Qatar is a small country located in Western Asia, surrounded by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and the Persian Gulf. It has a hot desert climate with little rainfall. The economy was traditionally based on fishing and pearl diving but now relies heavily on oil and natural gas exports. Qatar has become very wealthy as a result of its oil and gas resources. The country is ruled as a constitutional monarchy with the emir as head of state. Religion and Islamic culture play a strong role in Qatari society.