The Kansei consumers through words expression have been completed using mostly conventional techniques such as consumer surveys and expert interviews. However, the techniques were not optimal to get the essence of affective expression consumers, such in beverage packaging design. For those requirement, we proposed an objective method to capture consumer perception holistically, supported by computational and traceable formulation. This works proposed a discourse analysis to capture the consumers’ expression through Kansei words. The methods consisted of the mechanism of Key Element Extraction (KEE) and centrality-novelty valuation message, which combined text mining and mapping characteristic tea drink bottle. The results showed discourse analysis effectively extracted keywords interpretation valuation as consumer Kansei words. The products attribute design became the topic trigger since the message contained in the discussion is the flavor that is unique and different, cheap and affordable prices with material and grooves on the bottle. The characteristics of topic trigger messages when the topic of discussion related to the shape of the bottle packaging design is easy to handle, easy to open, simple design, easy to carry. The evaluate to Kansei words showed that consumers preferred products that provided the impression on the eye-catching, seriousness, and ergonomic design type.
This document discusses the impact of packaging and labelling on consumer buying behavior. It begins with an abstract stating that the aim is to study how packaging and labelling influence consumers to purchase products. It then provides background on the purposes of packaging, including protecting products, presenting advertising, and influencing purchase decisions. The rest of the document reviews literature on how packaging is used for marketing communication and sales promotion. Packaging and labelling are important elements that can attract customers, differentiate products, and stimulate impulse buying. The document examines how packaging impacts consumer purchase decisions and discusses the role of packaging in marketing. It aims to empirically identify which packaging elements have the ultimate effect on consumer choices.
The Impact of Packaging Design to Purchase Behavior through Brand Trustinventionjournals
This study was conducted to identify the importance of packaging design in influencing the purchasing behavior at the same time identifying the mediating role of trust in the brand packaging design relationship with purchasing behavior. This study uses a survey approach to data collection and use of data analysis techniques Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modelling (CBSEM). This study was conducted on 100 housewives spread in Sidoarjo, Krian and Surabaya. This study proves that packaging design has positive and significant influence on purchasing behavior and brand trust and prove that trust the brand also has a positive and significant impact on buying behavior.
This document summarizes a research study that examined how limited edition products, consumer culture, and perceived product value influence purchase intention of Magnum Filter's limited edition cigarettes in Indonesia. The study involved a survey of 100 cigarette consumers in Bandung, Indonesia. The results of the study found:
1) Limited edition product packaging and consumer culture significantly influence perceived product value.
2) Limited edition product packaging and perceived product value significantly influence purchase intention, but consumer culture does not significantly influence purchase intention.
3) Perceived product value significantly influences purchase intention.
The study provides insights into factors that drive the success of limited edition products in the tobacco industry in Indonesia.
This document discusses a study on the effect of product packaging on consumer buying decisions. The study found that color of packaging is the most important feature influencing purchases, followed by images or pictures on packaging. Product packaging plays a vital role in differentiating brands and influencing consumers at the point of sale, as packaging is often the first thing consumers see when choosing between products. Elements like color, size, images, and language on packaging can attract attention and impact whether consumers select that product. Prior research also found packaging continues promoting the brand over the product's lifetime and can build loyalty.
The impact of creative packaging related to costumers interestNiswatun Chaira
The document discusses the impact of creative packaging on consumer interest in Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. It conducted a survey asking customers questions about different aspects of packaging, including form, material, and typography. The results showed that the biggest influence on boosting consumer interest was the form of packaging, which accounted for 97% of increased interest. Therefore, creative packaging, especially innovative forms, can attract customers and increase their likelihood of purchasing a product over similar options without creative designs.
The Comprehension Modes of Visual Elements: How People Know About the Content...Waqas Tariq
This document describes a study that investigated how people comprehend visual elements on product packaging through focus group interviews. The study had three phases: collecting 90 food package samples using stratified sampling, conducting focus groups to get opinions on how visual elements are comprehended, and analyzing the results. The focus groups identified seven modes of comprehension, with "typography + illustration" being the most effective. Brand name, product name, product image, color association helped comprehension, while attached information, structure, and volume design did not.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the impact of informational package elements on university students' purchase decisions of breakfast cereal products in Masvingo, Zimbabwe. The study found that the brand name, nutritional information about energy and sugar content, and instructions for use were critical determinants of students' purchase decisions. The implications are that marketers should strategically manage these informational elements, as they directly influence consumer interest and shape purchase behavior. A descriptive research design was used, collecting data through questionnaires from a random sample of 100 university students about the influence of brand elements, nutritional information, and food label information on their cereal purchases.
A discourse analysis for capturing Kansei words on design elements of the tea...inventionjournals
The Kansei consumers through words expression have been completed using mostly conventional techniques such as consumer surveys and expert interviews. However, the techniques were not optimal to get the essence of affective expression consumers, such in beverage packaging design. For those requirement, we proposed an objective method to capture consumer perception holistically, supported by computational and traceable formulation. This works proposed a discourse analysis to capture the consumers’ expression through Kansei words. The methods consisted of the mechanism of Key Element Extraction (KEE) and centrality-novelty valuation message, which combined text mining and mapping characteristic tea drink bottle. The results showed discourse analysis effectively extracted keywords interpretation valuation as consumer Kansei words. The products attribute design became the topic trigger since the message contained in the discussion is the flavor that is unique and different, cheap and affordable prices with material and grooves on the bottle. The characteristics of topic trigger messages when the topic of discussion related to the shape of the bottle packaging design is easy to handle, easy to open, simple design, easy to carry. The evaluate to Kansei words showed that consumers preferred products that provided the impression on the eye-catching, seriousness, and ergonomic design type.
This document discusses the impact of packaging and labelling on consumer buying behavior. It begins with an abstract stating that the aim is to study how packaging and labelling influence consumers to purchase products. It then provides background on the purposes of packaging, including protecting products, presenting advertising, and influencing purchase decisions. The rest of the document reviews literature on how packaging is used for marketing communication and sales promotion. Packaging and labelling are important elements that can attract customers, differentiate products, and stimulate impulse buying. The document examines how packaging impacts consumer purchase decisions and discusses the role of packaging in marketing. It aims to empirically identify which packaging elements have the ultimate effect on consumer choices.
The Impact of Packaging Design to Purchase Behavior through Brand Trustinventionjournals
This study was conducted to identify the importance of packaging design in influencing the purchasing behavior at the same time identifying the mediating role of trust in the brand packaging design relationship with purchasing behavior. This study uses a survey approach to data collection and use of data analysis techniques Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modelling (CBSEM). This study was conducted on 100 housewives spread in Sidoarjo, Krian and Surabaya. This study proves that packaging design has positive and significant influence on purchasing behavior and brand trust and prove that trust the brand also has a positive and significant impact on buying behavior.
This document summarizes a research study that examined how limited edition products, consumer culture, and perceived product value influence purchase intention of Magnum Filter's limited edition cigarettes in Indonesia. The study involved a survey of 100 cigarette consumers in Bandung, Indonesia. The results of the study found:
1) Limited edition product packaging and consumer culture significantly influence perceived product value.
2) Limited edition product packaging and perceived product value significantly influence purchase intention, but consumer culture does not significantly influence purchase intention.
3) Perceived product value significantly influences purchase intention.
The study provides insights into factors that drive the success of limited edition products in the tobacco industry in Indonesia.
Handoo, v tamu 2015, influence of product packaging on consumer preferenceVanshaj Handoo
This is a literature review paper for summarizing the influence of product packaging on consumer preferences in selecting a product. Key attributes of packaging such as color, shape and imagery is discussed and a conclusion based on the literature review is provided along with the scope for future research
This document summarizes a study on the impact of packaging factors on consumer behavior for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) in Hyderabad, India. The study examined how product-related packaging factors like product safety, eco-friendly packaging, and quality packaging influence consumer purchasing behavior. An online survey of 825 respondents was conducted and analyzed using statistical methods. The results showed that packaging factors have a statistically significant impact on consumer elements and purchasing behavior. Specifically, education level and income were found to have a strong correlation with packaging factors, and product safety, eco-friendly, and quality packaging had a strong relationship with consumer purchasing behavior.
Media Innovations and its Impact on Brand awareness & Considerationiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Innovation Trends from Carton Package Design Perspective-henry yu & ying wuSimba Events
1. The document discusses trends in carton package design from Tetra Pak's perspective, including geometry/minimalism, handcrafted culture, and nature-inspired designs.
2. It provides examples of package designs that exemplify these trends, such as a tomato juice package that uses bright colors, handwritten text, and a checked fabric pattern to convey humanity.
3. Additional trends discussed are high-end customization inspired by the night and gems, and Tetra Pak's development of longer-shelf-life, easy-open, recyclable carton packages to meet evolving consumer preferences.
The Brand Management: A Theoretical Contribution In Special Interest Tourisminventionjournals
The main objective of this study is to analyze the brand management approach applied to specific tourism contexts. Thus, in particular, the research proposed aims to present a contribution to the study and management of the brand in a perspective applied to special interest tourism, in particular on physical and psychological brand identity. The brand management is one of the aspects on which many researchers have dedicated attention, as this was something that in addition to facilitate recognition, improving the loyalty and increasing notoriety. It is of course an asset for the company, which will allow products that identify and differentiate them from the competition. Besides the undeniable connection with the component product (marketing mix), the study of the brand requires attention to various kinds of concepts, no less important (e.g. image, notoriety or identity). Recently have been new approaches and new contributions in this regard. In terms of methodology, this theoretical study aims to analyze and understand the key issues associated with the brand in the context of special interest tourism (SIT) companies, products and services. Special Interest Tourism (SIT), both as a product or sector in its own right and as a distinct entity within the overall tourism spectrum, has been largely ignored as an important area of study within the tourism field in general. For this to be the lifting elements and sub products, with a view to analysis and understanding of key issues related to the brand management (case study) in a qualitative approach (i.e. focus group). This theoretical paper presents and systematizes some of these contributions, with application in special interest tourism contexts
This document discusses a research study that examines the impact of brand image and corporate branding on consumer choice through the mediating role of brand equity.
The study develops an integrated conceptual framework to examine how brand image and corporate branding influence brand equity, and how brand equity then impacts consumer choice. It reviews literature on these variables and proposes relationships between them. Specifically, it hypothesizes that corporate branding has a positive impact on brand equity, while the impact of brand image on brand equity is unclear. It also hypothesizes that brand equity positively influences consumer choice.
The study was conducted in Saudi Arabia with 105 smartphone consumers. Path analysis found that corporate branding positively impacts brand equity, while brand image did not influence brand equity.
The Role of Green Marketing and Green Brand Image in Enhancing Purchase Inten...ijtsrd
People are starting to become aware by starting to buy products that do not add to the environmental damage. People also switch to buying products that use basic ingredients that do not damage the environment or in other words environmentally friendly materials. This article will discuss Green Marketing, Green Brand Image, and Green Perceive Value which are topics relevant to the current situation, where changing market trends created by consumers are very influential for the sustainability of the companys operations. Furthermore, this will affect the image of environmentally friendly and also the value obtained in making purchasing decisions. The thing that needs to be considered is how to convince consumers that what they are buying is an environmentally friendly product. Green marketing has several advantages, and because of these advantages, green marketing has good prospects for enhancing brand image as a choice of marketing strategy to enhance a companys brand image. Companies that implement green marketing certainly have some more value than conventional strategies. Lena Ellitan "The Role of Green Marketing and Green Brand Image in Enhancing Purchase Intention" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47599.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/47599/the-role-of-green-marketing-and-green-brand-image-in-enhancing-purchase-intention/lena-ellitan
[Research article] How do colors influence packaging creation?Pauline Vettier
This Marketing research article was my final assignment in Advances in Consumer Psychology.
In a cross-countries and cross-cultures tone, this article discusses the types of packagings, products and services that are influenced by the use of colors. It also discusses how cultures and genders influence the color choice in the packaging creation process.
“Impact of packaging on consumer buying behavior"Bhavik Parmar
This document provides a summary of the history and development of packaging. It discusses ancient packaging methods using natural materials and traces the evolution of packaging through modern developments like tinning, canning, and the use of materials like glass, metal, paper, and plastics. Key developments discussed include the first use of paper for packaging in 1035, tinning and canning processes in the 18th-19th centuries, the invention of corrugated cardboard in 1856, and the rise of plastic packaging following World War 2. The document also provides brief overviews of the history of glass and plastic packaging.
the effect of social responsibility and corporate imageIJAEMSJORNAL
This document summarizes a research study that examined how social responsibility, corporate image, and other factors influence brand equity in the tobacco industry in Tehran. A questionnaire was administered to 384 customers to measure these variables. Structural equation modeling found that different variables significantly impacted brand equity and that customer loyalty was an important mediating factor. The results indicated social responsibility and corporate image can enhance brand equity.
UNDERSTANDING CONSUMER PURCHASING BEHAVIOUR AND CONSUMPTION IN THE ORAL CARE ...TIEZHENG YUAN
The key findings from the secondary research are:
1. Young adults aged 16-24 are most interested in teeth whitening benefits from oral care products.
2. While hygiene benefits like preventing cavities and gum disease are important, consumers increasingly seek cosmetic benefits like whitening teeth.
3. Toothpaste manufacturers offer a variety of products focused on both hygiene and cosmetic benefits like whitening teeth.
Food labels do consumers perceive what semiotics want to conveyAida Md Saad
This document discusses a study that aimed to determine if consumers' expectations and associations with simulated yogurt labels designed with different visual elements (e.g. images, colors, typography) matched the intended messages identified through a semiotic analysis. Researchers conducted a survey of plain yogurt labels from Spain, Uruguay, France and the UK. A team then performed a semiotic analysis of the labels, focusing on non-verbal elements. Based on this, researchers designed 5 simulated yogurt labels with different combinations of visual elements. An online survey was conducted in Spain and Uruguay using these labels to understand the words, descriptions, associations or feelings generated by each label. The results showed that the main messages conveyed by the labels were generally understood in both
Food labels do consumers perceive what semiotics want to conveyAida Md Saad
This document discusses a study that aimed to determine if consumers' expectations and associations with simulated yogurt labels designed with different visual elements (e.g. images, colors, typography) matched the intended messages identified through a semiotic analysis. Researchers conducted a survey of plain yogurt labels from Spain, Uruguay, France and the UK. A team then performed a semiotic analysis of the labels, focusing on non-verbal elements. Based on this, researchers designed 5 simulated yogurt labels combining representative visual elements from the commercial labels. These model labels were then used as stimuli in online consumer surveys in Spain and Uruguay to understand the words, descriptions, associations or feelings generated by each label. The results showed that consumers in both countries generally understood
Studying and Interacting:The Food's New Clothes ——Artem Movsesyan, Partner, NeomSimba Events
This document discusses the importance of packaging design in influencing consumer behavior and perceptions of food brands. It explains that packaging design needs to appeal to both the emotional and rational parts of the brain. Effective design draws on principles like "food appeal" to make products look appetizing and familiar to customers at a glance. Conducting shelf tests is important to ensure the packaging design allows a product to stand out to customers in the short time they browse store shelves. The goal is to create packaging that communicates quality and builds brand identity through visual elements like logo, images, and color in a culturally sensitive way.
