The document summarizes the challenges in building a railway connecting China's remote Tibet Autonomous Region to the rest of the country. It discusses overcoming formidable mountain barriers, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile high-altitude ecosystem. Over 17,000 construction workers helped build over 1,956 km of track, tunnels, bridges and stations across the "Roof of the World" over difficult terrain over 4,500 meters above sea level, with temperatures as low as -45°C. Special measures were taken to minimize environmental impact, including elevating sections, tunnels, and fencing to allow wildlife passage.
The document summarizes the challenges in building a railway connecting China's remote Tibet province to the rest of the country. It discusses overcoming formidable mountain barriers, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile high-altitude ecosystem. Extensive environmental protection measures were implemented, such as building tunnels, bridges, and passages for wildlife. The 1,956 km railway now connects Tibet's capital Lhasa to other parts of China, boosting the province's economy and development.
The document summarizes the challenges and solutions involved in building a railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet across difficult terrain. Formidable mountains, unstable permafrost, and a fragile high-altitude ecosystem presented major obstacles. Engineers overcame these through techniques like building stone embankments, thermosiphons to regulate ground temperature, and 25 passageways for wildlife. Over $4 billion was invested in environmental protections like limiting habitat disruption and installing train facilities to prevent pollution. The completed Qinghai-Tibet Railway, including the world's highest rail tunnel, promotes economic development and tourism in remote Tibet while protecting the local environment and culture.
The document summarizes the challenges in building a railway connecting China's remote Tibet Autonomous Region to the rest of the country. It discusses overcoming formidable mountain barriers, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile high-altitude ecosystem. Special construction techniques were used, including building stone embankments and installing pipes to regulate ground temperature in permafrost areas. Over $180 million was budgeted for environmental protection, including elevating sections and putting in wildlife crossings. The 1,956 km railway, with the world's highest bridge and tunnel, was completed in 2006 and opened up Tibet's economy.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway connects Xining in Qinghai Province to Lhasa in Tibet, ending Tibet's isolation and setting a new record as the highest railway in the world. Construction faced immense challenges from Tibet's high altitude, fragile ecosystem, lack of oxygen, and permafrost. Engineers overcame these obstacles through solutions like oxygen stations, environmental protections, and stone embankments. Since opening in 2006, the 1,956 km railway has become a vital transportation link and engineering marvel, facilitating economic development on the Tibetan Plateau.
Northern Areas Pakistan Demographic ProfileJamshed09
With numerous remote valleys separated by some of the world's highest mountains, the people of the region consist of many different groups, being linguistically, ethnically, religiously, and racially miscellaneous.
Presentation on Training &Development in L&T,ChennaiTania Dhar
(1) L&T Construction conducts site-based training programs called DESI (Diagnostically Evolved Site Intervention) to develop the skills of employees working at construction sites. (2) The study aimed to measure employee perceptions of the DESI program and assess whether it helped acquire knowledge/skills and improved performance. (3) Findings showed employees were generally satisfied with the training and felt it developed their soft skills, though some felt it took time to implement lessons. However, the results were limited by the study duration and sample size.
HCAP Consulting is a HR consulting firm that provides staffing, executive search, training and development, HR outsourcing, and HR consulting services both domestically and internationally. It was founded in 2008 by veterans of the HR industry and aims to be the best single-window partner for clients' HR needs. The company uses assessments and a network of experts to qualitatively screen candidates. It has a diverse set of clients across many industries.
The document discusses achieving sustainability through high impact energy efficiency using solar rooftops. It notes that solar rooftops are achieving grid parity due to policy and regulatory support in states like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. The document presents case studies on commercial and residential solar rooftop projects in various Indian states and finds internal rates of return for solar rooftop projects in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Maharashtra to be in the range of 13-33% depending on the state and industry.
The document summarizes the challenges in building a railway connecting China's remote Tibet province to the rest of the country. It discusses overcoming formidable mountain barriers, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile high-altitude ecosystem. Extensive environmental protection measures were implemented, such as building tunnels, bridges, and passages for wildlife. The 1,956 km railway now connects Tibet's capital Lhasa to other parts of China, boosting the province's economy and development.
The document summarizes the challenges and solutions involved in building a railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet across difficult terrain. Formidable mountains, unstable permafrost, and a fragile high-altitude ecosystem presented major obstacles. Engineers overcame these through techniques like building stone embankments, thermosiphons to regulate ground temperature, and 25 passageways for wildlife. Over $4 billion was invested in environmental protections like limiting habitat disruption and installing train facilities to prevent pollution. The completed Qinghai-Tibet Railway, including the world's highest rail tunnel, promotes economic development and tourism in remote Tibet while protecting the local environment and culture.
