This document provides a lab manual for the course GE3171 - Problem Solving and Python Programming Laboratory (REG-2021). It contains details of various programming exercises to be completed as part of the course curriculum. The exercises cover topics like:
1. Developing flow charts and Python programs for real-life problems like electricity billing, retail shop billing, etc.
2. Python programming using simple statements, expressions, and calculations.
3. Scientific problems using conditionals and iterative loops to generate number series and patterns.
4. Implementing applications using lists, tuples to represent library items, car components, construction materials.
5. Implementing applications using sets and dictionaries for language analysis and car
A function is a group of statements that together perform a task. Every C program has at least one function, which is main(), and all the most trivial programs can define additional functions. You can divide up your code into separate functions.
A class is a code template for creating objects. Objects have member variables and have behaviour associated with them. In python a class is created by the keyword class.
An object is created using the constructor of the class. This object will then be called the instance of the class.
A function is a group of statements that together perform a task. Every C program has at least one function, which is main(), and all the most trivial programs can define additional functions. You can divide up your code into separate functions.
A class is a code template for creating objects. Objects have member variables and have behaviour associated with them. In python a class is created by the keyword class.
An object is created using the constructor of the class. This object will then be called the instance of the class.
Create the equivalent of a four function calculator. The program should request the user to enter a number, an operator, and another number. carry out the specified arithmetical operation: adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing the two numbers. (Using switch statement ).ThesisScientist.com
JLK Chapter 5 – Methods and ModularityDRAFT January 2015 Edition.docxvrickens
JLK Chapter 5 – Methods and ModularityDRAFT January 2015 Edition pg. 25
An Introduction to
Computer Science with Java, Python and C++
Community College of Philadelphia edition
Copyright 2017 by C.W. Herbert, all rights reserved.
Last edited October 8, 28, 2019 by C. W. Herbert
This document is a draft of a chapter from An Introduction to Computer Science with Java, Python and C++, written by Charles Herbert. It is available free of charge for students in Computer Science courses at Community College of Philadelphia during the Fall 2019 semester. It may not be reproduced or distributed for any other purposes without proper prior permission.
Please report any typos, other errors, or suggestions for improving the text to [email protected]
Chapter 5 – Python Functions and Modular Programming
Contents
Lesson 5.1User Created Functions in Python2
Python Function Parameters2
Value returning functions3
Example – Methods and Parameter Passing5
9
Lesson 5.2Top-Down Design and Modular Development10
Chapter Exercises13
User Created Functions in Python
So far we have only created software with one continuous Python script. We have used functions from other python modules, such as the square root method from the math class math.sqrt(n). Now we will begin to create our own functions of our own.
A Python function is a block of code that can be used to perform a specific task within a larger computer program. It can be called as needed from other Python software. Most programming languages have similar features, such as methods in Java or subroutines in system software.
The code for user-defined functions in Python is contained in a function definition. A Python function definition is a software unit with a header and a block of Python statements. The header starts with the keyword def followed by the name of the function, then a set parenthesis with any parameters for the function. A colon is used after the parentheses to indicate a block of code follows, just as with the if and while statements. The block of code to be included within the function is indented.
Here is an example of a Python function:
# firstFunction.py
# first demonstration of the use of a function for CSCI 111
# last edited 10/08/2o19 by C. Herbert
function
definition
def myFunction():
print ( "This line being printed by the function MyFunction.\n")
# end myFunction()
### main program ###
function used by the main part of the script
print("Beginning\n")
myFunction()
print("End\n")
# end main program
Functions can used for code that will be repeated within a program, or for modular development, in which long programs are broken into parts and the parts are developed independently. The parts can be developed as Python functions, then integrated to work together by being called from other software.
Python Function Parameters
Data can be passed to a Python function as a parameter of the function. Function parameters are variables listed in parentheses foll ...
Material ini digunakan untuk kelas teknologi pengenalan pemrograman dengan bahasa pengantar Python http://oo.or.id/py
Dipublikasikan dengan lisensi Atribusi-Berbagi Serupa Creative Commons (CC BY-SA) oleh oon@oo.or.id
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CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
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Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
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Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
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1. GE3171 - PROBLEM SOLVING
AND
PYTHON PROGRAMMING
LABORATORY
(REG-2021)
LAB MANUEL
Compiled By:
Ramprakash.S
Teaching Faculty / CSE
University College of Engineering Thirukkuvalai
Nagapattinam -610204, Tamilnadu
2. 1.Identification and solving of simple real life or scientific or technical problems, and
developing flow charts for the same.
