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Reflections on Architectural Design - خواطر عن التصميم المعمارى
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Reflections on Architectural Design - خواطر عن التصميم المعمارى 13 3-2014
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Reflections on Architectural Design - خواطر عن التصميم المعمارى
1.
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻋﻦ
ﺧﻮﺍﻁﺮ 13-3-2014 ﺩ.ﻣﺤﺠﻮﺏ ﻳﺎﺳﺮ ﺍﻻﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻋﻨﺪﻯ ﺍﺛﺎﺭﺕ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺲ ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﻬﻢ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ -ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ"ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﺳﻢ"ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺍ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻭﻣﻌﺒﺮﺍ ﻣﻤﻴﺰﺍ.ﻓﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ "ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ"ﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﻤﺎ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻟﻮﻅﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﺻﻒ ﻫﻮ.ﻭﻫﺪﻑ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ.ﺍﺳﻤﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﻓﻜﻤﺎ.ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ"ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ"ﻭﻣﻀﻤﻮﻥ ﺗﺼ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﻌﺒﺮﻭﺷﻜﻠﻪ ﻭﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻪ ﻤﻴﻤﻪ.ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻟﻬﺎ.ﻫﻰ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ:ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺳﻞ. ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ.ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻣﻌﻄﻰ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﻢ ﺍﺫﺍ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺗﻬﺎ.ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻪ)ﻭﻭﻅﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﻉ(ﻭﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ.ﻋﻦ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻭﻓﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﺧﻴﻼ ﺍﻭ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻪﻭﺫﻭ ﻣﻤﻴﺰﺍﻣﺘﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ.ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻭﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻭﻁﺮﻕ.ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻪ ﻭﻣﺤﻴﻄﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﻭﻅﺎﺋﻒ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﺎ. ﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﻮﻅﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ"ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤﺔ"ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ. ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ.ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ"ﻣﻜﺎﻥ"ﻣﻌﻪ ﻳﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻳﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ.ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻳﺮﻛﺰﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻤﻮﻥ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﻰﻭﺃﺣﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺳﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﻮﻥ ﻭﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﺜﻴﺮﺓ"ﻳﻌﻴﺶ"ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻰ. ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﻨﺒﻊ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻭﻳﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻻﻧﺴ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻔﺎء ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺎﺩ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺳﻮﺍء ﺣﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻰﻳﻘﺘﺮﺣﻬﺎ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺛﻞ ﺍﻭ ﺠﺎﻡ ﻓﻜﺮﺗﻪ ﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ.ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻔﺘﻪ.ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﺗﻮﻓﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻭﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻻﻧﺸﺎء ﻭﻁﺮﻕ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻰ ﻣﻤﺎ.ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻳﺘﺠﻪ
2.
)ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﻴﻦ ﻭﺣﺘﻰ(ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ
ﻭﻣﺤﻴﻄﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻟﻤﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻡ ﺍﻭ ، ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺝ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺭﺏ ﺍﺷﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺘﺒﺴﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﻣﻼﻗﻒ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻻﺣﻮﺍﺵ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ. ﻹﺿﻔﺎء ﻣﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﺸﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ"ﻫﻮﻳﺔ"ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ"ﺗﻐﻠﻴﻔﻪ"ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻠﻚ.ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﺿﻔﺎء ﻣﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯﻧﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻧﻨﺎ ﺍﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻣﺘ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﻟﻤﺔ ﺍﻧﺘﺠﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻫﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﻤﻖ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ ﻭﻳﺠﺐﻭﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺭﻭﺛﺎﺕ ﺰﺟﺖ ﻭﺗﺠﺰﺭ ﺑﻌﻤﻖ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ .ﺍﻧﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻻﻑ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻠﻘﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﻭﻁﺮﻕ ﺍﻻﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺠﻮﻡ ﺍﻻﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻻﻯ.ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﺎﺕ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺑﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻁﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﺪﺭﺳﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﻋﻜﺴﺖ.ﺍﻧﻌﻜﺎﺱ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎ ﻫﻰ ﻓﺎﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓ.ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﻧﺸﻬﺪﻩ ﻭﻣﺎﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﻬﺪﻩ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺍﻧﻌﻜﺎﺱ ﻫﻰ ﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺛﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﺣﺪﺛﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻟﻠﻌﻮﻟﻤﺔ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻻﺣﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻭﺭﻓﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﻧﺒﺬ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﺤﻈﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻳﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻪ ﻣﺘﺼﻼ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻓﺎﺻﺒﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ. ﻭﺍﻟﻔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻓﺎﺧﺘﻔﺖﻭﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻀﺎءﺍﺕ.ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻭﺃﺻﺒﺢ"ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ"ﻭ"ﻣﺴﻄﺤﺎ"ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺗﻔﺼﻠﻪ ﻻ ﺍﻻﺯﻣﺎﻥ.ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺠﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﺍﺛﺔ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺠﺘﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﺳﺒﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ ﻭﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺋﻠﺔ.ﺍ ﺗﺄﺛﺮﺕﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺩﻳﻨﻴﺎ ﺣﻀﺎﺭﻳﺎ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻓﺎﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺎﺕﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻮﺩ ﻛﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻅﻬﻮﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ.ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺛﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﻞ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﻮﺭﺓ ﻛﺒ ﻛﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻋﻰ. ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻭﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺪﺃ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤﺔ
3.
