This document defines and describes several key management terms: an administrative hierarchy outlines reporting relationships within an organization; an open system interacts with its external environment; total quality management focuses on customers, trust, teams, and continuous improvement; risk management considers potential hazards; a wheel network allows information sharing between a central person and those on the spokes; workforce diversity encompasses employee differences; and open-book management empowers employees through financial transparency.

1. CONNECTION

3. ADMINISTRATIVE HIERARCHY
The system of reporting relationships in
the organization, from the lowest to the
highest managerial levels

5. OPEN SYSTEM
A system that interacts with its
environment.

7. Total Quality Management (TQM)
A form of management that focuses on the
customer, an environment of trust and openness,
working in teams, breaking down internal
organizational barriers, team leadership and
coaching, shared power, and continuous
improvement. Use of this approach often
involves fundamental changes in the
organization's culture.

9. RISK MANAGEMENT

11. WHEEL NETWORK
In this type of network, information flows
between the person at the end of each spoke
and the person in the middle

13. WORKFORCE DIVERSITY
The similarities and differences in such
characteristics as age, gender, ethnic heritage,
physical abilities and disabilities, race, and
sexual orientation among the employees of
organizations.

15. OPEN-BOOK MANAGEMENT
A management strategy emphasizing employee
empowerment and individual impact on the
success of the company by making the
organization’s financial data available to all
employees so they can make better decisions as
workers.

17. HYPERTENSION