This document summarizes an interview study on communication in multidisciplinary design teams. 18 design professionals were interviewed about past projects. Their descriptions identified 3 common communication activities: 1) defining problems with clients, 2) generating ideas internally, and 3) presenting solutions to clients. The descriptions were clustered into 5 models based on communication flow and design approach. The most successful model featured shared leadership, early ideation, and team consensus on recommendations. It represented an innovative, learning-focused approach to well-defined problems.
This document summarizes a research paper that studied consumer attitudes towards cosmetic products in Chitwan, Nepal. The study found that age, occupation, marital status, and education have a positive influence on consumer attitudes towards cosmetics, while income does not. Surveys were conducted with 110 respondents using a 5-point Likert scale, and 100 valid responses were analyzed. Factors like gathering information from others and brand loyalty were found to influence purchasing decisions. The findings can help marketers design effective marketing strategies for the cosmetics industry in Nepal.
This document discusses ingredient branding as a differentiation strategy for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies in India. It provides background on the FMCG market in India and defines ingredient branding. Ingredient branding involves incorporating a branded ingredient into a host product to build brand image and differentiation. The document reviews literature on ingredient branding and analyzes examples of successful ingredient branding strategies in consumer durables. It then examines characteristics of the FMCG market and provides suggestions for implementing ingredient branding for FMCG companies, such as choosing ingredients with unique benefits to create appeal and awareness. The conclusion is that careful planning is needed to maximize the benefits of any ingredient branding strategy.
The document summarizes a research project on the impact of brand image on consumer behavior using Debenhams, a luxury UK brand, as a case study. The research had three objectives: 1) to analyze how brand image influences consumer behavior and decision making regarding Debenhams, 2) to explore consumer behavior related to Debenhams, and 3) to suggest ways to develop Debenhams' brand image. The results found that Debenhams has strong brand familiarity and association that influence consumers. However, not all luxury consumers are familiar with Debenhams, so the brand needs to focus on developing recognition and awareness through marketing activities.
Do Consumers Go by the Cover A Survey of Selected Bakeries in Kolhapurijtsrd
"“Packaging can be theater, it can create a story.†Said once Steve Jobs, legend in the concept of innovative and interactive design. The master who understood the pulse of the modern markets and created a history.Packaging is the first introduction of the product to the consumer. Packaging is also the first identity of the product. Packaging serves multiple purposes for the producer and also for the consumers. It is an important part of the middlemen’s handling comfort and transporters’ essential safety measure. In the competitive environment it is a tool of marketing in general and advertising in particular.A study conducted in selected bakeries of Kolhapur for understanding the Role of Packaging in determining, Consumer Buying Behavior of food products is presented in this paper. It is a general observation that the packaging for the products of frequent purchase are not given due importance by the manufacturer such as the products sold in the bakery. The general perception is that, consumers buy such products on daily basis and hence they are not likely to notice its packaging. The objective of this paper is to find out the effect of the packaging on consumers buying decisions in case of food products sold in bakeries. Is Packaging a factor affecting consumers choice of the food products sold in bakeries Consumers’ purchase decision is a hardly a spontaneous action, there is a series of psychological and behavioral elements affecting it, also the marketing and informational tactics are in the play. The final opportunity to influence consumer’s choice is through packaging. This important aspect is addressed in the paper. Dr. Vishakha Apte | Mr. Monish A. Motwani ""Do Consumers Go by the Cover? A Survey of Selected Bakeries in Kolhapur"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Fostering Innovation, Integration and Inclusion Through Interdisciplinary Practices in Management , March 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23077.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/mis-and-retail-management/23077/do-consumers-go-by-the-cover-a-survey-of-selected-bakeries-in-kolhapur/dr-vishakha-apte"
Purchased Interests to Establish of Batik Products in Manado, North Sulawesiinventionjournals
This study aims to determine any factors that shape consumers to buy batik Manado in Manado and determine the most dominant factor shaping consumer buying interest batik Manado in Manado. To achieve this the selection of respondents were academics in several universities in Manado, the set of 150 samples with sampling using purposive sampling method nonprobability with the criteria that each of the selected respondents are those who never use or wear batik clothes. Because of variable one another inter-dependent, then all variables are interdependent variables. This study using factor analysis, which confirmed consumers to buy batik Manado with the identification of the following factors as Quality Factor, Factor Brand / Brands, Packaging Factor, The Price Factor, Factor availability of goods, factors of Reference, data taken is the primary data. Making procedures and data collection was done by using questionnaires and interviews. Procedures for Factor Analysis: Problem Formulation, Preparation Correlation Matrix, Determination of the number of factors, Interpret Factors, Establishing Appropriate Model, Descriptive Analysis to strengthen Factor Analysis tersebut.Hasil obtained namely: 1. Factor Reference: Variable idol, the famous character, star movies, family and colleagues. 2. Quality factor variables are smooth texture, pattern / motif diverse, not easily tangled and brilliant color. 3. Price factors variables are price consideration, cheap, discount and gifts. Availability: a place within easy reach. 4. Factor Brand with variable consideration before buying, famous brand. 5. Quality factor by a factor does not quickly fade and fade, comfortable. 6. The availability of goods with variable always available at well-known stores. Among the six factors, the most dominant form of buying interest is a factor of Reference. Reference factors thus become the most dominant factor in shaping consumer purchase interest in this study.
Mr. Bush, a 45-year-old middle school teacher arrives at the emergen.docxaudeleypearl
Mr. Bush, a 45-year-old middle school teacher arrives at the emergency department by EMS ground transport after he experienced severe mid-sternal chest pain at work. On arrival to the ED:
a. What priority interventions would you initiate?
b. What information would you require to definitively determine what was causing Mr. Bush’s chest pain?
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Movie Project Presentation Movie TroyInclude Architecture i.docxaudeleypearl
Movie Project Presentation: Movie: Troy
Include: Architecture in the movie. Historical research to figure out if the movie did a good job of representing the art historical past of not. Anything in the movie that are related to art or art history. And provide its outline and bibliography (any website source is acceptable as well)
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The main objective of this study is to analyze the brand management approach applied to specific tourism contexts. Thus, in particular, the research proposed aims to present a contribution to the study and management of the brand in a perspective applied to special interest tourism, in particular on physical and psychological brand identity. The brand management is one of the aspects on which many researchers have dedicated attention, as this was something that in addition to facilitate recognition, improving the loyalty and increasing notoriety. It is of course an asset for the company, which will allow products that identify and differentiate them from the competition. Besides the undeniable connection with the component product (marketing mix), the study of the brand requires attention to various kinds of concepts, no less important (e.g. image, notoriety or identity). Recently have been new approaches and new contributions in this regard. In terms of methodology, this theoretical study aims to analyze and understand the key issues associated with the brand in the context of special interest tourism (SIT) companies, products and services. Special Interest Tourism (SIT), both as a product or sector in its own right and as a distinct entity within the overall tourism spectrum, has been largely ignored as an important area of study within the tourism field in general. For this to be the lifting elements and sub products, with a view to analysis and understanding of key issues related to the brand management (case study) in a qualitative approach (i.e. focus group). This theoretical paper presents and systematizes some of these contributions, with application in special interest tourism contexts
This document discusses a research study that examines the impact of brand image and corporate branding on consumer choice through the mediating role of brand equity.
The study develops an integrated conceptual framework to examine how brand image and corporate branding influence brand equity, and how brand equity then impacts consumer choice. It reviews literature on these variables and proposes relationships between them. Specifically, it hypothesizes that corporate branding has a positive impact on brand equity, while the impact of brand image on brand equity is unclear. It also hypothesizes that brand equity positively influences consumer choice.
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The Role of Green Marketing and Green Brand Image in Enhancing Purchase Inten...ijtsrd
People are starting to become aware by starting to buy products that do not add to the environmental damage. People also switch to buying products that use basic ingredients that do not damage the environment or in other words environmentally friendly materials. This article will discuss Green Marketing, Green Brand Image, and Green Perceive Value which are topics relevant to the current situation, where changing market trends created by consumers are very influential for the sustainability of the companys operations. Furthermore, this will affect the image of environmentally friendly and also the value obtained in making purchasing decisions. The thing that needs to be considered is how to convince consumers that what they are buying is an environmentally friendly product. Green marketing has several advantages, and because of these advantages, green marketing has good prospects for enhancing brand image as a choice of marketing strategy to enhance a companys brand image. Companies that implement green marketing certainly have some more value than conventional strategies. Lena Ellitan "The Role of Green Marketing and Green Brand Image in Enhancing Purchase Intention" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47599.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/47599/the-role-of-green-marketing-and-green-brand-image-in-enhancing-purchase-intention/lena-ellitan
[Research article] How do colors influence packaging creation?Pauline Vettier
This Marketing research article was my final assignment in Advances in Consumer Psychology.
In a cross-countries and cross-cultures tone, this article discusses the types of packagings, products and services that are influenced by the use of colors. It also discusses how cultures and genders influence the color choice in the packaging creation process.
“Impact of packaging on consumer buying behavior"Bhavik Parmar
This document provides a summary of the history and development of packaging. It discusses ancient packaging methods using natural materials and traces the evolution of packaging through modern developments like tinning, canning, and the use of materials like glass, metal, paper, and plastics. Key developments discussed include the first use of paper for packaging in 1035, tinning and canning processes in the 18th-19th centuries, the invention of corrugated cardboard in 1856, and the rise of plastic packaging following World War 2. The document also provides brief overviews of the history of glass and plastic packaging.
the effect of social responsibility and corporate imageIJAEMSJORNAL
This document summarizes a research study that examined how social responsibility, corporate image, and other factors influence brand equity in the tobacco industry in Tehran. A questionnaire was administered to 384 customers to measure these variables. Structural equation modeling found that different variables significantly impacted brand equity and that customer loyalty was an important mediating factor. The results indicated social responsibility and corporate image can enhance brand equity.
UNDERSTANDING CONSUMER PURCHASING BEHAVIOUR AND CONSUMPTION IN THE ORAL CARE ...TIEZHENG YUAN
The key findings from the secondary research are:
1. Young adults aged 16-24 are most interested in teeth whitening benefits from oral care products.
2. While hygiene benefits like preventing cavities and gum disease are important, consumers increasingly seek cosmetic benefits like whitening teeth.
3. Toothpaste manufacturers offer a variety of products focused on both hygiene and cosmetic benefits like whitening teeth.
Food labels do consumers perceive what semiotics want to conveyAida Md Saad
This document discusses a study that aimed to determine if consumers' expectations and associations with simulated yogurt labels designed with different visual elements (e.g. images, colors, typography) matched the intended messages identified through a semiotic analysis. Researchers conducted a survey of plain yogurt labels from Spain, Uruguay, France and the UK. A team then performed a semiotic analysis of the labels, focusing on non-verbal elements. Based on this, researchers designed 5 simulated yogurt labels with different combinations of visual elements. An online survey was conducted in Spain and Uruguay using these labels to understand the words, descriptions, associations or feelings generated by each label. The results showed that the main messages conveyed by the labels were generally understood in both
Food labels do consumers perceive what semiotics want to conveyAida Md Saad
This document discusses a study that aimed to determine if consumers' expectations and associations with simulated yogurt labels designed with different visual elements (e.g. images, colors, typography) matched the intended messages identified through a semiotic analysis. Researchers conducted a survey of plain yogurt labels from Spain, Uruguay, France and the UK. A team then performed a semiotic analysis of the labels, focusing on non-verbal elements. Based on this, researchers designed 5 simulated yogurt labels combining representative visual elements from the commercial labels. These model labels were then used as stimuli in online consumer surveys in Spain and Uruguay to understand the words, descriptions, associations or feelings generated by each label. The results showed that consumers in both countries generally understood
Studying and Interacting:The Food's New Clothes ——Artem Movsesyan, Partner, NeomSimba Events
This document discusses the importance of packaging design in influencing consumer behavior and perceptions of food brands. It explains that packaging design needs to appeal to both the emotional and rational parts of the brain. Effective design draws on principles like "food appeal" to make products look appetizing and familiar to customers at a glance. Conducting shelf tests is important to ensure the packaging design allows a product to stand out to customers in the short time they browse store shelves. The goal is to create packaging that communicates quality and builds brand identity through visual elements like logo, images, and color in a culturally sensitive way.
This document summarizes an interview study on communication in multidisciplinary design teams. 18 design professionals were interviewed about past projects. Their descriptions identified 3 common communication activities: 1) defining problems with clients, 2) generating ideas internally, and 3) presenting solutions to clients. The descriptions were clustered into 5 models based on communication flow and design approach. The most successful model featured shared leadership, early ideation, and team consensus on recommendations. It represented an innovative, learning-focused approach to well-defined problems.
This document summarizes a research paper that studied consumer attitudes towards cosmetic products in Chitwan, Nepal. The study found that age, occupation, marital status, and education have a positive influence on consumer attitudes towards cosmetics, while income does not. Surveys were conducted with 110 respondents using a 5-point Likert scale, and 100 valid responses were analyzed. Factors like gathering information from others and brand loyalty were found to influence purchasing decisions. The findings can help marketers design effective marketing strategies for the cosmetics industry in Nepal.
This document discusses ingredient branding as a differentiation strategy for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies in India. It provides background on the FMCG market in India and defines ingredient branding. Ingredient branding involves incorporating a branded ingredient into a host product to build brand image and differentiation. The document reviews literature on ingredient branding and analyzes examples of successful ingredient branding strategies in consumer durables. It then examines characteristics of the FMCG market and provides suggestions for implementing ingredient branding for FMCG companies, such as choosing ingredients with unique benefits to create appeal and awareness. The conclusion is that careful planning is needed to maximize the benefits of any ingredient branding strategy.
The document summarizes a research project on the impact of brand image on consumer behavior using Debenhams, a luxury UK brand, as a case study. The research had three objectives: 1) to analyze how brand image influences consumer behavior and decision making regarding Debenhams, 2) to explore consumer behavior related to Debenhams, and 3) to suggest ways to develop Debenhams' brand image. The results found that Debenhams has strong brand familiarity and association that influence consumers. However, not all luxury consumers are familiar with Debenhams, so the brand needs to focus on developing recognition and awareness through marketing activities.