ﻳﺤﻘﻖ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ
ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ"ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤﺔ"ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ )ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻅﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ(ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ)ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ(ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ)ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ.(ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ"ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤﺔ"ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ ﻫﻮﻓﺒﺪﻭﻥ ،ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﺍﺩﻯ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﺩﻯ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺪﻣﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ.ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﻄﺎء ﺍﻛﺒﺮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺗﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﻻ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻣﺘﻜﺮﺭﺓ ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻊ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﻻ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺳﻮﻯﻻﺧﺮﻯ.ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪﻻ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺗﻮﺯﻉ ﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻜﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﺍﺭ.ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻟﻠﻌﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻓﻊ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺗﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﺍﻻﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺑﻬﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﺗﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻻ ﻧﻤﻄﻴﺔ ﻣﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺮﺭﺓﻭﺍﻹﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺗﻔﺘﻘﺮ.ﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺹ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮﺓ ﻻﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻳﻦ. ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ-3ﺕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻭﻟﻠﻮﺻﻞ"ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻢﺃﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ"ﻫﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺑﻤﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻳﻤﺮ:ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ. 1-ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ-ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻭﻫﻰ ﺑﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ"ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ"-ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻅﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺍﺗﻪ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ.ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺑ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﻓﻬﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻊ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺸﻜﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ ﺗﺼﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ.ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ.ﺟﻤﻴ ﺗﻨﺒﻊﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺍﺕ.ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻓﻰ ﻓﺸﻞ ﺍﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻟﻠﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ"ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤﺔ" ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ. 2-ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﻤﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺠﻮﻡ ﻟﻸﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻓﻰ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ.ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻳﻌﻤﺪﺑﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺣﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻰ )ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ3ﺍﻭ5(ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻼﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻭ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻴﻞ.ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﻤﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻳﺤﻘﻘﻪ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻤﻬﺎ.ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﺘﺴﻢ ﺍﻧﺤ ﺍﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﺑﻤﻐﺎﻟﻄﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﻴﺎﺯﻷﺣﺪﻫﺬﻩﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺟﺎءﺓ ﺍﻭ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻔﻀﻞ ﻛﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺷﺨﺼﻰ ﺭﺃﻯ ﺍﻭ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻗﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ.ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺣﻠﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ ﻭﻣﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻓﺎﻕ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻻ ﺍﻻﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺘﺴﻢ)ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ(ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﺍﺩﺍء ﻭﻣﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﻐﺮﺽ"ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻧﺔ ﺳﺪ"ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻘﻂﻻﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺣﻠﻮﻝ.ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻣﻼﺋﻢ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻟﻢ ﺍﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﺣﻠﻮﻝ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ ﻴﻢ ﻭﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﻧﺠﺎﺣﺎ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻭﺗﺼﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ.
4.
