PRODUCTION OF MEDICATED SOAP USING FLUTTED PUMPKIN

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PRODUCTION OF MEDICATED SOAP USING FLUTTED PUMPKIN
BY
RAPHAEL ABRAHMA
SL/14/2132
SUPERVISOR: DR. M. H. SHAGAL
.
Abstract
The aim of this work is to produce a medicated soap
using Telfairia Occidentalis, extract oils from fluted
pumking seed using soxlet method, avaluate the use
of fluitted pumpking oil in manufacturing of
medictated soap, Ascerting antiseptic properties. The
oil was etracted and found to effective aganst
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and not effective aganst
Staphylococcus aureus.
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Justification
• Telfairia occidentalis is traditionally used by an
estimated 30 to 35 million people indigenous
people in Nigeria including the Efik, Ibibio and
Urhob (Eseyin et al.2005a). However, it is
predominantly used by the Igbo ethnic group, who
continue to cultivate the gourd for food sources and
traditional medicines. A recurring subject in the
Igbo’s folklore, the fluted gourd is noted to have
healing properties and was used as a blood tonic,
to be administered to the weak or ill. It is endemic
to southern Nigeria, and was an asset to the
international food trades of the Igbo ethnic group.
(Nwangwa et al. 2007)
Aim and Objectives
Aim
Produce a medicated soap using Telfaria
occidentalis (commonly called fluted pumpkin ).
Locally called Egusi.
Objectives:
•Extract oils from fluted pumpkin seed using
Soxlet method.
•Evaluate the use of pumpkin oil in manufacturing
medicated soap.
•Ascertain some antiseptic properties of the soap
produced.
Material and Methods
Results
Discussion
References
•Akoroda, M. O. (1990). Ethnobotany of Telfairia
occidentalis (Curcurbitacae) mong Igbos of Nigeria.”
Economics Botany. 29-39.
•Andrew, P. F., (2008). Production of antiseptic soap from
acacia tortilis plant and comparison of the soap with
some conventional antiseptic soap. Department of
chemistry Modibbo Adama University of Technology,
Adamawa state Nigeria; 2-5. Awad, O.M. and Shimaila,
A., (2003). Operational use of neem oil as an alternative
anopheline larvicide. Part A: laboratory and field efficacy.
Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal; 9: (4); 637-645.
•Badifu, G.I.O., (193). Food potential of some
unconventional oilseeds growth in Nigeria brief
review Plant food for human nutrition. Plant food
for human nutrition. 11-24.
This result shows that flutted pumpking is good for
production of medicatedhowing almost all its
constituent within the acceptable range.
This includes PH of 7.01 basic moisture content
was found to be 19.2which are within the allowable
limits therefore it is close to standard. It also has
high effect on micro organism such as E. coli, S.
aureus, P. aeroginosa
Soap is an excellent cleaning agent derived from
fat or oil. They can be made from vegetable oils
such as palm oils, olive or animal tallow
(kubmarawa and atiko 2000) soap is chemically
know to be metallic salts of higher fatty acids
such as steric, palmitic and oteic acids (tewari
etal.1996). Soap as cleaning agents is available
in different forms; namely
-potassium soap
-Sodium soap
-Medicated saop
-Transparent Soap
-Metallic Soap
These soaps of poor quality and excess chemicals causes skin
burns and have poor or no effect on microorganisms. Blending
of flutted pumpkin into soap production could go a long way in
production of quality medicated soap.
Conclusions
The production of quality soap has been a hitch to many soap
producers in Nigeria. This has lead to the production of
medicated soap with poor quality and high cost of production.
It has been observed that the quality of soap produced and offered to
the market for sale are not of good quality due to in proper analysis and
insufficient or excess chemicals used.
Parameter
determined
Fluted pumpkin soap SON Specification
pH 7.01 5.5 – 10
Form Height (cm) 10 10 – 15
Alcohol Insoluble % 7.09 5 – 10
Moisture content % 19.2 14 – 30
Total Fatty Matter % 83 80 – 90
Free acidity % 0.62 0 – 2
Microbial Sensitivity Positive
Table 4.1: Quality criteria and medicated properties of fluted
pumpkin soap
Diameter of Zone inhibition
Dilutions
S/No
Micro Organism Normal
Soap –
ve
101 102 103 104 Septol
Soap
+ve
1.
Pseudomonas
aerugonisa
- 18(S
)
15(S) 12(R
S)
(R) 22(S)
1.
Staphylococcus
aureus
- - - - - 21(S)
1.
E.coli - - 18(S)
1.
Salmonella
typhy
- - 23(S)
1.
Streptococcus.
faecalis
- - - 20(S)
1.
Extraction was carried out using Soxhlet method, this
is because of the low solubilityin solvent of the flutted
pumpkin see.
Table 4.2 Antimicrobial Effect of Fluted Pumpkin Soap on
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Staphylococcus Aureus.
(S) = Sensitive
(RS) = Resistance Sensitive
(+) = Septol Soap
(-) = Normal Soap
Table 1 shows comparison between the quality criteria of
fluted pumpkin soap produced and standard set for good
toilet soap by the standard organization of Nigeria
produced and standard set for good toilet soap by the
standard organization of Nigeria (SON).