Do Consumers Go by the Cover A Survey of Selected Bakeries in Kolhapurijtsrd
"“Packaging can be theater, it can create a story.†Said once Steve Jobs, legend in the concept of innovative and interactive design. The master who understood the pulse of the modern markets and created a history.Packaging is the first introduction of the product to the consumer. Packaging is also the first identity of the product. Packaging serves multiple purposes for the producer and also for the consumers. It is an important part of the middlemen’s handling comfort and transporters’ essential safety measure. In the competitive environment it is a tool of marketing in general and advertising in particular.A study conducted in selected bakeries of Kolhapur for understanding the Role of Packaging in determining, Consumer Buying Behavior of food products is presented in this paper. It is a general observation that the packaging for the products of frequent purchase are not given due importance by the manufacturer such as the products sold in the bakery. The general perception is that, consumers buy such products on daily basis and hence they are not likely to notice its packaging. The objective of this paper is to find out the effect of the packaging on consumers buying decisions in case of food products sold in bakeries. Is Packaging a factor affecting consumers choice of the food products sold in bakeries Consumers’ purchase decision is a hardly a spontaneous action, there is a series of psychological and behavioral elements affecting it, also the marketing and informational tactics are in the play. The final opportunity to influence consumer’s choice is through packaging. This important aspect is addressed in the paper. Dr. Vishakha Apte | Mr. Monish A. Motwani ""Do Consumers Go by the Cover? A Survey of Selected Bakeries in Kolhapur"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Fostering Innovation, Integration and Inclusion Through Interdisciplinary Practices in Management , March 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23077.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/mis-and-retail-management/23077/do-consumers-go-by-the-cover-a-survey-of-selected-bakeries-in-kolhapur/dr-vishakha-apte"
Purchased Interests to Establish of Batik Products in Manado, North Sulawesiinventionjournals
This study aims to determine any factors that shape consumers to buy batik Manado in Manado and determine the most dominant factor shaping consumer buying interest batik Manado in Manado. To achieve this the selection of respondents were academics in several universities in Manado, the set of 150 samples with sampling using purposive sampling method nonprobability with the criteria that each of the selected respondents are those who never use or wear batik clothes. Because of variable one another inter-dependent, then all variables are interdependent variables. This study using factor analysis, which confirmed consumers to buy batik Manado with the identification of the following factors as Quality Factor, Factor Brand / Brands, Packaging Factor, The Price Factor, Factor availability of goods, factors of Reference, data taken is the primary data. Making procedures and data collection was done by using questionnaires and interviews. Procedures for Factor Analysis: Problem Formulation, Preparation Correlation Matrix, Determination of the number of factors, Interpret Factors, Establishing Appropriate Model, Descriptive Analysis to strengthen Factor Analysis tersebut.Hasil obtained namely: 1. Factor Reference: Variable idol, the famous character, star movies, family and colleagues. 2. Quality factor variables are smooth texture, pattern / motif diverse, not easily tangled and brilliant color. 3. Price factors variables are price consideration, cheap, discount and gifts. Availability: a place within easy reach. 4. Factor Brand with variable consideration before buying, famous brand. 5. Quality factor by a factor does not quickly fade and fade, comfortable. 6. The availability of goods with variable always available at well-known stores. Among the six factors, the most dominant form of buying interest is a factor of Reference. Reference factors thus become the most dominant factor in shaping consumer purchase interest in this study.
Similar to REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT 1 .docx (20)
Mr. Bush, a 45-year-old middle school teacher arrives at the emergen.docxaudeleypearl
Mr. Bush, a 45-year-old middle school teacher arrives at the emergency department by EMS ground transport after he experienced severe mid-sternal chest pain at work. On arrival to the ED:
a. What priority interventions would you initiate?
b. What information would you require to definitively determine what was causing Mr. Bush’s chest pain?
.
Movie Project Presentation Movie TroyInclude Architecture i.docxaudeleypearl
Movie Project Presentation: Movie: Troy
Include: Architecture in the movie. Historical research to figure out if the movie did a good job of representing the art historical past of not. Anything in the movie that are related to art or art history. And provide its outline and bibliography (any website source is acceptable as well)
.
Motivation and Retention Discuss the specific strategies you pl.docxaudeleypearl
Motivation and Retention
Discuss the specific strategies you plan to use to motivate individuals from your priority
population to participate in your program and continue working on their behavior change.
You can refer to information you obtained from the Potential Participant Interviews. You
also can search the literature for strategies that have been successfully used in similar
situations; be sure to cite references in APA format.
.
Mother of the Year In recognition of superlative paren.docxaudeleypearl
The document discusses Facebook's decision in 2015 to change the "like" button on the platform. It describes how Chris Cox, Facebook's chief product officer, led discussions about overhauling the button. The like button had become a blunt tool, and Cox wanted to expand the range of emotions that users could express beyond just "liking" something. This would become the "Reactions" feature, allowing responses like love, haha, wow, sad, and angry. The change took over a year to develop and test before being publicly launched.
Mrs. G, a 55 year old Hispanic female, presents to the office for he.docxaudeleypearl
Mrs. G, a 55 year old Hispanic female, presents to the office for her annual exam. She reports that lately she has been very fatigued and just does not seem to have any energy. This has been occurring for 3 months. She is also gaining weight since menopause last year. She joined a gym and forces herself to go twice a week, where she walks on the treadmill at least 30 minutes but she has not lost any weight, in fact she has gained 3 pounds. She doesn’t understand what she is doing wrong. She states that exercise seems to make her even more hungry and thirsty, which is not helping her weight loss. She wants get a complete physical and to discuss why she is so tired and get some weight loss advice. She also states she thinks her bladder has fallen because she has to go to the bathroom more often, recently she is waking up twice a night to urinate and seems to be urinating more frequently during the day. This has been occurring for about 3 months too. This is irritating to her, but she is able to fall immediately back to sleep.
Current medications:
Tylenol 500 mg 2 tabs daily for knee pain. Daily multivitamin
PMH:
Has left knee arthritis. Had chick pox and mumps as a child. Vaccinations up to
date.
GYN hx:
G2 P1. 1 SAB, 1 living child, full term, wt 9lbs 2 oz. LMP 15months ago. No history of abnormal Pap smear.
FH:
parents alive, well, child alive, well. No siblings. Mother has HTN and father has high cholesterol.
SH:
works from home part time as a planning coordinator. Married. No tobacco history, 1-2 glasses wine on weekends. No illicit drug use
Allergies
: NKDA, allergic to cats and pollen. No latex allergy
Vital signs
: BP 129/80; pulse 76, regular; respiration 16, regular
Height 5’2.5”, weight 185 pounds
General:
obese female in no acute distress. Alert, oriented and cooperative.
Skin
: warm dry and intact. No lesions noted
HEENT:
head normocephalic. Hair thick and distribution throughout scalp. Eyes without exudate, sclera white. Wears contacts. Tympanic membranes gray and intact with light reflex noted. Pinna and tragus nontender. Nares patent without exudate. Oropharynx moist without erythema. Teeth in good repair, no cavities noted. Neck supple. Anterior cervical lymph nontender to palpation. No lymphadenopathy. Thyroid midline, small and firm without palpable masses.
CV
: S1 and S2 RRR without murmurs or rubs
Lungs
: Clear to auscultation bilaterally, respirations unlabored.
Abdomen
- soft, round, nontender with positive bowel sounds present; no organomegaly; no abdominal bruits. No CVAT.
Labwork:
CBC
:
WBC 6,000/mm3 Hgb 12.5 gm/dl Hct 41% RBC 4.6 million MCV 88 fl MCHC
34 g/dl RDW 13.8%
UA:
pH 5, SpGr 1.013, Leukocyte esterase negative, nitrites negative, 1+ glucose; small protein; negative for ketones
CMP:
Sodium 139
Potassium 4.3
Chloride 100
CO2 29
Glucose 95
BUN 12
Creatinine 0.7
GFR est non-AA 92 mL/min/1.73 GFR est AA 101 mL/min/1.73 Calcium 9.5
Total protein 7.6 Bilirubin, total 0.6 Alkaline.
Mr. Rivera is a 72-year-old patient with end stage COPD who is in th.docxaudeleypearl
Mr. Rivera is a 72-year-old patient with end stage COPD who is in the care of Hospice. He has a history of smoking, hypertension, obesity, and type 2 Diabetes. He is on Oxygen 2L per nasal cannula around the clock. His wife and 2 adult children help with his care. Develop a concept map for Mr. Rivera. Consider the patients Ethnic background (he and his family are from Mexico) and family dynamics. Please use the
concept map
form provided.
.
Mr. B, a 40-year-old avid long-distance runner previously in goo.docxaudeleypearl
Mr. B, a 40-year-old avid long-distance runner previously in good health, presented to his primary provider for a yearly physical examination, during which a suspicious-looking mole was noticed on the back of his left arm, just proximal to the elbow. He reported that he has had that mole for several years, but thinks that it may have gotten larger over the past two years. Mr. B reported that he has noticed itchiness in the area of this mole over the past few weeks. He had multiple other moles on his back, arms, and legs, none of which looked suspicious. Upon further questioning, Mr. B reported that his aunt died in her late forties of skin cancer, but he knew no other details about her illness. The patient is a computer programmer who spends most of the work week indoors. On weekends, however, he typically goes for a 5-mile run and spends much of his afternoons gardening. He has a light complexion, blonde hair, and reports that he sunburns easily but uses protective sunscreen only sporadically.
Physical exam revealed: Head, neck, thorax, and abdominal exams were normal, with the exception of a hard, enlarged, non-tender mass felt in the left axillary region. In addition, a 1.6 x 2.8 cm mole was noted on the dorsal upper left arm. The lesion had an appearance suggestive of a melanoma. It was surgically excised with 3 mm margins using a local anesthetic and sent to the pathology laboratory for histologic analysis. The biopsy came back Stage II melanoma.
1. How is Stage II melanoma treated and according to the research how effective is this treatment?
250 words.
.
Moving members of the organization through the change process ca.docxaudeleypearl
Moving members of the organization through the change process can be quite difficult. As leaders take on this challenge of shifting practice from the current state to the future, they face the obstacles of confidence and competence experienced by staff. Change leaders understand the importance of recognizing their moral purpose and helping others to do the same. Effective leaders foster moral purpose by building relationships, considering other’s perspectives, demonstrating respect, connecting others, and examining progress (Fullan & Quinn, 2016). For this Discussion, you will clarify your own moral perspective and how it will impact the elements of focusing direction.
To prepare:
· Review the Adams and Miskell article. Reflect on the measures taken in building capacity throughout the organization.
· Review Fullan and Quinn’s elements of Focusing Direction in Chapter 2. Reflect on aspects needed to build capacity as a leader.
· Analyze the two case examples used to illustrate focused direction in Chapter 2.
· Clarify your own moral purpose, combining your personal values, persistence, emotional intelligence, and resilience.
A brief summary clarifying your own moral imperative.
· Using the guiding questions in Chapter 2 on page 19, explain your moral imperative and how you can use your strengths to foster moral imperative in others.
· Based on Fullan’s information on change leadership, in which areas do you feel you have strong leadership skills? Which areas do you feel you need to continue to develop?
Learning Resources
Required Readings
Fullan, M., & Quinn, J. (2016).
Coherence: The right drivers in action for schools, districts, and systems
. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Chapter 2, “Focusing Direction” (pp. 17–46)
Florian, L. (Ed.). (2014).
The SAGE handbook of special education
(2nd ed.). London, England: Sage Publications Ltd.
Chapter 23, “Researching Inclusive Classroom Practices: The Framework for Participation” (389–404)
Chapter 31, “Assessment for Learning and the Journey Towards Inclusion” (pp. 523–536)
Adams, C.M., & Miskell, R.C. (2016). Teacher trust in district administration: A promising line of inquiry. Journal of Leadership for Effective and Equitable Organizations, 1-32. DOI: 10.1177/0013161X1665220
Choi, J. H., Meisenheimer, J. M., McCart, A. B., & Sailor, W. (2016). Improving learning for all students through equity-based inclusive reform practices effectiveness of a fully integrated school-wide model on student reading and math achievement. Remedial and Special Education, doi:10.1177/0741932516644054
Sailor, W. S., & McCart, A. B. (2014). Stars in alignment. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 39(1), 55-64. doi: 10.1177/1540796914534622
Required Media
Grand City Community
Laureate Education (Producer) (2016c).
Tracking data
[Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Go to the Grand City Community and click into
Grand City School District Administration Offices
. Revie.
Mr. Friend is acrime analystwith the SantaCruz, Califo.docxaudeleypearl
Mr. Friend is a
crime analyst
with the Santa
Cruz, California,
Police
Department.
Predictive Policing: Using Technology to Reduce Crime
By Zach Friend, M.P.P.
4/9/2013
Nationwide law enforcement agencies face the problem
of doing more with less. Departments slash budgets
and implement furloughs, while management struggles
to meet the public safety needs of the community. The
Santa Cruz, California, Police Department handles the
same issues with increasing property crimes and
service calls and diminishing staff. Unable to hire more
officers, the department searched for a nontraditional
solution.
In late 2010 researchers published a paper that the
department believed might hold the answer. They
proposed that it was possible to predict certain crimes,
much like scientists forecast earthquake aftershocks.
An “aftercrime” often follows an initial crime. The time and location of previous criminal activity helps to
determine future offenses. These researchers developed an algorithm (mathematical procedure) that
calculates future crime locations.1
Equalizing Resources
The Santa Cruz Police Department has 94 sworn officers and serves a population of 60,000. A
university, amusement park, and beach push the seasonal population to 150,000. Department personnel
contacted a Santa Clara University professor to apply the algorithm, hoping that leveraging technology
would improve their efforts. The police chief indicated that the department could not hire more officers.
He felt that the program could allocate dwindling resources more efficiently.
Santa Cruz police envisioned deploying officers by shift to the most targeted locations in the city. The
predictive policing model helped to alert officers to targeted locations in real time, a significant
improvement over traditional tactics.
Making it Work
The algorithm is a culmination of anthropological and criminological behavior research. It uses complex
mathematics to estimate crime and predict future hot spots. Researchers based these studies on
In Depth
Featured Articles
- IAFIS Identifies Suspect from 1978 Murder Case
- Predictive Policing: Using Technology to Reduce
Crime
- Legal Digest Part 1 - Part 2
Search Warrant Execution: When Does Detention Rise to
Custody?
- Perspective
Public Safety Consolidation: Does it Make Sense?