a) Electricity Billing
Aim: Develop a flow chart and write the program for Electricity billing
Procedure:
From Unit To Unit Rate (Rs.) Prices
From Unit To Unit Rate (Rs.) Max.Unit
1 100 0 100
101 200 2 200
201 500 3 500-
- 101 -200 3.5 >500
201-500 4.6 >500
>500 606 >500
Flow Chart :
5. 1d) To compute Electrical Current in Three Phase AC Circuit
Flow Chart :
Result :
6. 2.a) Python programming using simple statements and expressions -exchange the values
of two variables)
Aim:
Write a python program to exchange the values of two variables
Procedure:
Code:
>>> a=10
>>> b=20
>>> a,b=b,a
>>>print(a)
>>>print(b)
output:
Result:
7. 2b) Python programming using simple statements and expressions - circulate the values
of n variables)
Aim:
Write a python program to circulate the values of n variables
Procedure:
Code:
>>>list=[10,20,30,40,50]
>>>n=2
>>> print(list[n:]+list[:n])
output:
Result:
8. 2 C) Python programming using simple statements and expressions ( Calculate the
distance between two points)
Aim:
Write a python program to calculate the distance between two numbers
Procedure:
Program:
import math
x1=int(input(“enter the value of x1”)
x2=int(input(“enter the value of x2”)
y1=int(input(“enter the value of y1”)
y2=int(input(“enter the value of y2”)
dx=x2-x1
dy=y2-y1
d= dx**2+d**2
result=math.sqrt(d)
print(result)
Output:
Result:
9. 3 a) Scientific problems using Conditionals and Iterative loops.- Number series
Aim:
Write a Python program with conditional and iterative statements for
Number Series.
Procedure:
Program:
n=int(input("Enter a number: "))
a=[]
for i in range(1,n+1):
print(i,sep=" ",end=" ")
if(i<n):
print("+",sep=" ",end=" ")
a.append(i)
print("=",sum(a))
print()
output:
Result:
10. 3 b) Scientific problems using Conditionals and Iterative loops. -Number Patterns
Aim:
Write a Python program with conditional and iterative statements for
Number Pattern.
Procedure:
Program:
rows = 6
rows = int(input('Enter the number of rows'))
for i in range(rows):
for j in range(i):
print(i, end=' ')
print('')
output:
Result:
11. 3 c) Scientific problems using Conditionals and Iterative loops. -Pyramid Patterns
Aim:
Write a Python program with conditional and iterative statements for
Pyramid Pattern.
Procedure:
Program:
def pypart(n):
for i in range(0, n):
for j in range(0, i+1):
print("* ",end="")
print("r")
n = 5
pypart(n)
output:
Result:
12. 4 a) Implementing real-time/technical applications using Lists, Tuples -Items present in a
library)
Aim :
Write a python program to implement items present in a library
Procedure:
Code:
library=["books", "author", "barcodenumber" , "price"]
library[0]="ramayanam"
print(library[0])
library[1]="valmiki"
library[2]=123987
library[3]=234
print(library)
Tuple:
tup1 = (12134,250000 )
tup2 = ('books', 'totalprice')
# tup1[0] = 100 ------- Not assigned in tuple
# So let's create a new tuple as follows
tup3 = tup1 + tup2;
print(tup3)
Output:
Result
:
13. 4 b) Implementing real-time/technical applications using Lists, Tuples -Components of a
car
Aim:
Write a python program to implement components of a car
Procedure:
Code:
cars = ["Nissan", "Mercedes Benz", "Ferrari", "Maserati", "Jeep", "Maruti Suzuki"]
new_list = []
for i in cars:
if "M" in i:
new_list.append(i)
print(new_list)
Tuple:
cars=("Ferrari", "BMW", "Audi", "Jaguar")
print(cars)
print(cars[0])
print(cars[1])
print(cars[3])
print(cars[3])
print(cars[4])
output:
Result:
14. 4 C) Implementing real-time/technical applications using Lists, Tuples - Materials required
for construction of a building.
Aim:
Write a python program to implement materials required for construction of
building
Procedure:
Code:
materialsforconstruction = ["cementbags", "bricks", "sand", "Steelbars", "Paint"]
materialsforconstruction.append(“ Tiles”)
materialsforconstruction.insert(3,"Aggregates")
materialsforconstruction.remove("sand")
materialsforconstruction[5]="electrical"
print(materialsforconstruction)
Tuple:
materialsforconstruction = ("cementbags", "bricks", "sand", "Steelbars", "Paint")
print(materialsforconstruction)
del(materialsforconstruction)
print (After deleting materialsforconstruction)
print(materialsforconstruction)
print (“materialsforconstruction[0]:”, materialsforconstruction [0])
print (“materialsforconstruction [1:5]: ", materialsforconstruction [1:5])
output:
Result:
15. 5a) Implementing real-time/technical applications using Sets, Dictionaries. - Language
Aim:
Write a python program to implement language system using Sets and Dictionaries
Procedure:
Code:
import re
ulysses_txt = open("books/james_joyce_ulysses.txt").read().lower()
words = re.findall(r"b[w-]+b", ulysses_txt)
print("The novel ulysses contains " + str(len(words)))
for word in ["the", "while", "good", "bad", "ireland", "irish"]:
print("The word '" + word + "' occurs " +
str(words.count(word)) + " times in the novel!" )
diff_words = set(words)
print("'Ulysses' contains " + str(len(diff_words)) + " different words!")
