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Research on bones
 Sometimes we speak of a certain proportion
between the body parts e.g.
 The ulna in the forearm of a person equals the length
of the persons feet.
 The distance between somebody’s neck and the tip
of his nose equals the length of his foot.
 The golden section can be found in the ratio between
the forearm and the hand.
Ulna and foot
 First we started to measure the ulna and wrote down
the results.
 Then the foot was measured and compared with the
measure of the ulna.
Ulna and foot
Ulna and foot
Age / gender

Ulna

Foot

Difference

26 cm

25 cm

1.0

52 year old male

27.5 cm

27. 5 cm

0.0

49 year old female

26.5 cm

26. 5 cm

0.0

26 year old male

28 cm

27. 5 cm

0.5

20 year old female

25 cm

25 cm

0.0

19 year old female

25 cm

24. 5 cm

0.5

15 year old female

26 cm

25 cm

1.0

14 year old female

25 cm

24 cm

1.0

26.1 cm

25.4 cm

0.5

90 year old female

Average
Ulna and foot
 The results from our research project shows that the
average difference between the length of the ulna
and the length the foot is 0.5 cm.

 Our conclusion is that the length of the ulna and the
foot is almost the same, so the saying is true.
Nose-neck and foot
 We started to measure the head, that is from the tip
of the nose to the neck, and wrote it down.
 Then we measured the foot and compared the
measures.
Nose-neck and foot
Nose - neck and foot
Age / gender

Nose - neck cm

Foot cm

Difference

26 cm

25 cm

1

27. 5 cm

27. 5 cm

0

49 year old female

26 cm

26. 5 cm

0.5

26 year old male

27 cm

27. 5 cm

0.5

20 year old female

26 cm

25 cm

1

19 year old female

25.5 cm

24. 5 cm

1

15 year old female

26 cm

25 cm

1

14 year old female

24 cm

24 cm

0

Average

26 cm

25.6 cm

0.6

90 year old female
52 year old male
 The results from our research project shows that the
average difference between the mesuraments of the
head (tip of nose to neck) and the length of the foot
is 0.6 cm.
 The conclusion is that the distance between the
mesuraments are almost the same, so the saying
also seems to be true.
Golden section in the
forearm and hand
 Golden section is the ratio 1,618. It can be f.ex. Found in
nature, buildings and the human body.

 The ratio between the Fibonacci numbers
1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21… is the golden section.

 Here we were looking for the golden section by
comparing the measures between the forearm and the
hand.
Golden section in the
forearm and hand

1,618 :1
Golden section in the forearm
and hand
Age / gender

Hand cm

Forearm cm

Golden section
?(1.618;
Forearm/Hand)

90 year old
female

18 cm

26 cm

1.44

52 year old male

20 cm

27.5 cm

1.38

49 year old
female

19 cm

26.5 cm

1.39

26 year old male

20 cm

28 cm

1.40

20 year old
female

17. 5 cm

25 cm

1.43

19 year old
female

18.5 cm

25.5 cm

1.32

15 year old
female

17 cm

26 cm

1.53

14 year old
Golden section in the
forearm and hand
 The results from our research project shows that the average
difference between the length of the forearm and the hand is 1.39.

 Measurements can be inaccurate and it is easy to make the wrong
measurement. If the average length of the ulna is 26.1 cm the
forehand needs to be 16.15 cm for the Golden section to be true

 The Golden section was not to be found in the ratio between
forearm and hand in our research so our conclution is that we
might have done something inaccurate in our measures. To say
that the saying is not true we would have to do this part of the
research again.
Thank you!
Bone proportion research

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Bone proportion research

  • 1.
  • 2. Research on bones  Sometimes we speak of a certain proportion between the body parts e.g.  The ulna in the forearm of a person equals the length of the persons feet.  The distance between somebody’s neck and the tip of his nose equals the length of his foot.  The golden section can be found in the ratio between the forearm and the hand.
  • 3. Ulna and foot  First we started to measure the ulna and wrote down the results.  Then the foot was measured and compared with the measure of the ulna.
  • 5. Ulna and foot Age / gender Ulna Foot Difference 26 cm 25 cm 1.0 52 year old male 27.5 cm 27. 5 cm 0.0 49 year old female 26.5 cm 26. 5 cm 0.0 26 year old male 28 cm 27. 5 cm 0.5 20 year old female 25 cm 25 cm 0.0 19 year old female 25 cm 24. 5 cm 0.5 15 year old female 26 cm 25 cm 1.0 14 year old female 25 cm 24 cm 1.0 26.1 cm 25.4 cm 0.5 90 year old female Average
  • 6. Ulna and foot  The results from our research project shows that the average difference between the length of the ulna and the length the foot is 0.5 cm.  Our conclusion is that the length of the ulna and the foot is almost the same, so the saying is true.
  • 7. Nose-neck and foot  We started to measure the head, that is from the tip of the nose to the neck, and wrote it down.  Then we measured the foot and compared the measures.
  • 9. Nose - neck and foot Age / gender Nose - neck cm Foot cm Difference 26 cm 25 cm 1 27. 5 cm 27. 5 cm 0 49 year old female 26 cm 26. 5 cm 0.5 26 year old male 27 cm 27. 5 cm 0.5 20 year old female 26 cm 25 cm 1 19 year old female 25.5 cm 24. 5 cm 1 15 year old female 26 cm 25 cm 1 14 year old female 24 cm 24 cm 0 Average 26 cm 25.6 cm 0.6 90 year old female 52 year old male
  • 10.  The results from our research project shows that the average difference between the mesuraments of the head (tip of nose to neck) and the length of the foot is 0.6 cm.  The conclusion is that the distance between the mesuraments are almost the same, so the saying also seems to be true.
  • 11. Golden section in the forearm and hand  Golden section is the ratio 1,618. It can be f.ex. Found in nature, buildings and the human body.  The ratio between the Fibonacci numbers 1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21… is the golden section.  Here we were looking for the golden section by comparing the measures between the forearm and the hand.
  • 12. Golden section in the forearm and hand 1,618 :1
  • 13. Golden section in the forearm and hand Age / gender Hand cm Forearm cm Golden section ?(1.618; Forearm/Hand) 90 year old female 18 cm 26 cm 1.44 52 year old male 20 cm 27.5 cm 1.38 49 year old female 19 cm 26.5 cm 1.39 26 year old male 20 cm 28 cm 1.40 20 year old female 17. 5 cm 25 cm 1.43 19 year old female 18.5 cm 25.5 cm 1.32 15 year old female 17 cm 26 cm 1.53 14 year old
  • 14. Golden section in the forearm and hand  The results from our research project shows that the average difference between the length of the forearm and the hand is 1.39.  Measurements can be inaccurate and it is easy to make the wrong measurement. If the average length of the ulna is 26.1 cm the forehand needs to be 16.15 cm for the Golden section to be true  The Golden section was not to be found in the ratio between forearm and hand in our research so our conclution is that we might have done something inaccurate in our measures. To say that the saying is not true we would have to do this part of the research again.

Editor's Notes

  1. Firstwestartedtomeasuretheulna and wrotedownthe results.Thenthefootwasmeasured and comparedwiththemeasure of theulna.
  2. Westartedtomeasurethehead, that is fromthetip of thenosetotheneck, and wrote it down.Thenwemeasuredthefoot and comparedthemeasures.
  3. Goldensection is theratio 1,618. It canbef.ex. Found in nature, buildings and the human body.TheratiobetweentheFibonacci numbers 1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21… is thegoldensection.Herewewerelooking for thegoldensectionbycomparingthemeasuresbetweentheforearm and thehand.