- Leadership Spotlight
Leadership Lessons from Home
Archive
- Web and Print
Departments
- Bulletin Notes - Bulletin Honors
- ViCAP Alerts - Unusual Weapons
- Bulletin Reports
Topics in the News
See previous LEB content on:
- Hostage Situations - Crisis Management
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About LEB
- History - Author Guidelines (pdf)
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Patch Call
Known locally as the
“Gateway to the Summit,”
which references the city’s
proximity to the Bechtel Family
National Scout Reserve. More
The patch of the Miamisburg,
Ohio, Police Department
prominently displays the city
seal surroun.
Mr. E is a pleasant, 70-year-old, black, maleSource Self, rel.docxaudeleypearl
Mr. E is a pleasant, 70-year-old, black, male
Source: Self, reliable source
Subjective:
Chief complaint:
“I urinate frequently.”
HPI:
Patient states that he has had an increase in urination for the past several years, which seems to be worsening over the past year. He estimates that he urinates clear/light yellow urine approximately every 1.5-2 hours while awake and is up 2-4 times at night to urinate. He states some urgency and hesitancy with urination and feeling of incomplete voiding. He denies any pain or blood. Denies any head trauma. Denies any increase in thirst or hunger. He denies any unintentional weight loss.
Allergies
: NKA
Current Mediations
:
Multivitamin, daily
Aspirin, 81 mg, daily
Olmesartan, 20 mg daily
Atorvastatin, 10 mg daily
Diphenhydramine, 50 mg, at night
Pertinent History:
Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insomnia
Health Maintenance. Immunizations:
Immunizations up to date
Family History:
No cancer, cardiac, pulmonary or autoimmune disease in immediate family members
Social History:
Patient lives alone. He drinks one cup of caffeinated coffee each morning at the local diner. He denies any nicotine, alcohol or drug use.
ROS:
Incorporated into HPI
Objective:
VS
– BP: 118/68, HR: 86, RR: 16, Temp 97.6, oxygenation 100%, weight: 195 lbs, height: 70 inches.
Mr. E is alert, awake, oriented x 3. Patient is clean and dressed appropriate for age.
Cardiac: No cardiomegaly or thrills; regular rate and rhythm, no murmur or gallop
Respiratory: Clear to auscultation
Abdomen: Bowel sounds positive. Soft, nontender, nondistended, no hepatomegaly
Neuro: CN 2-12 intact
Renal/prostate: Prostate enlarged, non-tender. No asymmetry or nodules palpated
Labs:
Test Name
Result
Units
Reference Range
Color
Yellow
Yellow
Clarity
Clear
Clear
Bilirubin
Negative
Negative
Specific Gravity
1.011
1.003-1.030
Blood
Negative
Negative
pH
7.5
4.5-8.0
Nitrite
Negative
Negative
Leukocyte esterase
Negative
Negative
Glucose
Negative
mg/dL
Negative
Ketones
Negative
mg/dL
Negative
Protein
Negative
mg/dL
Negative
WBC
Negative
/hpf
Negative
RBC
Negative
/hpf
Negative
Lab
Pt’s Result
Range
Units
Sodium
137
136-145
mmol/L
Potassium
4.7
3.5-5.1
mmol/L
Chloride
102
98-107
mmol/L
CO2
30
21-32
mmol/L
Glucose
92
70-99
mg/dL
BUN
7
6-25
mg/dL
Creat
1.6
.8-1.3
mg/dL
GFR
50
>60
Calcium
9.6
8.2-10.2
mg/dL
Total Protein
8.0
6.4-8.2
g/dL
Albumin
4.5
3.2-4.7
g/dL
Bilirubin
1.1
<1.1
mg/dL
Alkaline Phosphatase
94
26-137
U/L
AST
25
0-37
U/L
ALT
55
15-65
U/L
Pt’s results
Normal Range
Units
WBC
9.9
3.4 - 10.8
x10E3/uL
RBC
4.0
3.77 - 5.28
x10E6/uL
Hemoglobin
11.5
11.1 - 15.9
g/dL
H.
Motor Milestones occur in a predictable developmental progression in.docxaudeleypearl
Motor Milestones occur in a predictable developmental progression in young children. They begin with reflexive movements that develop into voluntary movement patterns. For the motor milestone of independent walking, there are many precursor reflexes that must first integrate and beginning movement patterns that must be learned. Explain the motor progression of walking in a child, starting with the integration of primitive reflexes to the basic motor skills needed for a child to walk independently. Discuss at which time frame each milestone occurs from birth to walking (12-18 months of age). What are some reasons why a child could be delayed in walking? At what age is a child considered delayed in walking and in need of intervention? What interventions are available to children who are having difficulty walking? Please be sure to use APA citations for all sources used to formulate your answers.
.
Most women experience their closest friendships with those of th.docxaudeleypearl
Most women experience their closest friendships with those of the same sex. Men have suffered more of a stigma in terms of sharing deep bonds with other men. Open affection and connection is not actively encouraged among men. Recent changes in society might impact this, especially with the advent of the meterosexual male. “The meterosexual male is less interested in blood lines, traditions, family, class, gender, than in choosing who they want to be and who they want to be with” (Vernon, 2010, p. 204).
In this week’s reading material, the following philosophers discuss their views on this topic: Simone de Beauvoir, Thomas Aquinas, MacIntyre, Friedman, Hunt, and Foucault. Make sure to incorporate their views as you answer each discussion question. Think about how their views may be similar or different from your own. In at least 250 words total, please answer each of the following, drawing upon your reading materials and your personal insight:
To what extent do you think women still have a better opportunity to forge deeper friendships than men? What needs to change to level the friendship playing field for men, if anything?
How is the role of the meterosexual man helping to forge a new pathway for male friendships?
.
Most patients with mental health disorders are not aggressive. Howev.docxaudeleypearl
Most patients with mental health disorders are not aggressive. However, it is important for nurses to be able to know the signs and symptoms associated with the five phases of aggression, and to appropriately apply nursing interventions to assist in treating aggressive patients. Please read the case study below and answer the four questions related to it.
Aggression Case Study
Christopher, who is 14 years of age, was recently admitted to the hospital for schizophrenia. He has a history of aggressive behavior and states that the devil is telling him to kill all adults because they want to hurt him. Christopher has a history of recidivism and noncompliance with his medications. One day on the unit, the nurse observes Christopher displaying hypervigilant behaviors, pacing back and forth down the hallway, and speaking to himself under his breath. As the nurse runs over to Christopher to talk, he sees that his bedroom door is open and runs into his room and shuts the door. The nurse responds by attempting to open the door, but Christopher keeps pulling the door shut and tells the nurse that if the nurse comes in the room he will choke the nurse. The nurse responds by calling other staff to assist with the situation.
1. What phase of the aggression cycle is Christopher in at the beginning of this scenario? What phase is he in at the end the scenario? (State the evidence that supports your answers).
2. What interventions could have been implemented to prevent Christopher from escalating at the beginning of the scenario?
3. What interventions should the nurse take to deescalate the situation when Christopher is refusing to open his door?
4. If a restrictive intervention (restraint/seclusion) is used, what are some important steps for the nurse to remember?
SCHOLAR NURSING ARTICLE>>>APA FORMAT>>>
.
Most of our class readings and discussions to date have dealt wi.docxaudeleypearl
Most of our class readings and discussions to date have dealt with the issue of ethics and ethical behavior. Various philosophers have made contributions to jurisprudence including how to apply ethical principles (codes of conduct?) to ethical dilemma.
Your task is to watch the Netflix documentary ‘The Social Dilemma.’ If you cannot currently access Netflix it offers a free trial opportunity, which you can cancel after viewing the documentary. Should this not be an option for whatever reason, then please email me and we will create an alternative ethics question.
DUE DATE: Tuesday, Sept. 29, 2020 by noon
SEND YOUR NO MORE THAN 5 PAGE DOUBLE SPACED RESPONSE TO MY EMAIL ADDRESS. LATE PAPERS SUBJECT TO DOWNGRADING
As critics have written, the documentary showcases ways our minds are twisted and twirled by social media companies like Facebook, Twitter, and Google through their platforms and search engines, and the why of what they are doing, and what must be done to stop it.
After watching the movie, respond to the following questions in the order given. Use full sentences and paragraphs, and start off each section by stating the question you are answering. Be succinct.
What are the critical ethical issues identified?
What concerns are raised over the polarization of society and promulgation of fake news?
What is the “attention-extraction model” of software design and why worry?
What is “surveillance capitalism?”
Do you agree that social media warps your perceptions of reality?
Who has the power and control over these social media platforms – software designers, artificial intelligence (Ai), CEOs of media platforms, users, government?
Are social media platforms capable of self-regulation to address the political and ethical issues raised or not? If not, then should government regulate?
What other actions can be taken to address the basic concern of living in a world “…where no one believes what’s true.”
.
Most people agree we live in stressful times. Does stress and re.docxaudeleypearl
Stress may contribute to illness according to some research cited in textbooks. The question asks whether stress and reactions to stress can lead to health issues, and opinions should be supported by evidence from course materials. References in APA format are required.
Most of the ethical prescriptions of normative moral philosophy .docxaudeleypearl
Most of the ethical prescriptions of normative moral philosophy tend to fall into one of the following three categories: deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics. These categories in turn put an emphasis on different normative standards for judging what constitutes right and wrong actions.
Moral psychologists and behavioral economists such as Jonathan Haidt and Dan Ariely take a different approach: focusing not on some normative ethical framework for moral judgment, but rather on the psychological foundations of moral intuition and on the limitations that our human frailty places on real-world honesty, decency, and ethical commitments.
In this context, write a short essay (minimum 400 words) on what you see as the most important differences between the traditional normative philosophical approaches and the more recent empirical approach of moral psychology when it comes to ethics. As part of your answer also make sure that you discuss the implications of these differences.
Deadline reminder:
this assignment is
due on June 14th
. Any assignments submitted after that date will lose 5 points (i.e., 20% of the maximum score of 25 points) for each day that they are submitted late. Accordingly, after June 14th, any submissions would be worth zero points and at that time the assignment inbox will close.
.
Most healthcare organizations in the country are implementing qualit.docxaudeleypearl
Most healthcare organizations in the country are implementing quality improvement programs to save lives, enhance customer satisfaction, and reduce the cost of healthcare services. Limited human and material resources often undermine such efforts. Zenith Hospital in a rural community has 200 beds. Postsurgical patients tend to contract infections at the surgical site, requiring extended hospitalization. Mr. Jones—75 years old—was admitted to Zenith Hospital for inguinal hernia repairs. He was also hypertensive, with a compromised immune system. Two days after surgery, he acquired an infection at the surgical site, with elevated temperature, and then he developed septicemia. His condition worsened, and he was moved to isolation in the intensive care unit (ICU). A day after transfer to the ICU, he went into ventricular arrhythmia and was placed on a respirator and cardiac monitoring machine. Intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and antipyretics could not bring the fever down, and blood analysis continued to deteriorate.
The hospital infection control unit got involved. The team confirmed that postsurgical infections were on the increase, but the hospital was unable to identify the sources of infection. The surgery unit and surgical team held meetings to understand possible sources of infection. The team leader had earlier reported to management that they needed to hire more surgical nurses, arguing that nurses in the unit were overworked, had to go on leave, and often worked long hours without break.
Mr. Jones’ family members were angry and wanted to know the source of his infection, why he was on the respirator in isolation, and why his temperature was not coming down. Unfortunately, his condition continued to deteriorate. His daughter invited the family’s legal representative to find out what was happening to her father and to commence legal proceedings.
Then, the healthcare manager received information that two other patients were showing signs of postsurgical infection. The healthcare manager and care providers acknowledged the serious quality issues at Zenith Hospital, particularly in the surgical unit. The healthcare manager wrote to the Chairman of the Hospital Board, seeking approval to implement a quality improvement program. The Board held an emergency meeting and approved the manager’s request. The healthcare manager has invited you to support the organization in this process.
Please address the following questions in your response:
What are successful approaches for gaining a shared understanding of the problem?
How can effective communication be implemented?
What is a qualitative approach that helps in identifying the quality problem?
What tools can provide insight into understanding the problem?
In quality improvement, what does appreciative inquiry help do?
What is a benefit of testing solutions before implementation?
What is a challenge that is inherent in the application of the plan, do, study, act (PDSA) method?
What .
More work is necessary on how to efficiently model uncertainty in ML.docxaudeleypearl
More work is necessary on how to efficiently model uncertainty in ML and NLP, as well as how to represent uncertainty resulting from big data analytics.
Pages - 4
Excluding the required cover page and reference page.
APA format 7 with an introduction, a body content, and a conclusion.
No Plagiarism
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Mortgage-Backed Securities and the Financial CrisisKelly Finn.docxaudeleypearl
Mortgage-Backed Securities and the Financial Crisis
Kelly Finn
FNCE 4302
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) are “pass-through” bundles of housing debt sold as investment vehicles
A mortgage-backed security, MBS, is a type of asset-backed security that pays investors regular payments, similar to a bond. It gets the title as a “pass-through” because the security involves several entities in the origination and securitization process (where the asset is identified, and where it is used as a base to create a new investment instrument people can profit off of).
Key Players involved in the MBS Process
[Mortgage] Lenders: banks who sell mortgages to GSE’s
GSE: Government Sponsored Entities created by the US Government to make owning property more accessible to Americans
1938: Fannie Mae (FNMA): Federal National Mortgage Assoc.
1970: Freddie Mac (FHLMC): Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.
Increase mortgage borrowing
Introduce competitor to Fannie Mae
1970: Ginnie Mae (GNMA): Government National Mortgage Assoc.
US Government: Treasury: implicit commitment of providing support in case of trouble
The several entities involved in the process make MBS a “pass-through”. Here we have 3 main entities that we’ll call “Key Players” for the purpose of this presentation which aims to provide you with a basic and simple explanation of MBS and their role in the financial crisis.
GSE’s created by the US Government in 1938
Part of FDR’s New Plan during Great Depression
Purpose: make owning property more accessible to more Americans
GSE (ex. Fannie Mae) buys mortgages (debt) from banks, & then pools mortgages into little bundles investors can buy (securitization)
Bank’s mortgage is exchanged with GSE’s cash
Created liquid secondary market for mortgages
Result:
1) Bank has more cash to lend out to people
2) Now all who want to a house (expensive) can get the money needed to buy one!
Where MBS came from & when
Yay for combatting homelessness and increasing quality of life for the common American!
Thanks Uncle Sam!
MBS have been around for a long time. Officially in the US, they have their origins in government. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed into creation Fannie Mae that was brought about to help ease American citizen’s difficulty in becoming homeowners. The sole purpose of a GSE thus was to not make profit, but to promote citizen welfare in regards to housing. Seeing that it was created by regulatory government powers, it earned the title of Government Sponsored Entity, which we will abbreviate as GSE. 2 other GSE’s in housing were created in later decades like Freddie Mae, to further stimulate the mortgage market alongside Fannie, and Ginnie which did a similar thing but only for certain groups of people (Veterans, etc) and to a much smaller scale.