output:
Result:
Ref: https://python-course.eu/python-tutorial/sets-examples.php
16. 5b) Implementing real-time/technical applications using Sets, Dictionaries. – Components
of an automobile
Aim:
Write a python program to implement Components of an automobile using Sets and
Dictionaries
Procedure:
Code:
cars = {'BMW', 'Honda', 'Audi', 'Mercedes', 'Honda', 'Toyota', 'Ferrari', 'Tesla'}
print('Approach #1= ', cars)
print('==========')
print('Approach #2')
for car in cars:
print('Car name = {}'.format(car))
print('==========')
cars.add('Tata')
print('New cars set = {}'.format(cars))
cars.discard('Mercedes')
print('discard() method = {}'.format(cars))
output:
Result:
https://www.javacodegeeks.com/sets-in-python.html
17. 6a. Implementing programs using Functions – Factorial
Aim:
Write a python program to implement Factorial program using functions
Procedure:
Code:
def factorial(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n-1)
n=int(input("Input a number to compute the factiorial : "))
print(factorial(n))
output:
Result:
18. 6b. Implementing programs using Functions – largest number in a list
Aim:
Write a python program to implement largest number in a list using functions
Procedure:
Code:
def myMax(list1):
max = list1[0]
for x in list1:
if x > max :
max = x
return max
list1 = [10, 20, 4, 45, 99]
print("Largest element is:", myMax(list1))
Output:
Result:
19. 6c. Implementing programs using Functions – area of shape
Aim:
Write a python program to implement area of shape using functions
Procedure:
Code:
def calculate_area(name):
name = name.lower()
if name == "rectangle":
l = int(input("Enter rectangle's length: "))
b = int(input("Enter rectangle's breadth: "))
rect_area = l * b
print(f"The area of rectangle is
{rect_area}.")
elif name == "square":
s = int(input("Enter square's side length: "))
sqt_area = s * s
print(f"The area of square is
{sqt_area}.")
elif name == "triangle":
h = int(input("Enter triangle's height length: "))
b = int(input("Enter triangle's breadth length: "))
tri_area = 0.5 * b * h
print(f"The area of triangle is
{tri_area}.")
elif name == "circle":
r = int(input("Enter circle's radius length: "))
pi = 3.14
circ_area = pi * r * r
print(f"The area of triangle is
{circ_area}.")
elif name == 'parallelogram':
b = int(input("Enter parallelogram's base length: "))
h = int(input("Enter parallelogram's height length: "))
20. # calculate area of parallelogram
para_area = b * h
print(f"The area of parallelogram is
{para_area}.")
else:
print("Sorry! This shape is not available")
if __name__ == "__main__" :
print("Calculate Shape Area")
shape_name = input("Enter the name of shape whose area you want to find: ")
calculate_area(shape_name)
Output:
Result:
21. 7 a. Implementing programs using Strings –Reverse
Aim:
Write a python program to implement reverse of a string using string functions
Procedure:
Code:
def reverse(string):
string = string[::-1]
return string
s = "Firstyearece"
print ("The original string is : ",end="")
print (s)
print ("The reversed string(using extended slice syntax) is : ",end="")
print (reverse(s))
output:
Result:
22. 7 b. Implementing programs using Strings -palindrome
Aim:
Write a python program to implement palindrome using string functions
Procedure:
Code:
string=input(("Enter a string:"))
if(string==string[::-1]):
print("The string is a palindrome")
else:
print("Not a palindrome")
output:
Result:
23. 7 c. Implementing programs using Strings - character count
Aim:
Write a python program to implement Characters count using string functions
Procedure:
Code:
test_str = "Countthethesisthirdtime"
count = 0
for i in test_str:
if i == 't':
count = count + 1
print ("Count of e in Countthethesisthirdtim is : " + str(count))
output:
Result:
24. 7.d) Implementing programs using Strings – Replacing Characters
Aim:
Write a python program to implement Replacing Characetrs using string functions
Procedure:
Code:
string = "geeks for geeks geeks geeks geeks"
print(string.replace("e", "a"))
print(string.replace("ek", "a", 3))
output:
Result:
25. 8.a) Implementing programs using written modules and Python Standard Libraries –pandas
Aim:
Write a python program to implement pandas modules.Pandas are denote
python datastructures.
