3. Definition
Normal radiopacity may be defined as the
radiographic image of the normal anatomic
structures of sufficient density, thickness or both to
appear light or white on radiographs
4. Anatomic Radiopacities Of Jaws
• Radiopacities common to both jaws:
• Teeth
• Bone
• Cancellous bone
• Cortical plates
• Lamina dura
• Alveolar process
5.
6.
7. Classification
Common lesions that present variable radiopacities in
the jaws:
Abnormalities of the teeth
• Unerupted and misplaced teeth
• Odontomes- Compound
- Complex
• Root remnants
• Hypercementosis
8. Conditions Of Variable
Radiopacities Affecting The Bone
• Developmental: exostoses including tori-
mandibular or palatal
• Inflammatory:
Sclerosing osteitis
• Tumors:
A: Odontogenic:
Cementoblastoma
12. Odontomes
It’s a benign tumour of
odontogenic origin.
Specifically, it’s a dental
hamartoma.
13.
14. 1. Compound odontome
• This odontome is made up of several small tooth
like denticles.
• The miniature tooth shapes are of dental tissue
radiodensity,with surrounding radiolucent line.
2. Complex odontome
• This odontome is made up of an irregular
confused mass of dental tissue bearing no
resemblance in shape to a tooth.
• The enamal content provides the dense
radiopacity suggestive of dental tissue and the
mass is surrounded by radiolucent line.
15. Root Remnants
• Deciduous and permanent root remnants
remaining in the alveolar bone, following
attempted extraction, are common.
• The site shape and density make radiographic
identification relatively simple.
• Additional diagnostic feature include the
surrounding radiolucent line of periodontal
ligament shadow and sometime evidence of
root canal.
16.
17. HYPERCEMENTOSIS
• Also known as “excessive formation of
cementum on the surface of root of the
tooth”.
• Etiology unknown
18.
19. Features:
• Premolars and molars are affected.
• Can be confined to small region of root or
whole root may be involved.
• In multi-rooted teeth one or two or all roots
may show hypercementosis.
• Teeth are usually vital and not sensitive to
percussion.
20. Differential Diagnosis:
• Condensing osteitis.
• Periapical idiopathic osteosclerosis.
• Developmental anomalies such as fused roots
and dilaceration.
Management
• Do not require special treatment.
21. • Tori and Exostosis
• Situated in the periphery of jaws and vary
greatly in size shape and location.
• They are slow growing benign bony
protuberences.
• Growth occurs mainly in 1st 30 years of life.
• Common in females.
Developmental Condition
22. • Specific exostosis develop in
particular sites and are often
bilateral.
1. Torus mandibularis- Lingual
aspects of the mandible, in
premolar/molar region.
2. Torus palatinus- Either side of
the midline towards the
posterior part of the hard
palate.
23.
24. Inflammatory Condition
• Condensing or Sclerosing osteitis
1) It is a sclerosing of bone induced by an
inflammation or infection that occur pulpo
apical lesion.
2) In this proliferation of bone tissue occurs
(opposite from rarefying osteitis in which
bone resorption occurs).
25. Features:
• Almost invariably painless and do
not produce expansion of the
cortex.
• Covering mucosa is normal in
appearance.
• Sinuses are not present.
• Approx.85% of this occurs the
mandible of whites, 1st molar is
the predominant site.
• In blacks approx. 71.6% of focal
bony sclerotic area are in
mandible.
• Female to male ratio is 3:2 ,
majrity found in mandible.
• 50% cases are under 30 yrs of age.
27. TUMORS
1. Cementoblastoma
• Classified by WHO as an
odontogenic tumour which is
characterized by the formation of
cementum-like tissue in cementum
with the root of a tooth.
• Age: Reported in patients b/w 8
and 44 yrs old with mean age 20.
• Frequency: rare
• Site: Apex of mandibular 1st
permanent molar, occasionally
premolars. Exceptionally assoc.
with the primary dentition
• Size:Variable,but upto2-3cm in
dia.
28. 2. Osteoma ( Benign )
• Osteoma of the jaws may be located in the medullary
bone (enosteal osteoma) or arise on the surface of the
bone as a pedunculated mass (periosteal osteoma) .
• Usually detected in young adults and are typically
asymptomatic, solitary lesions.
• Multiple jaw osteomas are a feature of rare inherited
condition Gardner’s syndrome.
• They are of two types
1. Compact- consisting of dense lamellae of bone
2. Cancellous-consisting of trabeculae of bone
29.
30. 3. Osteosarcoma (Malignant)
• Rare, rapidly destructive, malignant tumour of
bone from a radiological viewpoint, there are
three main types:
• Osteolytic: No neoplastic bone formation.
• Osteogenic/osteosclerotic: Neoplastic osteoid
and bone formed Mixed lytic and sclerotic
patches of neoplastic bone formed.
• Early features: Non specific, poorly defined
radiolucent area around one or more teeth.
Widening of periodontal ligament space.