How MBS works: Kelly is a homeowner looking to borrow a lot of money
*The Lender, who issued Kelly the mor.
Moral Development Lawrence Kohlberg developed six stages to mora.docxaudeleypearl
Moral Development:
Lawrence Kohlberg developed six stages to moral behavior in children and adults. Punishment and obedience orientation, interpersonal concordance, law and order orientation, social contract orientation, and universal ethics orientation. All or even just one of these stages will make a good topic for your research paper or you could just do the research paper on Kohlberg.
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How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT 1 .docx
1. REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
1
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING
IN DESIGN MANAGEMENT
(Image 1)
Degree: MA design management
Word count: 2880
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents 2
2. 1. Annotated Bibliography 3
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Mind map 1 5
1.3Thinking process 6
2. Literature Review 9
2.1 Direction 9
2.2 Overview of the research topic 12
2.3 Infographic 2 14
3. Reflective Commentary 15
3.1 Research gap 15
3.2 Planning 16
4. References 17
5. Appendices 22
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
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3
1.Annotated bibliography
3. 1.1 introduction
Packaging is one of the important part in design management.
Packaging can
attract consumers' attention and stimulate consumption, and
packaging play
an important role in marketing. (Shen,2016) Packaging design
not only affect
people’s choices, but also is an excellent way to establish a
brand
image. Packaging design has gradually become the link and
bridge
between enterprises and consumers to establish cognitive brand
awareness. Packaging is an excellent way to convey information
and
generalize brand in today’s gradually competitive marketing,
especially in
the launch of new brands, reposition or extend the brand, when
change the
product or distinguish product, using graphic will provide a
strategy
approach to differentiation. (Garber et al. cited in Vergura and
Luceri,
page218, 2000) Different products have different packaging
4. needs, for
example, preservation is the main feature of packaging for food,
however, a
attractive packaging effect the sales. The primary purpose of
packaging is to
protect the product, with the customer awareness growth and the
long-term
development of the consumer's social structure, packaging is not
only
expected to protect product features, but also increase
sales.(Yang, 2018)
For cosmetic, limited packaging maybe is a way to attract
consumer. At the
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JCM-12-2016-
2021
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JCM-12-2016-
2021
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
4
same time, different people have different preferences for
packaging, such as
different ages or different gender. Packaging affects the market
5. of products in
varying degrees, hence, packaging will become the focus in
design
management research. In people’s daily life, packaging effect
people’s
decision when they buy something, Vergura and Luceri reported
that
packaging affects people's purchase decisions and it is one of
the important
issues. (Vergura, Luceri. 2018) With the improvement of
people's living
standards, the definition and goals of packaging design have
also changed.
Packaging design is an external reflection of the intrinsic
product. In addition to
the protective function, the packaging of the product creates a
beautiful visual
image for consumers through visual elements such as graphics,
color and text,
and expresses and promotes the characteristics and functions of
the product in
different forms to help consumers understand the product.
I choose this area because packaging plays an important role in
marketing.
6. The reason why consumer buy something directly is that
product display, in the
product display, attractive packaging play an essential role.
(Ghani and Kamal
cited in Edward, page 805, 2013). In the absence of reference
information or
the same quality and price, unique packaging can attract
consumers' attention
and interest, and enter the consumer's choice range. Therefore,
packaging is a
way to convey information to customer, it can not only describe
the trademark,
name and quality of the product, but also introduce the special
effects and
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
5
uses of the product, as well as the corporate image. Consumers
can get
information about the product in a short time through the
product box. A good
7. packaging is also conducive to building a brand image and
brand awareness.
Packaging not only conveys brand information to consumers,
but it can be
delivered to consumers at the lowest cost. (Hellstrom and Nilsso
cited in
Edward, 2013) Packaging can attract consumer so that increase
purchasing, then, help the company get more revenue.
1.2 mind map
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
6
1.3 Thinking process
From my mind map, packaging is my research field in design
management,
Packaging is not only to protect the integrity of the product, it
is also a
8. brand strategy that the company attracts customers. Function,
visual
design and brand marketing issues are involved into packaging,
these
features effectively show the brand image and package content.
(Orth &
Malkewitz cited in Yang, page 52, 2013).
Firstly, packaging is divided into five parts, they are design,
marketing,
content, product categories and consumer preference. The
aesthetics in
design will become basic section because one of the purpose of
packaging
is to attract consumers, and the aesthetics design of packaging
is the main
factor in attracting consumers. Customer preference is divided
into two
parts, consumer behavior and groups. For customer, different
ages and
different gender have different preferences when they choose a
product.
An experiment about the choices of chocolate packaging show
that conner
who under 20 age would like to choose tall thin shapes and
9. more easier to
accept innovative shapes, however, the others who over 40
years old like
conventional shapes. And men recipients prefer angular shaped
packaging
but women have more interest in the shallow and curved
package. ( Barnes
et al., 2003)For instance, children maybe would like to choose a
product
which packaging with cartoon or a toy, a survey indicate that
children are
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
7
the most vulnerable to food packaging, attractive packaging can
influence
children’s favour. (Elliott, 2018) Brand mascots and media
characters on
food packaging can attract children’s attention in order to
increase sales.
Furthermore, these characters also influence the tastes
imagination before
10. they buy it. (de Droog et al. and Enax et al. cited in Elliott,
page156, 2018)
And the elder maybe consider which packaging is more easy to
open.
There is a new trend that design products and packaging for the
elder, and
the elder think that the openability is very important. (
Jeeranuch and
Athakorn, 2018) Therefore, the survey of packaging preferences
for
different groups of people is a part of packaging design.
The most important part of packaging in design management is
packaging
aesthetic design, because it is the main reason that influence
consumer
behavior. Consumers believe that the aesthetic design of the
product can
bring them a sense of pleasure(Amel, 2018) And it is divided
into four parts
named aesthetic, functional, psychological and social. At first,
when it
comes to aesthetic in packaging, shape, color, graphic and
material are
11. key components. As Edward in his article mention that
according to the
research results, food company should focus on the visual
packaging
design, such as color, font, logo, graphics, and size to establish
positive
perceptions and brand awareness for target people.(Edward,
2013) The
color in aesthetic of packaging design will be the focus of this
article because
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
8
color maybe is one of the important issue attracting customer’s
attention when
they go shopping, all of the visual design tips for consumer,
color maybe is the
most element. (Lynn cited in Spence and Velasco, page 226,
2018). And the
pattern in packaging is another factor that affects consumer
behavior. The
other parts in design are functional, psychological and social.
12. Then product categories, content in packaging and the effect of
marketing are
another relation with packaging. Products can be divided into
foods, drinks and
cosmetic, and the content on packaging can convey information
to people. For
marketing, packaging effect the awareness of brand because the
attractive of
packaging. The physical structure, materials, surface treatments
and
interactions of the packaging not only affect the consumer
experience in a
large extent, but also influence customer awareness of brand
follow-up.
( Timney and Chamberlain, 2017) Because of this essay will
focus on how
color and pattern in packaging design effect consumer behavior,
so the
analysis of packaging will focus on consumer behavior as well
as color and
pattern in aesthetic of packaging design.
13. REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
9
2. Literature Review
2.1 Direction
From the introduction part, different products have different
target people,
companies need to understand the different preferences of
consumers to
design attractive packaging. Packaging design influence
consumer behavior,
this essay focuses on the impact of color and graphics on
consumers in
packaging design.
Color is one of the important factors to beautify and highlight
product features.
Color is the first element to attract consumers, it convey brand
information to
people and it is also a reflection of consumer psychology. The
color of the
14. design not only evokes the consumer's feelings about the
product, but also
attracts the consumer's attention and affects the product.
Therefore, the color
of the design is one of the basic elements that stimulate the
consumer's visual
experience.(Amel, 2018) People will have some association
with color and
different color have different feeling. People's perception of
color can quickly
distinguish the preference for products.
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
10
Considering the particularity of packaging in the marketing
market, the color of
packaging is one of the necessary elements to convey
information. It can
quickly establish emotional intercommunication with
consumers, evoke
15. people's association with products, and stimulate
purchases.(Barchiesi et al.
2016 ) Hasani and Zeqiri think that Companies use different
colors to reflect
different emotions. For example, black is considered to be
power, blue is for
trust, red is for energy, and green is considered balanced or
fresh and organic.
(Hasani and Zeqiri, 2015) Color also is one of the ways to
distinguish the taste
of food, the research has shown that the color of the package
will affect the
consumer's experience with the product, in fact, more and more
research
indicate that the color of the package affects the initial
judgment of the taste,
such as the scent of food and beverage products or even
household or
personal care products.(Spence and Velasco,2018) “ Velasco
et al
demonstrated that packaging color /product flavour congruence
facilitated the
visual search for a particular flavour of crisps. Specifically,
participants found it
16. significantly easier to locate a predetermined flavour variety
(e.g., cucumber)
when the color of the packaging was congruent with the
customer’s
expectations(e.g., green, with their color-flavour
correspondences).” (Spence
and Velasco,2018) From the above literature research, it can be
seen that
color affects consumers' first feelings about products, and also
becomes a
necessary factor to attract consumers' attention in packaging
design.
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
11
Therefore, in the packaging, in order to make the product out of
the
competition, the designer can not ignore the importance of
color.
Color has some influence on everyone's psychological
choices,Regarding
17. people's preference for color, some experiments have shown
that people love
color packaging more than grayscale packaging.(Marques da
Rosa et al.,
2018)Through Soirer and Brée's research on the application of
red and blue in
mineral water packaging, blue packaging is more exciting for
consumers.
(Sohier and Brée cited in Amei, page 93, 2018) Colors can also
convey
environmentally friendly information, such as green
applications in packaging
that are implicitly related to sustainability.(Hoogland et al.,
Magnier and
Schoormans, and Pancer et al. cited in Steenis, et al. Page 287,
2017)
Accordingly, different colors have different expectations in
consumer
psychology, that is the reason why designer should consider
color when they
design a package.
Graphics is also one of the characteristics of packaging design,
which also
promote brand or product to consumer. It is very important for
18. brand or
company to use image on packaging because it can increase
people's focus
on the product. (Hasani and Zeqiri, 2015) Firstly, graphic on
packaging through
abstract or figurative visual graphics to create and convey
aesthetics, to show
a rich corporate connotation, a perfect interpretation of
products, to deliver
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
12
high-quality quality information to consumers, so that
consumers fully
associate the use value of products, generate purchase desire.
Packaging can
be thought of as consisting of many elements, and graphics can
be used as
one of the language design features that prompt consumers.
(Magnier and
Crié, Rettie and Brewer, Underwood cited in Steenis el al. Page
288, 2017 ).
19. On the food packaging, in order to reflect the delicious taste of
the food, the
photos of the food are often printed on the product packaging to
deepen the
consumer's vivid impression. According to Klimchuk &
Krasovec, picture on a
food package can cause appetite to happen. (Klimchuk and
Krasovec cited in
Cahyorni and Rusfian, page16, 2011)
2.2 overview of the research topic
My research topic analyze the impact of aesthetics on
consumers in packaging
design, especially in color and graphics. For the brand, the
company needs to
promote the product, or a certain degree of awareness, that is,
marketing
communication(Cahyorini and Rusfian, 2011) Every brand
needs to promote
its products through some methods, and packaging is an
effective way to
attract consumers. (Hasani and Zeqiri, 2015) The company is
more interested
20. in using packaging to promote sales. In packaging, colors and
graphics are
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
13
visual elements, visual elements as a basic element of
packaging design can
convey information to consumers effectively. (Chen and Song,
2018) Design
must attract consumers through its unique characteristics, but
also to promote
brand information. (Cahyorini and Rusfian, 2011) Colors as
visual elements
first attract the attention of consumers, and graphic can convey
brand
information to consumer. Gollety think that “at 10 meters, color
is the first
element seen by the consumer. At 4 meters, it is the shape,
every bit as
important as the color that is seen. At just 1 meter away from a
product, it is the
21. brand which the consumer sees”.(Gollety and
Guichard,2011)Thus, when the
consumer does not understand the product, the first factor
affecting the
consumer's choice may be the color of the package. On the other
hand,
graphic is another method in packaging design to attract
consumer. Different
consumers have different preferences for graphics. The reason
why I choose
aesthetic in packaging is that a good design must satisfy
consumer’s
requirements, and a successful design must not only be reflected
in the
function, but also achieve the consumer's visual requirements in
aesthetics,
and successfully catch people's eyes. (Hassenzahl, Jordan, Liu
and Norman
cited in Westerman et al. 2012) Because of color and graphics
are used as
visual elements in packaging design to convey certain brand
information to
consumers, and from previous research, color is the main factor
affecting
22. REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
14
consumers. Accordingly, the research direction of this paper is
the influence of
color and graphics on consumers behavior in packaging.
2.3 Infographic 2
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
15
3.Reflective Commentary
3.1 research gap
The literature review gives some points about aesthetic in
packaging effect
consumer decision, color and graphic became the main research
direction.
23. Through the above research packaging it is found that
packaging does affect
the choice of consumers and affects the sales of products. But
the negative
effect also can not be ignored. In people’s daily life, sometimes,
they find that
the packaging of the products we buy is gorgeous and attractive,
but it is
disappointing after opening. Some people think that some
beautifully
packaged goods also have too high a price, but the goods
themselves are not
worth the price, and people called this over-packaging. Over-
packaging
describes a phenomenon which over use packaging to beautify
products but
causing waste of packaging materials that were not originally
needed
(Elgaaïed-Gambier, 2014) The first problem of over-packaging
is that the price
is too high, some package is more expensive that the product
itself, and the
second one is waste and environmental pollution. A study shows
that
24. over-packaging can account for 65% of the total cost of the
product, so for
manufacturers, over-packaging saves the cost of the product
itself. (Sevadec
cited in Monnot et al., 2017) On the other hand, Some
packaging will be made
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
16
of materials such as cardboard, which invisibly increases the
cost of the
product, and the bearer can only be the consumer, which means
that the final
sales price rises. (Elgaaïed-Gambier, 2014) Over-packaging is a
waste of
resources, and it will generate more household waste and
pollution.
(Elgaaïed-Gambier, 2014) Therefore, over-packaging not only
increase the
cost of product, but also causing environmental pollution.
To sum up, proper packaging is necessary. But over-packaging
25. goes to the
other extreme, exaggerating the function of packaging,
misleading consumer
attitudes, and damaging the interests of consumers and society.
