From their preliminary task to the final products, the student learned several new techniques. For the student magazine, they did not know how to edit photos in Photoshop and used the original photo for the cover. The layout was plain. For the music magazine, the student learned to use a Canon SLR camera to take high quality photos and edit them in Photoshop. They also learned to use various applications for research. While the language stayed somewhat formal, it included some colloquial words to appeal to the target audience. Through creating the products, the student's ideas changed but their initial sketches still guided the direction, and they gained a better understanding of design software and magazine conventions.