The document discusses a research project that uses a smartphone app to collect subjective travel experience data from individuals. The app will provide feedback to users about their own experiences as well as those of others. The researchers aim to see if these interventions can change travel behaviors and reduce emissions. They will draw on theories from behavioral economics, psychology, and technology acceptance. An important goal is to pilot and refine the app to make it more usable and understand its impact on travel choices over multiple trials involving both strangers and friends.

2.  Experience sampling system via smartphone
platform
 Collection and delivery of information on subjective
travel experience.
 Trials will feedback information to individuals
 their own experiences
 those of others
 Do these interventions change behaviour?
2

3.  Reduce travel emissions through behavioural change.
 Experienced utility vs. decision utility
 Does reflection on experience cause people to think
differently about the journeys
 … does this promote behaviour change
 Motivated by own wellbeing (optimal time-use), not
environmental issues per se.
3

4.  Theories
 Behavioural economics
 Psychology
 Technology acceptance
 Existing evidence
 Transport behaviour change
 Measuring subjective wellbeing
 App development and piloting
 Ethics approval

5.  homo economicus:-
vs.
 homo (Homer!!) sapiens:-
5

6. Habit Seminar
“Researchers came together from across
the UK and Europe to discuss habits at the
Institute of Health & Society at Newcastle
University on Monday 23rd April 2012”

7. Kassinen (2005) adapted TAM for mobile use:

9. Literature review: measuring subjective well-being

11. To this ...

13. And problems that hadn’t occurred to us before ...
‘smileys ‘ vs. ‘sliders’ vs. ‘numeric’

15. Automatic mode detection

16. • Iterative • Ensure all • Develop app to • Develop app to
development of problems in pilot suit use better suit use better
app to improve have been solved • What is the • What is the
usability • What is the impact of feeding impact of feeding
• Add/ remove impact of feeding back strangers back friends info?
features back own info? info?
• Recognise issues
PILOT TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2 TRIAL 3
• The user on his/ • The user on his/ • The user • The user
her own her own interacting with interacting with
• Interested in • Interested in persons not persons known to
change? change? known to them them
• Interested in • Interested and
change? uninterested in
change?

17. Sampling Traveller Experiences
Toolkit Architecture
(1) Researcher
Reflect Server
Data
Database
(Trigger
vision Question
Manager
Configures Network
Handler Scripts,
experience (UI) Sampled
Interface
survey Data)
Rules/Conditi
ons Manager
(2) Deploy
survey XML
scripts to
chosen user
Mobile devices
Sensor A Sensor B Sensor C
(5) Send
Aggregator Aggregator experience
Network
User Interface responses
(3) Context
vision
Prefs Context Manager
matches survey
trigger condition
Callback Handler Question Manager
(e.g. arrived at a
specific
Display/Question
location)
(4) Appropriate question notification is displayed in-situ &
response collected

18. Presented at “RCUK Digital Economy All Hands event”:
Future Work ...
Develop a common platform for storing journey data from participants for two EPSRC
projects and two TSB projects.
• build-up a repository of sensed data (GPS trajectories, journey times, journey experience samples, user-
generated content) for travel applications
• Minimise ‘cold-start’ problem for future participatory sensing & crowd-sourcing applications
• Added-value for existing silos of sensed data
REFLECT
Driving Tutor
Open Platform

19. Currently debating …
feedback of journey experience

20. www.thereflectproject.org