Packaging is
no longer just the traditional appearance of the product, but is
integrated with
the product, which is more simple and individual while reducing
costs. This is
the art of packaging. Recently, people pay more attention to
sustainable
packaging in order to protect environment, thus, we should
reduce the use of
over-packaging.
3.2 planning
Through the study of this course, I discovered the importance of
reading and
critical thinking. Reading can not only help us gain professional
knowledge, but
also help us have a sporadic thinking about the topic of our
thesis. In the
26. REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
17
writing process of this article, I read some literature about
packaging and and
inspired some ideas for packaging. In the next semester, I will
read more
literature and organize my thoughts about the direction of
design management.
In the process of writing this essay, I realized the importance of
time
management. I think good time management will improve
learning efficiency
and make writing easier. Therefore, I will divide my time, plan
my future time,
arrange time during Easter holidays, and visit more museums
and increase my
knowledge. In the remaining time, you should try to learn
English well, learn
your major, and obtain a degree certificate. If i can get an
opportunity to find a
job in UK after graduation, I want to stay here in order to
increase my
27. experience.In the future, I hope that I can find a satisfactory job
and apply the
knowledge I have learned during my graduate studies to my
work. In addition,
the research on packaging in this article allowed me to be
exposed to various
aspects of packaging during the literature, such as sustainable
packaging and
consumer behavior and psychological, and perhaps to focus on
some cases
and literature on sustainable packaging and pay attention to
consumer
psychology in future studies. Maybe it will help me in my
future career.
4. References
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
18
Amel, A. (2018). Influence of cosmetic packaging’ color on
price perception
and consumer preference. Annals of 'Constantin brancusi'
28. university of
targu-Jiu. economy series, 2, p.92-100
Barchiesi, M., Castellan, S. and Costa, R. (2016). In the eye of
the beholder:
Communicating CSR through color in packaging design. Journal
of Marketing
Communications, 24(7), p.720-733.
Barnes, C. Southee, C. and Henson, B. (2003) The impact of
affective design
of product packaging upon consumer purchase decisions.
Proceedings of the
International Conference on Designing Pleasurable Products and
Interfaces,
p.134-135
Cahyorini, A. and Rusfian, E. Z.(2011) The effect of packaging
design on
impulsive buying, Journal of Administrative Science &
Organization, 18(1),
p.11-12
Elgaaïed-Gambier, L. (2014). Who Buys Overpackaged Grocery
Products and
29. Why? Understanding Consumers’ Reactions to Overpackaging
in the Food
Sector. Journal of Business Ethics, 135(4), pp.683-698.
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
19
Elliott, C. (2018). Milk in a glass, milk in a carton: The
influence of packaging
on children’s perceptions of the healthfulness of milk.
International Journal of
Health Promotion and Education, 56(3), p.155-164.
Gollety, M. and Guichard, N. (2011). The dilemma of flavor and
color in the
choice of packaging by children. Young Consumers, 12(1),
p.82-90.
Hasani, V. and Zeqiri, J. (2015). Using Factor Analysis Tool to
Analyze the
Important Packaging Elements that Impact Consumer Buying
30. Behavior. International Journal of Academic Research in
Business and Social
Sciences, 5(6).
Hui Chen & Wu Song (2018) A multi-level study of evaluation
indices and
weight comparison for food packaging designs, Journal of
Interdisciplinary
Mathematics, 21:2, p.287-297
Jeeranuch, B., Athakorn, K. (2018) Criterion Evaluation of
Accessible
Packaging Design for Aging Society, 2018 2nd International
Conference on
Engineering Innovation. P86-89
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MANAGEMENT
20
Marques da Rosa, V., Spence, C. and Miletto Tonetto, L.
(2018). Influences of
visual attributes of food packaging on consumer preference and
associations
31. with taste and healthiness. International Journal of Consumer
Studies.
Monnot, E., Reniou, F., Parguel, B. and Elgaaied-Gambier, L.
(2017).
“Thinking Outside the Packaging Box”: Should Brands Consider
Store Shelf
Context When Eliminating Overpackaging?. Journal of Business
Ethics.
Shen, C. (2016). The Research on the Design of Colors, Patterns
and Texts
for Paper Stocks Tea Packaging Visual Design. Applied
Mechanics and
Materials, 835, p.665-669.
Spence, C. and Velasco C. (2018). On the multiple effects of
packaging colour
on consumer behaviour and product experience in the ‘food and
beverage’ and
‘home and personal care’ categories, Food Quality and
Preference, 68(2018),
P.226-237
32. Steenis, N., van Herpen, E., van der Lans, I., Ligthart, T. and
van Trijp, H.
(2017). Consumer response to packaging design: The role of
packaging
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09503293
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
21
materials and graphics in sustainability perceptions and product
evaluations. Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, p.286-298.
S.T. Wang, E. (2013). The influence of visual packaging design
on perceived
food product quality, value, and brand preference. International
Journal of
Retail & Distribution Management, 41(10), p.805-816.
Timney, T. and Chamberlain, P. (2017). Integrated package
design: an
interdisciplinary approach to package design that benefits
consumer
experience and brand perception. Computer-Aided Design and
33. Applications,
14(sup1), p.33-40.
Vergura, D. and Luceri, B. (2018). Product packaging and
consumers’
emotional response. Does spatial representation influence
product evaluation
and choice?. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 35(2), p.218-227.
Yang, C. (2018). Applying Design Thinking as a Method for
Teaching
Packaging Design. Journal of Education and Learning, 7(5),
p.52.
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
22
Westerman, S., Gardner, P., Sutherland, E., White, T., Jordan,
K., Watts, D.
and Wells, S. (2012). Product Design: Preference for Rounded
versus Angular
Design Elements. Psychology and Marketing, 29(8), pp.595-
34. 605.
Website: Ieeexplore.ieee.org. (2019). Criterion Evaluation of
Accessible
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Publication. [online]
Available at:
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=844
8612
[Accessed 6 Jan. 2019].
Picture source: http://image.baidu.com
5.Appendices
http://image.baidu.com/
REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
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REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
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35. 25
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REFLECTION ON THE PACKAGING IN DESIGN
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36. REFLECTION ON
SERVICE DESIGN
Word Count: 2980
1
Table of contents
Table of contents
...............................................................................................
................. 1
1.Annotated Bibliography
...............................................................................................
... 2
1.1Introduction
...............................................................................................
........................... 2
37. 1.2Mind map
...............................................................................................
.............................. 4
1.3 Thinking process
...............................................................................................
................... 5
2.Literature review
...............................................................................................
.............. 7
2.1 A critical overview of the key theory
.................................................................................... 7
2.2 Service design in art galleries
...............................................................................................
9
2.3 Infographic
...............................................................................................
.......................... 11
3.Reflective commentary
...............................................................................................
... 12
3.1 Research gap
...............................................................................................
....................... 12
3.2 Planning
...............................................................................................
.............................. 14
4.Reference
39. background including definitions and developments of service
design and the reasons
why this paper addresses this area will be introduced.
Firstly, there are several viewpoints about definitions of service
design. Obviously,
service design was regarded as an emerging occupation which
can assist
organizations to understand the clients and meet the expectation
via developing or
improving services and experiences, translate those into
reasonable solutions, and
implement them. Foley(2018)clarifies the service design is a
feasible way to
improve the relationships and communication between the
providers and individuals
and vice versa – while also improving outcomes.
Secondly, in terms of the history of service design, which dated
back to 1980s and
The 1990s, the idea of designing service arose. Then the public
did not know well
about this concept for a long time until 2001, “service design”
started being used
40. explicitly by a new London-based company. At the following
stage, service design
experienced a rapid increase. For example, the majority of
European design schools
have begun providing relevant courses in it, even in the United
States and the Asia
Pacific. Therefore, it can approve that increasing brand new
service design
consultancies have been founded initially in the UK but later
worldwide, which implied
a prosperous trend there. Additionally, in summer 2010, the
Guardian published a
series of typical cases in various domains about service design,
which affected all
walks of life in the UK. And the landscape of service design has
changed in the last
two years, loads of fields have been involved and specialists
have been demanded.
Finally, there are two main reasons why this paper focuses on
service design. First of
all, better service design can bring massive benefits to
individuals and various
organizations as well. For instance, Tan and Pawitra (2001)
prove better service
41. design could facilitate innovative service to meet customer
satisfaction and embed into
3
the future updated design in terms of tourism. Similarly, Ciolfi
and Bannon (2007)
affirm how ideas about the service of place can be incorporated
into a design process,
giving the public a successful museum experience by discussing
several interactive
museums. Therefore, these examples can show the significance
of better service
design and how the compact relationship between public and
different organizations
existed.
Beside benefits that better service design brought, another
significantly important
reason is that it has been demanding all over the world, which
means service design
has been lacking. For example, based on the experience
research, the public has had
a question that is whether an entertaining show or a
42. contemplative exhibition in an art
gallery (Mcintyre, 2009). Later in China, wen (2016)
demonstrated contemporary
Chinese art supported strongly by the government as an
emerging field, but it needs
a better design team to improve public aesthetic awareness by
upgraded service
design. Therefore, this area is vital and necessary to be
discussed.
43. 4
1.2Mind map
(picture 1 Mind Map)
5
1.3 Thinking process
According to picture 1, based on researching massive literature,
thus there are seven
branches which are fields, target groups, tools, models,
theories, benefits and
44. opportunities. As a matter of fact, there is a rough time order
inside of them.
Initially, due to loads of papers involved the service design, it
is common to find that
all walks of life need better service design to improve the
outcome, such as healthcare,
entertainment, non-profitable organization and so forth. And
many different domains’
experts mentioned the service design is an emerging occupation
in the early time,
while the quality of service design became a soft power
increasingly nowadays.
Therefore, the service design has played a vital role in all
industries.
And the second part is about target groups, which can make a
better understanding
of users’ requirements. The target groups are divided into three
groups which are
public, manager and organization and there is a compact link
among these three
groups. Mainly because it is managers' and organizations' duty
to improve the
management system (staff and physical environment) to meet
45. public expectations.
However, to ascertain which kind of person is the target group
will facilitate the design
quality and process.
After choosing the target groups, the third part is to utilize the
following tools to improve
the outcome. It is roughly divided into two stages including
collecting data and then
analysing data. In the former stage, there are several methods to
collect data such as
interview, observation and journey maps. Using these basic
ways to collect the first-
hand resource from the target group mentioned in the last part.
And then via
synthesising the authoritative theories and typical models to
analyse the quality of the
resource and whether the solution can bring a positive effect.
Right after tools, there
is a specific identification about models and theories. Due to
the chosen area is the
service design, there are two well-known theories needed to be
mentioned, which are
“experience centre design” and “human centre design”. The
46. relationship between
these two theories and service design are mutually facilitate
each other.
6
And the last two aspects are benefits and opportunities brought
by service design. The
benefits mainly come from improving existing service design
system and create a
brand new one. For instance, an excellent service design could
leave an impressive
first impression in clients’ mind, and the brand awareness and
brand loyalty will be
built gradually and the brand culture may be instilled into
public concept later, which
is a virtuous circle in this way. After analysing the benefits of
better service design, it
did bring massive opportunities and challenges in the future
trend. Because some
successful cases could approve there are mature experiences,
however, there is still
space to update and develop.
47. All in all, the mind map shows the thinking process and the
above description indicates
the relationship between these elements.
7
2.Literature review
2.1 A critical overview of the key theory
This part will present a critical overview of the key theories
that support the service
design of research. There are eight relevant theories which are
divided into two
48. aspects —— collecting data and applying methods.
In terms of theories of collecting data, Foley (2018) contributed
“observing first-hand”
is an effective way to get what organization needs. It means this
kind of survey
approach works better than expert opinion and archival data.
Because only in this way,
the data can be truly useful. Similarly, “journey-maps” was
affirmed as a guide by
analysing and comparing clients’ act and their real
requirements. As a matter of fact,
the majority of experiences are not aware of what is their needs
in advance. In this
situation, it is necessary for managers to figure out clients' real
needs via simulating
their experience whole process even every stages and detail
(Stigliani et al., 2017).
After tracking the clients’ actions at a systems level, then it is
common to find that there
will be some broken points which should be managed to be
connected by designing
multiple points in a journey-map. It can be called “touchpoints”,
which can enhance
49. and visualise certain points in a process so that these
relationships are strengthened.
Therefore, these three key theories have played significant
importance in the former
process of service design and have built a reliable foundation of
data.
After that, the three key theories related to applied methods will
be introduced. The
first important one is “experience centre service”, which can
promote brand loyalty by
means of investigating 17 typical cases of design agencies and
consulting companies
in different industries. In their essay, there was a definition:
CVP = EV + AV + PV
(Leonieke, 2010). It can be explained if a customer value
proposition (CVP) could be
regarded as the sum of the value arising from the experience
(EV), the service
attributes (AV), and the price (PV), then this formula will work.
In addition, another
formula is a shred of reasonable evidence to approve the
importance of the experience
centre service. It is that EV > AV + PV so that the value of
50. experience is the largest
proportion. Thus, experience centre service is an effective
theory to apply in service
design. Similarly, the second theory is “human centre service”
which can help
managers to find the “touchpoint” and apply the first-hand data
to design a humane
8
service for promoting satisfaction. Beside these two theories,
“MSD (Multilevel Service
Design)” is the third one. Due to the proliferation of complex
service design system
raises, this area requires new methods. The MSD means classify
service design at
three hierarchical levels: firm’s concept for customers’
experience; firm’s service
system, comprising its architecture and navigation; service
experience blueprint (Larry,
2011). By utilising this method in a new retail grocery and
redesigning a bank service,
hence these can be the evidence to affirm this theory is a new
interdisciplinary method
51. for service design. Therefore, these theories which can support
research of service
design.
9
2.2 Service design in art galleries
52. This part will focus on the research topic including aim and
relevant theories and the
reasons of importance. This essay research topic is analysing
service design for
improving the quality of art galleries in China by researching
theories and models and
comparing relevant organisations in the UK. And this study
aimed to develop a better
service design strategy for the public to improve their service
design for art galleries
in China. In addition, there are several reasons why the target
group are organizations
such as art galleries. The first reason is art galleries could be
regarded as a learning
tool which means it could bring educated meaning. And the
second one is there is a
lack of good service design to improve the quality of the
galleries in China especially
when the contemporary art as an emerging field to display
China's global role in all
over the world (wen, 2016). Therefore, researching service
design in art galleries is
necessary.