The document summarizes the challenges in building a railway connecting China's remote Tibet Autonomous Region to the rest of the country. It discusses overcoming formidable mountain barriers, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile high-altitude ecosystem. Special construction techniques were used, including building stone embankments and installing pipes to regulate ground temperature in permafrost areas. Over $180 million was budgeted for environmental protection, including elevating sections and putting in wildlife crossings. The 1,956 km railway, with the world's highest bridge and tunnel, was completed in 2006 and opened up Tibet's economy.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway connects Xining in Qinghai Province to Lhasa in Tibet, ending Tibet's isolation and setting a new record as the highest railway in the world. Construction faced immense challenges from Tibet's high altitude, fragile ecosystem, lack of oxygen, and permafrost. Engineers overcame these obstacles through solutions like oxygen stations, environmental protections, and stone embankments. Since opening in 2006, the 1,956 km railway has become a vital transportation link and engineering marvel, facilitating economic development on the Tibetan Plateau.
Northern Areas Pakistan Demographic ProfileJamshed09
With numerous remote valleys separated by some of the world's highest mountains, the people of the region consist of many different groups, being linguistically, ethnically, religiously, and racially miscellaneous.
Presentation on Training &Development in L&T,ChennaiTania Dhar
(1) L&T Construction conducts site-based training programs called DESI (Diagnostically Evolved Site Intervention) to develop the skills of employees working at construction sites. (2) The study aimed to measure employee perceptions of the DESI program and assess whether it helped acquire knowledge/skills and improved performance. (3) Findings showed employees were generally satisfied with the training and felt it developed their soft skills, though some felt it took time to implement lessons. However, the results were limited by the study duration and sample size.
HCAP Consulting is a HR consulting firm that provides staffing, executive search, training and development, HR outsourcing, and HR consulting services both domestically and internationally. It was founded in 2008 by veterans of the HR industry and aims to be the best single-window partner for clients' HR needs. The company uses assessments and a network of experts to qualitatively screen candidates. It has a diverse set of clients across many industries.
The document discusses achieving sustainability through high impact energy efficiency using solar rooftops. It notes that solar rooftops are achieving grid parity due to policy and regulatory support in states like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. The document presents case studies on commercial and residential solar rooftop projects in various Indian states and finds internal rates of return for solar rooftop projects in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Maharashtra to be in the range of 13-33% depending on the state and industry.
Em PPS uma província chinesa.
Qinghai
Província chinesa
Qinghai ou Chinghai é uma província da República Popular da China. A capital é Xining. Wikipédia
www.google.com.br
The document summarizes the challenges and solutions involved in building a railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet across difficult terrain. Formidable obstacles included high mountains, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile ecosystem. Engineers overcame permafrost issues through stone embankments, thermosiphons, and the world's longest bridge on permafrost. Over $4 billion was invested in environmental protections like animal passages. The completed Qinghai-Tibet Railway opens up remote Tibet and brings prosperity, with the station resembling an airport terminal.
The document summarizes the challenges and solutions involved in building a railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet across difficult terrain. Formidable obstacles included high mountains, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile ecosystem. Engineers overcame permafrost issues through stone embankments, thermosiphons, and the world's longest bridge on permafrost. Over $4 billion was invested in environmental protections like animal passages. The completed Qinghai-Tibet Railway opens up remote Tibet and brings prosperity, with the station resembling an airport terminal.
Train Ride to Tibet, orgulho da China! UMA BELEZA!!! Showwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww!!!
Custou US$4.100.000.000, terminou a construção 1 ano antes do previsto.
Atravessou montanhas do Imalaia a 5.000 metros de altitude, os trabalhadores na construção tiveram que usar máscaras de oxigenio e câmara pressurizadas para recuperação. Sempre que possivel a ferrovia passava em pista elevada, para permitir a passagem de animais em migração natural, dado que foi concebida sempre minimizando impacto ambiental. Dos 1.956km, 500 atravessaram áreas congeladas no inverno e lama no verão. Imagine-se a contração e expansão operada no terreno. Sobre esse foi construida uma ponte de 11.7 km
Os carros de passageiros são pressurizados como os aviões.
Comparemos com o projeto do trem bala Rio-SP 400 km, 1/5 da distancia desse trem chines.
O trem chines atravessou montanhas de até 5.000m, o trem bala atravessará a Serra das Araras, provavelmente 1/5 da altitude. Não atravessará 500km de terreno congelado.
