Q GIS= Quantum GIS Developed By: free and open-source software (FOSS) community Present Version: 3.4.1 "Madeira" (November 2, 2018;) Initial release: 2012 It is an open Source Software. It takes less space. It can run any platform means operating system. Open QGIS Desktop Icon.

1. See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331258248
QGIS-OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE Bhupen Barman Assistant Professor
in Geography
Presentation · February 2019
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.32331.64806
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2. QGIS-OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE
Bhupen Barman
Assistant Professor in Geography
Tufanganj Mahvidyalaya
Cooch Behar
bhugeo12@gmail.com

3. Q GIS= Quantum GIS
Developed By: free and open-source software
(FOSS) community
Present Version: 3.4.1 "Madeira" (November 2,
2018;)
Initial release: 2012
It is an open Source Software. It takes less
space. It can run any platform means operating
system. Open QGIS Desktop Icon.
Now, install the QGIS; Simply
search on Google….’’QGIS”

6. Just Simply click and install
based on your computer
operating system, i.e 32 bit
or 64 bit.

7. Now, open QGIS Desktop 2.14.3 (as per your installed
version)

10. Georeferencing means that the internal coordinate system of
a map or aerial photo image can be related to a ground
system of geographic coordinates. Georeferencing means to
associate something with locations in physical space. The
term is commonly used in the geographic information
systems field to describe the process of associating a physical
map or raster image of a map with spatial locations.
Georeferencing may be applied to any kind of object or
structure that can be related to a geographical location, such
as points of interest, roads, places, bridges, or buildings.
WHAT IS GEOREFERENCING?

11. HOW TO GEOREFERENCE?
Click on Raster → Georeferencer → Georeferencer → Open Raster
→ Select file → Open your map → see the co ordinate reference system tool →
select datum WGS84 → ok
Click on add point (for giving the latitude and longitudinal value) →
type longitude at X and latitude value at Y → minimum 3 co-ordinate are
required for georeferencing → If you have other georeferenced map like in .tif
file or in .kmz file you can add this.
Click on setting → transformation Setting (for georeferencing there
are many method but but we select polynominal 1) → transformation type:
Polynominal 1 → Resampling: Nearest neighbour → Type SRS: by default →
close the window → click on the check box × load in your own QGIS folder →
ok.
(Here in the table residual error is less than one. When you will be expert in
that field the error will be zero and if error is more than again you have to
georefer the image.)
Click on georeferencing → save GCP → ok. Now the georeferencing is done.
Close the window
Again open the QGIS Desktop → click on add raster → open the .tif file
Now find out co ordinate of the given 3 point.
Select your project scale at the bottom of the window.

25. Digitization is the process of converting information
into a digital format . In this format, information is
organized into discrete units of data (called bit s) that
can be separately addressed (usually in multiple-bit
groups called byte s). It is the process of converting
geographic data either from a hardcopy or a scanned
image into vector data by tracing the features. During
the digitzing process, features from the traced map or
image are captured as coordinates in either point, line,
or polygon format.
WHAT IS DIGITIZATION?

26. HOW DO WE DIGITISE POINT, LINE& POLYGON?
For creating layer or shape file:
Here for each object (point, line, polygon) one individual shape file is created.
For polygon or area feature
Click on Layer tab → create layer → create shape file → select polygon for area feature
→ click on toggle editing for digitizing → click on add feature → active the layer then
→ click on start digitizing.
For common boundary:
Click on setting → snapping → advanced → click on every check box → apply → ok.
After complete the digitization → click on toggle editing → save.
Same process you can digitize the point.
For line feature
Click on layer → create shape file → new shape file → click on add field box give the
features name like road or river → click on toggle editing → digitize the feature → click
on Save.

45. HOW TO LAYOUT A MAP?
For Thematic mapping:
Click on polygon feature → column → select pop
density → classify → apply → ok.
Layout:
Click on project → new print composer → for page
setup click on composition tab → click on orientation
→ portable/landscape → add new map and drag into
the page → click on move for moving the map → for
scale click on scale → for legend click on legend
For north line: add image → item properties → search
directory → add north line → click on grid → add
interval → draw co ordinate (for putting value) →
format → degree minute → ok → for heading → click
on text → click on export image → export image in
bmp or jpg or pdf format.

55. HOW TO ADD ATTRIBUTE
IN SHAPE FILE?

60. Thank you
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