53. Based on research of service design in museums and art
galleries, it is common to
find many museums in the UK appeared to present a desire to
get away from
traditional and inflexible museum formats. Such as Melbourne
Museum, Glasgow
(Kelvingrove Museum and Art Gallery), Edinburgh (National
Museum of Scotland) and
London (Millenium Dome) and so on (Charles, 2009). There
was an apparent trend
among these art galleries, which is there was not only child-
friendly game type
activities but also much space offered that was reflective adult
learning experience
activities. It can be called the good balance of commerce and
technology for the
different target group. However, on the contrary, some articles
refute this view. In their
opinions, based on the “edutainment” that combines education
with an entertaining
framework although these social-cultural experiential spaces
have been increasingly
arising. Therefore, it is undeniable that there is a shift in
museum and art galleries in
54. the UK, which is can give some suggestions to Chinese art
galleries.
After comparing the art galleries between the UK and China, the
last part will discuss
the reasons why this topic is important, which are divided into
two aspects:micro and
macro. First of all, based on research on service design in art
galleries, in terms of the
micro importance, a good service design could be regarded as
an effective way to
10
make art galleries more energetic and creative for attracting
visitors to attend. Then it
can be seen as a proper chance to convey some knowledge and
concept after
compulsory class. For the public, good service could raise the
satisfaction of
experience directly. And for art galleries, better service design
not only could produce
the economic effect but also could help the brand awareness
more impressive in
visitors' mind. Another aspect is macro, due to the huge gap
55. between Chinese art
galleries and world-class art galleries, an excellent service
design could enhance the
quality of art organizations. Therefore, by analysing the micro
and macro aspect, this
topic worth discussing and researching.
57. galleries. Apart from introducing the background, history,
importance, this part will
address the gap which has not been emphasis yet of this field.
The gaps are mainly
divided into three directions.
One of them is Chinese art galleries stand a disadvantaged
position when it compares
and contrasts to other art galleries in other countries because of
not mature service
design. As a matter of fact, this kind of culture especially art
exhibition starting time
was not very early for the Chinese market, so the development
of relevant service
design still has a huge space to promote. Meanwhile, the good
service designers are
rare, so this is another reason why exist this gap. Therefore,
there are not only gaps
in this area but also massive opportunities to grasp and redesign
more good service
design could bring better trend.
And the second one is lack of fixed target group to attend and
appreciate the art
58. galleries because there is a lack of interactive activities and
innovation. Especially in
China, recently the contemporary art starts to prevail among
whole china. However,
due to the most of art galleries lack an interesting introduction
and creative technology
game so that it is difficult to remain stable visitor to attend. For
example, some art
galleries and museum in the UK would hold some social
activities for the different
target group to learn and communicate with each other.
Therefore, it did exist gaps.
And the last but not least, there is a lack of measurement to test
whether the service
design process is correct and the outcome is what the
organization wants. Base on
theory and model called "SERVQUAL" model, it is a previous
theory (Zeithaml et al.,
1990). In that paper, this theory and model was an appropriate
management tool for
measuring service strength and weakness when applied in the
UK leisure industry.
However, later research showed this theory and model need to
59. be updated and it can
be suitable for every field (Tan and Pawitra, 2001). Therefore,
with the increasing
development of complex service design, the measurements need
to be updated and
resigned.
13
A list of research questions that arise from the research gap:
-design is a big challenge
high quality of the physical environment
60. Therefore, by researching massive literature and integrating the
key relevant
theories and applied the models, it is common to find there are
some gaps in this
area. Nevertheless, there is also opportunities and solutions to
overcome these
gaps.
14
3.2 Planning
According to the deep analysis of service design in an art
gallery, it is obvious that
professional and academic skills can be useful for the future
career path. This
section will be divided into two parts which are academic
knowledgeable skills and
61. practical experience.
First of all, the short-term goal is to obtain academic
knowledgeable skills. On the
one hand, I should master two abilities—— reading and writing
skills—— input and
output. Mainly because reading academic articles is the best
way to gain the most
professional knowledge. And after being instilled massive
others’ diversified
thoughts into my concept, it can bring a broader horizon for the
author to burst out
a creative idea in relevant field. On the other hand, based on the
core of becoming
a good service designer, the author needs to grasp some
important elements such
as holism, empathy and co-create. It means a service designer
needs to take
multiple angles into account besides considering the details.
Additionally, the acute
perceptive to catch the clients’ needs and motivating everyone
are needed(Fayard,
2017). Therefore, it is necessary to read professional books and
learn how to
62. achieve these to master independent learning and relevant
knowledge. For this
goal, initially I need to gain the three basic abilities: conducting
design research
(collecting resource using various media), visualizing relevant
data (such as users’
experience map and blueprints and so forth) and building model
(for example role-
playing). Therefore, I need to absorb not only the methods of
learning but also
applying these methods into my major and further career path.
Secondly, the long-term plan is to accumulate the professional
practical experience
through an internship or a volunteer job which relate to service
design. The most
significant things in the workplace that I can learn: time
management, teamwork,
professional knowledge and practical experience. Firstly, as a
service designer,
the most emergency task is to manage, such as time, staff,
location and design
process. There will be loads of tasks needed to be done at the
same time, so the
63. excellent time management skill can help the whole project
going well. Secondly,
the ability to get along well with college is an important
successful element as well.
It is teamwork that service designers need to master, mainly
because this job is to
15
motivate every part of some organizations to create better
service system. And the
last point is to gain professional knowledge from real practical
experience in
working place or college, which can improve my solving
problems abilities.
Therefore, due to the increasingly fierce competition between
all kinds of service
design companies, the higher requirements of service designer
have been asking.
Thus, setting the short-time goal and long-time goal, then
fostering the
independent learning methods gradually and absorbing relevant
knowledge and
experience are my planning.
64. 16
4.Reference
Axelsen, M., 2007, May. Defining special events in galleries
from a visitor
perspective. In Journal of Convention & Event Tourism (Vol. 8,
No. 3, pp. 21-43).
Taylor & Francis Group.
Bourdeau, L. and Chebat, J.C., 2001. An empirical study of the
effects of the design
of the display galleries of an art gallery on the movement of
visitors. Museum
management and curatorship, 19(1), pp.63-73.
Caldwell, N., 2002. (Rethinking) the measurement of service
quality in museums and
galleries. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary
Sector Marketing, 7(2),
65. pp.161-171.
Ciolfi, L. and Bannon, L.J., 2007. Designing hybrid places:
merging interaction
design, ubiquitous technologies and geographies of the museum
space. CoDesign, 3(3), pp.159-180.
Clunas, C., 2004. Superfluous things: material culture and
social status in early
modern China. University of Hawaii Press.
Corrigan-Kavanagh, E., 2018. Exploring art therapy techniques
within service design
as a means to greater home life happiness (Doctoral
dissertation, Loughborough
University).
Fayard, A.L., Stigliani, I. and Bechky, B.A., 2017. How nascent
occupations
construct a mandate: The case of service designers’ ethos.
Administrative Science
Quarterly, 62(2), pp.270-303.
Foley, S.M., 2018. Service Design for Delivery of User
66. Centered Products and
Services in Healthcare. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology,
24(1).
17
Innella, V., 2010. Curriculum and the gallery space: A service-
learning
partnership. Art Education, 63(3), pp.46-52.
Larson, L., 2017. Engaging Families in the Galleries Using
Design Thinking. Journal
of Museum Education, 42(4), pp.376-384.
Lemon, N. and Garvis, S., 2014. Perceptions of pre-service
teachers value of art
museums and galleries. Journal of Museum Education, 39(1),
pp.28-41.
McIntyre, C., 2009. Museum and art gallery experience space
characteristics: an
entertaining show or a contemplative bathe?. International
Journal of Tourism
67. Research, 11(2), pp.155-170.
Patrício, L., Fisk, R.P., Falcão e Cunha, J. and Constantine, L.,
2011. Multilevel
service design: from customer value constellation to service
experience
blueprinting. Journal of Service Research, 14(2), pp.180-200.
Tan, K.C. and Pawitra, T.A., 2001. Integrating SERVQUAL and
Kano’s model into
QFD for service excellence development. Managing Service
Quality: An International
Journal, 11(6),
Teixeira, J., Patrício, L., Nunes, N.J., Nóbrega, L., Fisk, R.P.
and Constantine, L.,
2012. Customer experience modeling: from customer experience
to service
design. Journal of Service Management, 23(3), pp.362-376.
Williams, C., 1998. Is the SERVQUAL model an appropriate
management tool for
measuring service delivery quality in the UK leisure industry?.
Managing
68. Leisure, 3(2), pp.98-110.
18
Zomerdijk, L.G. and Voss, C.A., 2010. Service design for
experience-centric
services. Journal of Service Research, 13(1), pp.67-82.
19
5. Appendices
Notes from classes
20
70. Programme : M.A Design Management
Module : Professional and Academic Skills (PAS) 1
Date of Submission : 10th January 2019
Word Count : 3277
PORTFOLIO
2
Table of Contents
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
..................................................................................... 3
Introduction
...............................................................................................
............................. 3
Mind Map
...............................................................................................
.................................. 6
Thinking Process
...............................................................................................
.................... 7
LITERATURE REVIEW
...............................................................................................
71. .... 9
Direction
...............................................................................................
................................... 9
Overview of the research topic
......................................................................................... 13
Infographic
...............................................................................................
............................. 16
REFLECTIVE COMMENTARY
..................................................................................... 17
Reflection
...............................................................................................
............................... 17
Planning
...............................................................................................
................................. 19
List of Images & Tables
...............................................................................................
....... 21
List of
References..............................................................................
.................................. 22
Appendices
...............................................................................................
.................... 27
72. Notes from class
...............................................................................................
................... 27
CV
...............................................................................................
............................................ 34
PORTFOLIO
3
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Introduction
Humans took the first flight on December 17, 1903, when
Wright brothers Orville and
Wilbur made history by flying the first airplane for 12 seconds
covered 120 feet (37m)
(Renstrom, 2002). After a century of this first flight, the airline
industry continued its
growth and became $885 billion worth industry now (IATA
Industry Statistics - Fact
Sheet, 2018). According to IATA’s forecast 7.8 billion people
will travel in airlines by
73. 2036 (iata.org, 2018). This means the industry is expanding at a
tremendous pace.
But despite all the market growth passengers are not satisfied
with airlines services.
According to a survey conducted by IATA on airline passenger
experience,
passengers are disappointed and not considering the airline
travel as worth for the
money they are spending, and this survey points out that
passengers are not satisfied
mainly at airports (IATA Global Passenger Survey, 2018). This
paper is focusing on
increasing customer experience of passengers at airports using
mobile applications
that can help them to easily navigate to each stage and access
airport facilities easily.
A departure passenger needs to go through certain stages in an
airport which includes
- check-in and baggage drop, immigration control, security and
baggage checking,
enter the departure hall, proceed to gate and board the flight;
for an arrival passenger
the process consists of – disembark from the flight, immigration
clearance, security
74. check and baggage collection (Patel, 2018). For a passenger at
the airport the goal
is to easily go through each stage quickly as possible and board
the flight, but for an
airport, the goal is to handle each stage efficiently (Radaha,
2013, Cave et al., 2014).
Passengers normally use different types of visual elements like
airport signages to
navigate in the airport, but in most cases, passengers navigate in
the airport with other
passengers or airline staffs (Cave et al., 2014). Most of the
flight disruptions happen
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due to passenger delays (Radaha, 2013). An airport needs to
manage different types
of passengers daily – those who fly frequently, those who fly
occasionally and those
who are traveling for the first time and for a passenger
wayfinding is pointed out as
the most difficult tasks in the airport (Cave et al., 2014). It is
also been noted that
75. passengers do not even use signage to navigate in the airport
and in this scenario, a
mobile application capable of indoor navigation can be a useful
option (Radaha, 2013,
Cave et al., 2014). This is because of the growing trend that
apart from communication
people are more depending on their mobile phones for
entertainment and navigational
purposes (Radaha, 2013). Also due to internet penetration,
mobile phones are
becoming a standard device to access the internet and it is
becoming a standard
accessory for all travelers (Wang et al., 2014).
To give better service to passenger's airports needs to increase
capabilities and
infrastructure. They need to create different ways to increase
their revenue for
development and innovation purposes (BATTAL and BAKIR,
2017). Passenger
volume is an important factor to increase revenue and to
increase customer
attractiveness airports needs to provide good service and need
to constantly innovate
76. (Tenge, 2015). According to surveys conducted by international
agencies and Airport
Council International (ACI), increasing the Airport Service
Quality (ASQ) is an
important parameter to increase customer experience at airports
(Bezerra and
Gomes, 2015).
User Experience for digital products
User experience has multiple definitions and in the context of
digital products, it is
associated with the improvement of digital products that people
used which includes
websites, mobile applications, tablets, smartwatches and kiosks
(Hole and Williams,
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5
2007). Currently, digital product success is mainly associated
with its high-quality user
experience and because of this reason companies are currently
marketing their
77. products as an experience not as products (Hole and Williams,
2007). User experience
mainly consists of three parts - perception of instrumental
qualities, emotional user
reactions and perception of non-instrumental qualities; these
factors combined to give
a final output of a product’s experience like overall judgment,
the choice between
alternatives and usage behavior (Mahlke, 2007). In more detail,
user experience
measure of a product can be done with factors like usefulness,
ease of use, visual
aesthetic, haptic quality and symbolic quality (Mahlke, 2007).
To help a passenger in
an airport it is important to understand the human navigation
process and how it is
working in each situation (Cave et al., 2014). There are mainly
three points that are
associated with functions of navigation – current location, other
places in the related
to the location and How to get there? (Maguire, E., 1998).
This essay is structured in five parts – Mind map of the problem
statement, explanation
78. of the mind map – thinking process, literature review, reflective
commentary and the
plan to improve professional and academic skills.
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Mind Map
Figure 1:Mind Map for Airport
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7
Thinking Process
According to Hammond and Czaban (2016), airline passengers
can be mainly divided
into business and leisure passengers and each category has a
different set of airport
needs. Once passenger reached the airport, check-in desk is the
first contact point for
79. the passenger unless the passenger not choose to check-in
online, after that
passenger proceeds to baggage drop, immigration control,
security check and enters
the departure hall after that passenger can use airport facilities
like - restaurants, duty
free shops, coffee shops, etc or can proceed to the boarding
gate to board the flight
(Radaha, 2013 and Paloma, 2017). The waiting time at each
stage affect the
passenger’s overall airport experience; less waiting time makes
passengers happier
(Paloma, 2017). In all stages of an airport, passengers have to
make a decision quickly
in a short amount of time (Radaha, 2013). These all factors
affect passenger’s overall
satisfaction level in airports. Passengers perception of overall
quality is based on the
satisfaction with each preceding stage in the services (Brady
and Cronin, 2001, Falk,
Hammerschmidt and Schepers, 2009). So, it is important to give
passengers a well-
connected experience at each stage of the airport to increase
their overall satisfaction
80. level. The passenger increase in each year and developments in
the air transport
industry is pushing airports around the world to distinguishing
themselves in the
market for customer attraction and retention (Pabedinskaitė and
Akstinaitė, 2013).