Digamos que os $4,1 bilhões de dólares seja somente para a estrutura da ferrovia e que não estaria aí o custo dos trens em si. Considerando o preço de uma locomotiva a USD$5.000.000, 20 carros de passageiros a USD$2.000.000, cada, teríamos uma composição sob o custo de $45 milhões de dólares, estimando 10 composições para trafegar nesses 1956km, mais 450 milhões de dólares. Vamos exagerar, digamos que os trens custassem 1 bilhão de dólares. Aí o custo dessa ferrovia chinesa seria de 5 bilhões de dólares.
The document summarizes the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet. It faced immense challenges due to the difficult terrain of high altitudes, permafrost, and fragile ecosystem. Engineers overcame obstacles through solutions like stone embankments, thermosiphons, and bridges. Environmental protection including passageways for wildlife was a priority. The railway development supports Tibet's economy and prosperity through infrastructure investment from China's central government.
The document summarizes the challenges in building a railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa in Tibet, highlighting formidable mountain barriers, unstable permafrost, and fragile ecosystems. It describes how engineers overcame these obstacles through solutions like stone embankments, thermosiphons, bridges, tunnels, and environmental protections. The railway opened in 2006, bringing tourism and economic development to remote Tibet but also concerns about its cultural and environmental impacts.
The document summarizes the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet. It faced immense challenges due to the difficult terrain of high altitudes, permafrost, and fragile ecosystem. Engineers overcame obstacles through solutions like stone embankments, thermosiphons, and bridges. Environmental protection including passageways for wildlife was a priority. The railway development supports Tibet's economy and prosperity through infrastructure investment from China's central government.
The document summarizes the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet. It faced immense challenges due to Tibet's high altitude and fragile permafrost environment. Engineers overcame obstacles through innovations like stone embankments, thermosiphons, and the world's highest rail tunnel. The railway development aims to help Tibet's economy while investing heavily in environmental protections like passageways for migrating animals. The document concludes by arguing the railway has brought prosperity to Tibet.
The document summarizes the challenges and solutions involved in building the Qinghai-Tibet Railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa across the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau. Formidable obstacles included mountains over 17,000 feet high, permafrost, and fragile ecosystems. Engineers overcame these challenges through techniques like building stone embankments, thermosiphons, and bridges to stabilize permafrost. The railway also included measures to minimize environmental impacts like selecting routes away from animal habitats and installing passages for wildlife. Completing the railway in 2006 was an important achievement that connected remote Tibet and has supported its economic development.
Em PPS uma província chinesa.
Qinghai
Província chinesa
Qinghai ou Chinghai é uma província da República Popular da China. A capital é Xining. Wikipédia
www.google.com.br
The document summarizes the challenges and solutions involved in building a railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet across difficult terrain. Formidable obstacles included high mountains, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile ecosystem. Engineers overcame permafrost issues through stone embankments, thermosiphons, and the world's longest bridge on permafrost. Over $4 billion was invested in environmental protections like animal passages. The completed Qinghai-Tibet Railway opens up remote Tibet and brings prosperity, with the station resembling an airport terminal.
The document summarizes the challenges and solutions involved in building a railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet across difficult terrain. Formidable obstacles included high mountains, unstable permafrost, and protecting the fragile ecosystem. Engineers overcame permafrost issues through stone embankments, thermosiphons, and the world's longest bridge on permafrost. Over $4 billion was invested in environmental protections like animal passages. The completed Qinghai-Tibet Railway opens up remote Tibet and brings prosperity, with the station resembling an airport terminal.
Train Ride to Tibet, orgulho da China! UMA BELEZA!!! Showwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww!!!
Custou US$4.100.000.000, terminou a construção 1 ano antes do previsto.
Atravessou montanhas do Imalaia a 5.000 metros de altitude, os trabalhadores na construção tiveram que usar máscaras de oxigenio e câmara pressurizadas para recuperação. Sempre que possivel a ferrovia passava em pista elevada, para permitir a passagem de animais em migração natural, dado que foi concebida sempre minimizando impacto ambiental. Dos 1.956km, 500 atravessaram áreas congeladas no inverno e lama no verão. Imagine-se a contração e expansão operada no terreno. Sobre esse foi construida uma ponte de 11.7 km
Os carros de passageiros são pressurizados como os aviões.
Comparemos com o projeto do trem bala Rio-SP 400 km, 1/5 da distancia desse trem chines.
O trem chines atravessou montanhas de até 5.000m, o trem bala atravessará a Serra das Araras, provavelmente 1/5 da altitude. Não atravessará 500km de terreno congelado.
