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Rediscovering
Modularity
JFall 2012
Hart Van Holland, Nijkerk
chris.chedgey@structure101.com
Information hiding
 Defined interface
                                   Clear responsibility

                 Modularity
                        Coupling

Encapsulation                       Abstraction
             Cohesion
Information hiding Clear responsibility
 Defined interface




                         Coupling Abstraction
Encapsulation
              Cohesion        Modularity
Complexity

                Composition

   Cyclomatic
   Complexity
     (CC)
Encapsulate
Information hiding Clear responsibility
 Defined interface




                         Coupling Abstraction
Encapsulation
              Cohesion        Modularity
Complexity

             Composition

 Compositional
  Complexity
    (CC)
Encapsulate
Information hiding?Clear responsibility
 Defined interface?




                         Coupling? Abstraction
Encapsulation
              Cohesion       Modularity?
Complexity

                Composition

Compositional
 Complexity       Hierarchical
   (CC)           => Scalable
Dependencies
Dependencies
Cost… as code-base grows…
  •   Cost per feature increases
  •   Unexpected impacts of change
  •   Unreliable schedules
  •   Test cycles increase
  •   Reuse less
  •   Value of your code base declines
Technical Debt
Technical Debt
Technical Debt
Technical Debt
Refactoring   Restructuring
Refactoring                  Restructuring
•   “Changing code without   •   “Reorganizing a code-base
    modifying behavior to        without modifying the code to
    improve nonfunctional        improve modularity”
    attributes.”
Refactoring                  Restructuring
•   “Changing code without   •   “Reorganizing a code-base
    modifying behavior to        without modifying the code to
    improve nonfunctional        improve modularity”
    attributes.”
                             •   Code-base is understandable
•   Code is readable
Refactoring                          Restructuring
•   “Changing code without           •   “Reorganizing a code-base
    modifying behavior to                without modifying the code to
    improve nonfunctional                improve modularity”
    attributes.”
                                     •   Code-base is understandable
•   Code is readable
                                     •   Minimal invasive code editing
•   A lot of invasive code editing
Refactoring                           Restructuring
•   “Changing code without            •   “Reorganizing a code-base
    modifying behavior to improve         without modifying the code to
    nonfunctional attributes.”            improve modularity”
•   Code is readable                  •   Code-base is understandable
•   A lot of invasive code editing    •   Minimal invasive code editing
•   Scope: small worlds of a few      •   Scope: whole code base; what
    classes at a time; what you see       you don’t see in the IDE
    in the IDE.
Restructure101

  Structure101
Restructure101

  Structure101
Restructure101

  Structure101
Summary
Keep CC and tangles out
Stop debt growing (Keep a Lid on It - KALOI)
Restructuring is an option!
Define modular structure
Communicate and enforce
Evolve architecture with iterations

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Rediscovering Modularity - JFall 2012 version

  • 1. Rediscovering Modularity JFall 2012 Hart Van Holland, Nijkerk chris.chedgey@structure101.com
  • 2. Information hiding Defined interface Clear responsibility Modularity Coupling Encapsulation Abstraction Cohesion
  • 3.
  • 4. Information hiding Clear responsibility Defined interface Coupling Abstraction Encapsulation Cohesion Modularity
  • 5. Complexity Composition Cyclomatic Complexity (CC)
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 9. Information hiding Clear responsibility Defined interface Coupling Abstraction Encapsulation Cohesion Modularity
  • 10.
  • 11. Complexity Composition Compositional Complexity (CC)
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 15. Information hiding?Clear responsibility Defined interface? Coupling? Abstraction Encapsulation Cohesion Modularity?
  • 16. Complexity Composition Compositional Complexity Hierarchical (CC) => Scalable
  • 17.
  • 19.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30. Cost… as code-base grows… • Cost per feature increases • Unexpected impacts of change • Unreliable schedules • Test cycles increase • Reuse less • Value of your code base declines
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41. Refactoring Restructuring
  • 42. Refactoring Restructuring • “Changing code without • “Reorganizing a code-base modifying behavior to without modifying the code to improve nonfunctional improve modularity” attributes.”
  • 43. Refactoring Restructuring • “Changing code without • “Reorganizing a code-base modifying behavior to without modifying the code to improve nonfunctional improve modularity” attributes.” • Code-base is understandable • Code is readable
  • 44. Refactoring Restructuring • “Changing code without • “Reorganizing a code-base modifying behavior to without modifying the code to improve nonfunctional improve modularity” attributes.” • Code-base is understandable • Code is readable • Minimal invasive code editing • A lot of invasive code editing
  • 45. Refactoring Restructuring • “Changing code without • “Reorganizing a code-base modifying behavior to improve without modifying the code to nonfunctional attributes.” improve modularity” • Code is readable • Code-base is understandable • A lot of invasive code editing • Minimal invasive code editing • Scope: small worlds of a few • Scope: whole code base; what classes at a time; what you see you don’t see in the IDE in the IDE.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 51. Summary Keep CC and tangles out Stop debt growing (Keep a Lid on It - KALOI) Restructuring is an option! Define modular structure Communicate and enforce Evolve architecture with iterations