3-ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻭ
ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻴﻦ ﺍﻭ ﻋﻤﻼء ﺍﻭ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺎﺗﺬﺓ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺗﺘﺴﻢ ﻫﺆﻻء ﻛﻞ)ﻓﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻻﺣﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻓﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻎﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﺣﻴﺎﻥ(ﺍﻻﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻰ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺪ ﻻ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻫﻰ.ﺍﻭ ﺑﻨﻮﺩ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻗﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩ ﺷﺨﺼﻰ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﺘﻢ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻭ ﻟﻠﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ.ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻡ ﻭﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻳﻘ ﻓﻘﺪ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﺱ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻭ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻥ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻮﻡﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻳﻔﺘﻘﺪ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﺬﺍﺏ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﺮ.ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﺑﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﺭﻓﺾ ﺍﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺡ ﺍﻭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ.ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺖ ﺍﺫﺍﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﺩﻣﺎﺝ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺡ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻞ.ﺗﺼﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻭﻣﺎﻛﻴﺘﺎﺕ ﺭﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﻧﻄﺒﺎﻉ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ.ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺧﺒﺮﺍء ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﻭﻳﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺗﺼﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﻮﻓﺮﻩ ﻟﻤﺎﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻗﻊﻏﻴﺮ ﻳﺘﻔﻬﻤﻪﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ.ﻓﻴﺮﻛﺰﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﻘﺔ ﻭﺧﺒﺮﺍﺗﻬﻢ ﻭﺗﺼﻮﺭﺍﺗﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ.ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻳﻔﺮ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻓﻰ.ﺑﻌﺾ ﻧﺠﺪ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽﺼﻴﻦ.ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎء ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺇﺩﻣﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﻰ ﺍﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﻓﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﺔ.ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔﻭﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻧﻘﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﺼﻞ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺧﺒﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻥ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺗﻪ ﻟﺨﺒﺮﺍﺗﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ. ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﺏ 5ﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻜﻞ5ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ3ﻓﻘﻂ.ﻭﺗﺍﻟﺘﺎء ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺟﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺒﺪﺃ"ﺕ"ﻭﻫﻰ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ:
5.
1-ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻬﻴﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ 2-ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ 3-ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ 4-ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ 5-ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻻﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﺍﻧ ﻓﻰ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻻﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﺍﻥﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺘﺎﺝﻣﺜﻴﺮﻩ"ﻳﻘﻮﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻬﺎ.ﻓﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﺕ ﻭﻛﻤﺎﺍﻹﺛﺎﺭﺓ"ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻠﻴﺔﺁﻻﻑﺍﻧﺘﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦﻭﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺎﺕﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﻔﺮﻕ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻭ ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺍﺳ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻥ ﺣﻴﺚ ،ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ.ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤ ﺳﻮﺍء ﺍﻻﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺭﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻻﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎﻘﺍﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﺝ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺼﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻰ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ.ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺕ ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑﻭﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ"ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺋﻤﺔ"ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺮﻭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ. ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺡ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺫﺍﺩﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﺫﺍﺩﺕ ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ. ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺗﺆﺛﺮﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ.ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﻭﻣﻊ ﻭﻧﺠﺎﺣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﺑﺬﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺩﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ ﻓﻰ.ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻓﺒﻌﺪ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﻀﻤﻨﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺔ ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻁﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﻟﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺴﻤﺎﺕ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻛ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﻅﻬﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻛﻴﺘﺎﺕﻮﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ. ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﻮﻓﺮﻩ ﻣﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢﻂﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﻭ ﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺤﺎﻭﻻﺕ ﻣﻦﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎﻻ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﺗﻘﺘﺮﺏﺍﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻅﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻻﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻧﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ.ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻁﻮﻳﻼ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺯﺍﻝ ﻭﻣﺎ. ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﺛﻞﻟﻠﻤﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﻧﺮﺳﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻧﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻴﻢ.ﻭﺟﻤﻞ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺼﻮﺹ ﻭ ﻭﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ.ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺸﻜﻴﻼﺕ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥﻭﺃﺟﺰﺍءﻭﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ.ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻰﻭﺍﻟ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ.ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻭﻳﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﻟﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎﻭﻣﺒﺎﺩﺋﻬﺎ.ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻫﻰ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﻨﺘﻤﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ"ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ"ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ.ﻳ ﻗﺪﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺘﻤﻜﻦ
6.
ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺎﻁﺐ ﺍﻭ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻧﻄﻖ ﻭﻁﺮﻕ ﻭﺩﻻﻻﺗﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺛﻢ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﻧﺼﻮﺹ ﻓﻰ.ﻁﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﺘﻤﺎﺛﻞﻭﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺸﻜﻴﻼﺕ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻠﻬﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﻭﺃﺟﺰﺍءﻭﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ.ﺍﻟ ﻭﺑﺘﻠﻚﻠﻳﺮ ﻐﺔﺳﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ ﻞﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊﺍﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﻳﺘﻠﻘﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ. ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﺛﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ------------------------------- ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺭﺟﺎء"ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ"ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ
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