Digamos que os $4,1 bilhões de dólares seja somente para a estrutura da ferrovia e que não estaria aí o custo dos trens em si. Considerando o preço de uma locomotiva a USD$5.000.000, 20 carros de passageiros a USD$2.000.000, cada, teríamos uma composição sob o custo de $45 milhões de dólares, estimando 10 composições para trafegar nesses 1956km, mais 450 milhões de dólares. Vamos exagerar, digamos que os trens custassem 1 bilhão de dólares. Aí o custo dessa ferrovia chinesa seria de 5 bilhões de dólares.
The document summarizes the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet. It faced immense challenges due to the difficult terrain of high altitudes, permafrost, and fragile ecosystem. Engineers overcame obstacles through solutions like stone embankments, thermosiphons, and bridges. Environmental protection including passageways for wildlife was a priority. The railway development supports Tibet's economy and prosperity through infrastructure investment from China's central government.
The document summarizes the challenges in building a railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa in Tibet, highlighting formidable mountain barriers, unstable permafrost, and fragile ecosystems. It describes how engineers overcame these obstacles through solutions like stone embankments, thermosiphons, bridges, tunnels, and environmental protections. The railway opened in 2006, bringing tourism and economic development to remote Tibet but also concerns about its cultural and environmental impacts.
The document summarizes the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet. It faced immense challenges due to the difficult terrain of high altitudes, permafrost, and fragile ecosystem. Engineers overcame obstacles through solutions like stone embankments, thermosiphons, and bridges. Environmental protection including passageways for wildlife was a priority. The railway development supports Tibet's economy and prosperity through infrastructure investment from China's central government.
The document summarizes the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa, Tibet. It faced immense challenges due to Tibet's high altitude and fragile permafrost environment. Engineers overcame obstacles through innovations like stone embankments, thermosiphons, and the world's highest rail tunnel. The railway development aims to help Tibet's economy while investing heavily in environmental protections like passageways for migrating animals. The document concludes by arguing the railway has brought prosperity to Tibet.
The document summarizes the challenges and solutions involved in building the Qinghai-Tibet Railway connecting Beijing to Lhasa across the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau. Formidable obstacles included mountains over 17,000 feet high, permafrost, and fragile ecosystems. Engineers overcame these challenges through techniques like building stone embankments, thermosiphons, and bridges to stabilize permafrost. The railway also included measures to minimize environmental impacts like selecting routes away from animal habitats and installing passages for wildlife. Completing the railway in 2006 was an important achievement that connected remote Tibet and has supported its economic development.
3. Kunlun Mountain Range. This is the legendary “Mother of Thousands of Mountains.” American writer Paul Theroux once prophesied that this “formidable mountain range that divides Tibet from the rest of China would guarantee that a train to Lhasa - which China has dreamed of since the 1950s – will never be built.” About 85 percent of the entire rail track is located in the “Forbidden Zone.“ This is also known as the “Death Zone” because of thin air, harsh and unpredictable weather, fierce sandstorms and high UV radiation. Annual average temp is minus zero. Temp drops to as low as -45 degree C. Average altitude of rail track here is 13,500 feet above sea level. The highest point is 16,700 feet making it the world's most elevated track. When constructing the Fenghuo Mountain Tunnel - 16,000 ft above seal level – workers had to be equipped with oxygen cylinders. An oxygen-producing station to "feed" the tunnel was built. Seventeen such stations were built along the railway line equipped with high-pressure oxygen cabins for workers to recover. Question : How do you build a railway across these mountains to China’s most remote province, Tibet?
4. There were 17,000 ft-high mountains to climb, 12 kilometre-wide valleys to bridge, hundreds of kilometres of perennial ice and slush that could never support tracks and trains. How could anyone tunnel through rock at -40C, or lay rails when the least exertion sends you gasping for oxygen in the thin air?
10. For environmental protection purposes, all trains entering China's Tibet province are equipped with garbage compacters and vacuum toilets. No garbage are allowed to be left behind after the trains leave. In this photo, you can see workers collecting toilet wastes from a train on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway utilizing vacuum flush technology at the station in Golmud.
11. The Qinghai-Tibet railway stretches for 1,956 kilometres from Xining, capital of Qinghai Province to Lhasa. It cost the Chinese Govt approx. USD4.1 billion and was completed in June 2006 – one year ahead of schedule.
