1. This document discusses quality improvement in healthcare and anesthesiology. It notes that improving quality requires measuring performance, learning from measurements, and reorganizing care delivery systems. 2. Effectively measuring quality requires developing valid, reliable, and practical quality measures. This involves prioritizing areas to evaluate, selecting measure types, testing data collection tools, and collecting baseline data. 3. Future efforts to improve anesthesiology quality should focus on translating evidence into practice, identifying and reducing hazards, and enhancing safety culture and communication. These strategies can help evaluate progress on patient safety and quality.