Currently, airports are also becoming a deciding factor to
choose a travel destination.
According to a survey conducted by Airports Council
International, airline passengers
currently have more options to choose an airport (Pabedinskaitė
and Akstinaitė, 2013).
According to Oum, Yu and Fu (2003), airlines also likes to
operate to those airports
which are efficient and by doing so airlines can reduce the
operating cost and in turn,
they can increase the quality of passenger services.
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To help passengers to easily go through each process a
smartphone mobile
81. application can be used which can help passengers to navigate
indoor through each
stage and provide information about the airport’s facilities and
maps (Radaha, 2013).
The mobile app can help passengers to get through stages by
navigating to the exact
location, once reached the departure hall passengers can search
for airport facilities
like retail outlets, restaurants, stores, leisure activities, business
centers, silence
zones, hotels and after that proceed to the assigned boarding
gate to board the flight.
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9
LITERATURE REVIEW
Direction
Major airports around the world are investing heavily in signs
and wayfinding systems
to guide passengers in airports but the study shows that
82. passengers still have difficulty
in reaching the boarding gate on time (Cave et al., 2014).
Usually, the passenger
needs to go through three stages at airports before reaching the
departure hall, check-
in at the airport, baggage management and security check and
these processes will
take an average of 1.5 to 3 hours and this is mainly because of
long queues at each
stage (Patel, 2018). According to Cave et al., (2014) the airport
stage can be divided
into two group – processing and discretionary and each consists
of the following items,
1. Processing – also called legal and regulatory stage
a. Check-in
b. Security
c. Customs
d. Flight Boarding
2. Discretionary
a. Retail shopping
83. b. Dining
c. Leisure activities
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The main goal of a passenger in the airport is to navigate in the
busy environment and
take the decision in a small amount of time and proceed to the
boarding gate to board
the flight (Radaha, 2013). Human navigation is a complex
process which is based on
cognition and physical ability, this involves the movement
through an environment
using the perceived environmental elements and the with
cognition to reach an
intended destination (Cave et al., 2014). Cognitive abilities are
mainly associated with
the previous experience of the environment and the strategies
used in the past to
navigate in the similar environment; while physical abilities are
depended on the sense
84. which can vary from person to person (Cave et al., 2014). For
example, some
passengers have an excellent vision while some have limited
eyesight (Cave et al.,
2014). This means that it is a challenge to passengers in most of
the cases to reach
the boarding gates on time. Delayed passengers can affect not
only their flights but
also other flights and the airport (Cave et al., 2014). According
to Wu (2005) most of
the flight disruptions are due to missing of check-in passengers
at the terminal or
passengers who are late by the connection. Scandinavian
Airlines reported 4% of flight
delays at Copenhagen Airport and this was mainly due to
passengers who arrived at
the boarding gate late (Radaha, 2013).
Currently, airports are competing for each other to attract
customers to increase
airports revenue (Pabedinskaitė and Akstinaitė, 2013). The
below table shows
Europe’s five busiest airport’s revenue from 2008 to 2015
(BATTAL and BAKIR, 2017),
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Table 1:Europe’s five busiest airport’s revenue from 2008 to
2015
Airports /
Years Heathrow
Charles de
Gaulle Frankfurt
İstanbul
Atatürk Schiphol
(m £) (m £) (m £) (m £) (m £)
2008 1528 2428.8 2101.6 1088.3 1153
2009 1697 2512.7 1972.6 1232.2 1155
2010 1855 2482.9 2194.6 1418.4 1180
2011 1895 2587.7 2371.2 1887 1278
2012 2222 2736 2442 1773.5 1353
86. 2013 2474 2858.8 2375.1 2062.9 1382
2014 2693 2891 2394.6 2532.9 1438
2015 2745 2917 2598.9 2967 1423
The above table shows the increasing revenue trend from 2008
to 2015. Due to these
increasing trend airports must prepare for the future. There is a
development trend all
over the world is happening in the airport industry related to the
infrastructure. Airports
in the 1980s mainly offered transport support for customers; in
1980-1990 airport
started offering retail outlets, restaurants, and customer services
and from 2010
airports started to evolve as a diversified business center which
includes leisure
activities, business parks and hotels (Kramer, 2010). One of the
main factors
associated with customer retention and attraction is the good
experience that they are
getting while traveling through the airport (Pabedinskaitė and
Akstinaitė, 2013). Also,
from a revenue generation perspective, analyzing passenger
behavior is an important
87. factor, which will help airports to target passengers to make
them spend more in the
airport shopping facilities. It has been noted that transfer
passengers are likely to
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spend more time in the airport (Rietveld and Brons, 2001. Cited
in Park et al., 2018,
page 68). The amenities that required by transfer passengers are
– convenience,
cleanliness, attractiveness, amusement, pleasantness, and
functionality (Park et al.,
2018). Transfer passengers need to undergo a different process
from the ordinary
departing passengers, and they are more likely to use the
airport's amenities like duty-
free shops and restaurants (Yoon, 2012. Cited in Park et al.,
2018, page 69). To
increase the revenues from airports facilities like duty-free
shops and restaurants it is
important for airports to understand the emotional responses of
both departures as
88. well as transfer passengers because it plays a crucial role in
purchases (Park et al.,
2018). If the passenger is under stress then it will affect their
purchasing behavior
(Cave et al., 2014).
In the current business scenario customer’s good experience is
becoming an
important goal to companies and if the customer satisfaction
increased this will
become the positive word of mouth communication or can create
loyal customers
(Park, 2007, Lin and Sun, 2009). A loyal customer is those
customers that mainly
purchase a firm’s products or services and do not want to switch
to other company’s
products or services (Lin and Sun, 2009).
A mobile application can solve many obstacles that are facing
by passengers currently
in the airport like difficulty in navigation and to reach the
boarding gate on time (Cave
et al., 2014). Mobile technology is already popular in the travel
industry and is now
89. becoming a standard travel gadget for a passenger and through
mobile application
real-time updates can be sent easily to the user and applications
are easy to update
and configure (Radaha, 2013). According to a study,
smartphone user is the major
mobile subscribers and accounted for 50.4% of the total
subscribers (Radaha, 2013).
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13
Overview of the research topic
This research is about how to provide a good experience to a
passenger in an airport
with the help of a mobile application. According to Hammond
and Czaban (2016) the
factors that influence a customer to select an airport are,
1. Convenience
a. Parking
b. Check-in options
90. c. Security
d. Transit connectivity
e. Layout Accessibility
2. Airport Amenities
a. Restaurant & Bars
b. Shops
c. Airline Lounge
d. Wi-Fi access
e. Computer counters
3. Travel reception of airports
a. Impression of airports
b. Customer service
All the above features need to provide to customers and a
method needs to provide
to access these facilities with efficiency and easiness, this will
help to increase
customer satisfaction (Patel, 2018). When a customer is booking
a ticket or choosing
an airport, they are going through a nested decision phase in
which combination of
91. factors are considered (Ndoh et al., 1990). According to Suzuki
(2007), travelers use
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a two-stage process for trip evaluation - they first identify
alternative options which are
acceptable to them and from these options screen the possible
ones, then they select
their final choice. Currently, some category of air travelers first
selects airports before
selecting the airline (Ishii et al., 2009).
Passengers are looking for good experience at airports while
airports are mainly
concerned about the efficiency (Wu, 2005). One of the main
factors affecting the
airports efficiency is the delay passengers which include
passengers those cannot find
their way to the assigned boarding gate, lost within the airport
facilities, forget the flight
time, unable to hear the gate change announcements through
public address systems,
92. unable to read and understand signages, etc (Radaha, 2013). If a
passenger is not
happy with an airport, then there is a chance that they consider
other options in the
future and this can also happen to regular customers also. Many
customers in a
business change or switch a company even if they are happy
with the service offerings
(Keaveney, 1995). This scenario is called customer switching,
which results in losing
a loyal customer and it’s is very costly for the companies to
regain them back
(Reichheld and Teal, 2001; Zeithaml et al., 1996; Roos et al.,
2004. Cited in Hammond
and Czaban, 2016, page 106). According to Hammond and
Czaban (2016), there any
mainly two type of airport switching done by the traveler when
choosing an airport –
Transactional switching and Systematic switching and each
consists of the following
factors,
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a. Transactional switching - Customer select a different airport
based on price and
itinerary.
b. Systematic switching – Customer purges the preferred airport
over a new one
and even if they are loyal customers.
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Infographic
Figure 2:Airport stages (Cave et al., 2014)
94. PORTFOLIO
17
REFLECTIVE COMMENTARY
Reflection
Increasing airports efficiency and facilities with easy navigation
can create a good
experience for passengers (Graham, 2013). According to Kramer
(2010),
Pabedinskaitė et al. (2013), Hammond and Czaban (2016) and
Han et al., (2018)
airports need to concentrate on the below factors for increasing
customer experience,
ion of airports.
business hub.
According to Radaha (2013), an indoor mobile map application
will help passengers
to have hassle-free airport navigation. This study didn’t discuss
95. the user experience
aspects required for indoor navigation.
According to Keaveney (1995), there are many factors that
customers are considering
when selecting an airport for the travel. But in this paper, there
is no discussion
regarding the requirement for a mobile application than can help
the passenger to
navigate in an airport. Also, there is a research gap in airport
layouts, whether it’s
same across the industry or is there any standard layout for
airports, so that the
passenger can easily navigate in all airports and the problem of
unfamiliarity doesn’t
occur.
There are very limited papers available regarding the user
experience standards that
is required for an airport navigation mobile app. From a user
experience point of view,
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96. 18
the factors required for designing a mobile app for indoor
navigation is mainly based
on context and most of the features can be included based on
the contextual
awareness properties of the smartphone (Google.co.uk, 2019).
That is the mobile
application can detect the passenger position and give the
instruction to proceed from
the current position to complete the tasks at the airport.
There can be a list of research questions can be derived from
this literature review
like,
airports?
passenger’s
nationality?
-party
application, in that
case, what can be done to implement the app for that particular
airport?
97. PORTFOLIO
19
Planning
A solid understanding of design management principles is
required to secure a
management job in the design domain. For this purpose, a solid
academic and
professional skills need to be developed. This section discusses
the plan required to
improve those skills.
The author wants to focus career in user experience design
industry. A user
experience designer requires - user research skill, problem
analysis, team
collaboration, usability testing, wireframing, prototyping,
interaction design, visual
communication and knowledge of best practices in the industry.
As an experienced
UX designer, the author wants to change the career from a
98. design practitioner to a
design manager. The author is currently pursuing M.A. Design
Management from
Southampton University at Winchester School of Arts. The core
and optional modules
in this course will help the author to achieve the career goals.
The module Design
Management will help to develop different design management
practices, cultural
origins of design and design research in different industries,
Professional and
Academic Skills modules in semester 1 & 2 will help to develop
the research skill which
is one of the main requirements to be a good designer. Through
the Strategic Design
Management and Marketing module, the author can develop the
marketing skills
required in the design industry. With the optional module
Creative Thinking and
Problem Solving the author can develop a creative problem-
solving skill set. Through
the dissertation in the second semester, the author is planning to
focus on a specific
industry and conduct design research to solve a problem in that
99. particular industry.
The author has experience in the enterprise as well as
consumer-based applications
in business domains like travel, transportation, hospitality, oil
& gas, and Fintech.
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20
These business domains are considered as the most challenging
ones for design
because of its complexity. But working in this domain helped
the author to gain
knowledge in problem-solving and analysis which is helping to
easily understand the
academic modules. The author is working as a volunteer for the
United Nations Online
Volunteer Program. This help to develop skills like analyze a
problem in the society
and apply design thinking to give a solution; also, this will give
basic understanding of
social entrepreneurship. The author is also planning to apply for
graduate jobs scheme
100. and internship options at different digital design companies in
the United Kingdom.
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21
List of Images & Tables
Figure 1- Mind map for Airport
Figure 2 (Infographic): Connected Traveler. Stages at airport
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101. Table 1: Europe’s five busiest airport’s revenue from 2008 to
2015 from - BATTAL,
U. AND BAKIR, M. (2017). The Current Situation and Change
in Airport Revenues:
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https://www.iata.org/pressroom/pr/Pages/2017-10-24-01.aspx
https://www.iata.org/pressroom/pr/Pages/2017-10-24-01.aspx
121. PORTFOLIO
31
PORTFOLIO
32
PORTFOLIO
33
Drawing mind mapsYou will be asked to draw a mind map of a
research topic, based on your own interest in Design
Management. You need to present the mind map on week 7.
This is a formative exercise.
What is a mind map?
A mind map is an easy way to brainstorm thoughts organically
without worrying about order and structure. It allows you to
visually structure your ideas to help with analysis and recall. A
mind map is a diagram for representing tasks, words, concepts,
or items linked to and arranged around a central concept or
subject using a non-linear graphical layout that allows the user
122. to build an intuitive framework around a central concept.
How you should work?
In groups of 4-5, use the book borrowed from us (Design
Management, from Kathryn Best) to guide your ideas about the
areas you’re interested. You should discuss your ideas with
your group on a weekly basis.
How to start?
Borrow the book from us. You need to give the name of all
members of the group. Remember that it is your responsibility
to take care of this book! You need to meet in groups and start
thinking about the areas that you’re interested. You don’t have
to have the same mind map!
Why are you borrowing this book?
The book contains a good amount of references and definitions
around Design Management. We would like you to expand your
research and use this book as an initial reference. Do not limit
yourself to the book. When asked to bring references around
your topic, please bring journal papers.
How do I find a topic?
Read about the area, then look for keywords related to that area.
As soon as narrow it a bit more, it will become a topic. You
should also consider your professional interests.
Possible areas to discuss (not limited to):
· Design and brand management
· Sustainable design
· Design for the future
· Inclusive design
· Brand experience design
· Creativity and innovation
· Entrepreneurship and design
123. · Service design
Task 1. Answer the questions
What do you know about that area?
How does this area fit your professional interests? Why are you
interested in this area?
Can you give a definition of the main terms?
Term name
Definition
References
What are the main debates and trends in the area? Please give 2.
Give a list of 2 main authors in the area and summarise their
thoughts using a table. These should be journal papers.
Author name and paper title (Harvad reference)
Thoughts
124. Task 2. Create a mind map
A mind map is a visual representation of your thinking process.
It starts with a main area and it expands to other subareas.
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