12. Protection of the fragile environment is an important priority for China’s rail planners
14. Tibet is China’s most remote province and has been part of China since the time of Emperor Kublai Khan. The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is the home of the chiru – Tibetan Antelope. Chiru is a highly protected animal in China. Four national protected areas have been set aside specifically to safeguard Tibetan Plateau wildlife species, including chiru populations and habitat: Chang Tang Nature Reserve, Xianza Nature, Kekexili National Reserve, and Arjin Shan Nature Reserve Despite legal protection of the highest order, the population of chiru is continually on the decline and today the species is extremely endangered. Poaching is the main threat. It is being slaughtered illegally for its wool which is known in the international market as "shahtoosh" or "king of wool.” Due to remoteness however, these nature reserves are incapable of effectively protecting the chiru or its habitat. Shahtoosh is considered to be one of the finest animal fibres in the world and shahtoosh shawls and scarves have become high fashion status symbols in the West, selling for as much as $10,000 each. Wool is smuggled from Tibet mainly to Kashmir where it is woven into an extremely fine fabric from which the shawls and scarves are woven. Although the chiru is protected in China, it is still legal to weave shahtoosh in India. .
16. Service on the train is excellent. Friendly staff provides daily refreshments of fruits, snacks and drinks with a smile.
17. Passengers do not suffer high altitude sickness because the carriages are all fully air-conditioned and pressurised like an airplane. Oxygen masks are also available in your sleeping cabins as well as throughout the train corridors and washrooms if ever required.
19. Targeting environmental issues of the Tibet Plateau high-altitude eco-system, authorities budgeted some 8% of the total construction cost - at least RMB2.54 billion (US$180 million ) - for ecological conservation, the biggest amount of all China's railway construction projects. Since most livestock and wild-life are free-grazing, the railroad has been elevated in most places. If not, it utilizes fencing and tunnels cut under the tracks. to
25. Wherever possible, the rail line is elevated to allow passage to migratory species (e.g., wild antelopes) and to minimize any other adverse impact on the natural environment.
28. The train ascends to an altitude above 5,000 meters – more than 16,000 feet.
29. The total length of Qingzang railway is 1956 km. The line includes the Tanggula Pass, at 5,072 m (16,640 feet) above sea level the world's highest rail track. The 1,338 m Fenghuoshan tunnel is the highest rail tunnel in the world, at 4,905 m above sea level. The 3,345-m Yangbajing tunnel is the longest tunnel on the line .
30. Stopping by to take a photo with a glacier as the backdrop
31. Our train passes glaciers and snow-capped mountains on the way to Lhasa
32.
33. Right from the start, related departments of railway design and construction paid close attention to environment protection . Measures included setting aside of passage ways for migrating Tibetan antelopes.
34. Other wild life such as bears and wild donkeys have now successfully adapted to the presence of the rail line.
38. Our train passes by Patola Monastery on the way to Lhasa Railway Station
39. With the opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the new Nyingchi airport, tourists flood into Tibet and the numbers exceeded 4 million last year, an increase of 60 percent.
43. Lhasa Station - looking more like a 1 st -Class airport terminal than a railway station. According to my local Tibetan Tourist guide when I was in Lhasa, she told me that Tibet’s economy has never been self-sufficient enough to give its people a meaningful life. Every year, Tibet suffers from a perennial budget shortfall and therefore, relies heavily and wholly on federal funding from the central Govt. Thanks to Beijing, development and prosperity has finally arrived in this remote Chinese province. I saw miles after miles of impressive roads, expressways, bridges, railways and other top-notch infrastructure. The Central Govt poured more than USD$4 billion into the construction of this railway system alone – the most costly in the world.
44. Tibet is China’s most remote province. It has been part of China since the Yuan Dynasty (1279 – 1368 AD). The Nationalist Kuomintang Govt under Chiang Kai-Shek was too poor to look after itself - let alone a distant mountainous province such as Tibet. Contrary to western propaganda however, Tibet under the Dalai Lama was a slave society where the privilege lamas owned everything. Tibetans were indoctrinated by Lama Buddhism to accept their lives as servants and slaves to the powerful and wealthy lamas who lived a life of luxury. Chairman Mao changed all that when he established effective control and administration after he defeated Chiang and proclaimed the founding of the People’s Republic of China in October, 1949. With the covert backing of the CIA, the Dalai Lama fled to India in 1950 with a handful of followers. The Dalai Lama has publicly admitted that till today, he is still under the payroll and patronage of the Americans. The US puppet lives in self-exile in India today where his group of die-hard supporters continue to receive arms, training and funding from the US Administration.
45. A new bridge across the Tsangpo river to the railway station
47. THE END Lhasa River Bridge connects downtown Lhasa with the new railway station. . Copyright reserved: E. Cheong New Huaren Federation 16 February 2011