Procedure:
Code:
In command prompt install this package
pip install pandas
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame(
{
"Name": [ "Braund, Mr. Owen Harris",
"Allen, Mr. William Henry",
"Bonnell, Miss. Elizabeth",],
"Age": [22, 35, 58],
"Sex": ["male", "male", "female"],
}
)
print(df)
print(df[“Age”])
ages = pd.Series([22, 35, 58], name="Age")
print(ages)
df["Age"].max()
print(ages.max())
print(df.describe())
output:
Result:
26. 8.b) Implementing programs using written modules and Python Standard Libraries – numpy
Aim:
Write a python program to implement numpy module in python .Numerical
python are mathematical calculations are solved here.
Procedure:
Code: In command prompt install this package
pip install numpy
import numpy as np
a = np.arange(6)
a2 = a[np.newaxis, :]
a2.shape
output:
Array Creation and functions:
a = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
a = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 12]])
print(a[0])
print(a[1])
np.zeros(2)
np.ones(2)
np.arange(4)
np.arange(2, 9, 2)
np.linspace(0, 10, num=5)
x = np.ones(2, dtype=np.int64)
print(x)
arr = np.array([2, 1, 5, 3, 7, 4, 6, 8])
np.sort(arr)
28. 8.c) Implementing programs using written modules and Python Standard Libraries –matplotlib
Aim:
Write a python program to implement matplotolib module in python. .Matplotlib
python are used to show the visualization entites in python.
Procedure:
Code: In command prompt install this package
pip install matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
plt.style.use('_mpl-gallery')
x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)
y = 4 + 2 * np.sin(2 * x)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(x, y, linewidth=2.0)
ax.set(xlim=(0, 8), xticks=np.arange(1, 8),
ylim=(0, 8), yticks=np.arange(1, 8))
plt.show()
output:
30. 8.d) Implementing programs using written modules and Python Standard Libraries – scipy
Aim:
Write a python program to implement scipy module in python. .Scipy python
are used to solve the scientific calculations.
Procedure:
Code: In command prompt install this package
pip install scipy
1-D discrete Fourier transforms¶
from scipy.fft import fft, ifft
x = np.array([1.0, 2.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.5])
y = fft(x)
y
array([ 4.5 +0.j , 2.08155948-1.65109876j,
-1.83155948+1.60822041j, -1.83155948-1.60822041j,
2.08155948+1.65109876j])
yinv = ifft(y)
>>> yinv
Output:
31. from scipy.fft import fft, fftfreq
>>> # Number of sample points
>>> N = 600
>>> # sample spacing
>>> T = 1.0 / 800.0
>>> x = np.linspace(0.0, N*T, N, endpoint=False)
>>> y = np.sin(50.0 * 2.0*np.pi*x) + 0.5*np.sin(80.0 * 2.0*np.pi*x)
>>> yf = fft(y)
>>> xf = fftfreq(N, T)[:N//2]
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> plt.plot(xf, 2.0/N * np.abs(yf[0:N//2]))
>>> plt.grid()
>>> plt.show()
Output:
Result:
32. 9.a) Implementing real-time/technical applications using File handling - copy from one file
to another.
Aim:
Write a python program to implement File Copying
Procedure:
Code:
import shutil
original = r'original path where the file is currently storedfile name.file extension'
target = r'target path where the file will be copiedfile name.file extension'
shutil.copyfile(original, target)
Steps to follow:
Step 1: Capture the original path
To begin, capture the path where your file is currently stored.
For example, I stored a CSV file in a folder called Test_1:
C:UsersRonDesktopTest_1products.csv
Where the CSV file name is „products„ and the file extension is csv.
33. Step 2: Capture the target path
Next, capture the target path where you‟d like to copy the file.
In my case, the file will be copied into a folder called Test_2:
C:UsersRonDesktopTest_2products.csv
Step 3: Copy the file in Python using shutil.copyfile
import shutil
original = r'C:UsersRonDesktopTest_1products.csv'
target = r'C:UsersRonDesktopTest_2products.csv'
shutil.copyfile(original, target)
35. 9.b ) Implementing real-time/technical applications using File handling word count
Aim:
Write a python program to implement word count in File operations in python
Procedure:
Code:
Create file ece.txt with the following input
Welcome to python examples. Here, you will find python programs for all
general use cases.
file = open("C:ece.txt", "rt")
data = file.read()
words = data.split()
print('Number of words in text file :', len(words))
output:
Result:
36. 9.c ) Implementing real-time/technical applications using File handling - Longest word
Aim:
Write a python program to implement longest word in File operations
Procedure:
Code:
Create a file test.txt and give the longest word
(e.x) hi I have pendrive
def longest_word(filename):
with open(filename, 'r') as infile:
words = infile.read().split()
max_len = len(max(words, key=len))
return [word for word in words if len(word) == max_len]
print(longest_word('test.txt'))
output:
Result:
37. 10. a. Implementing real-time/technical applications using Exception handling.- divide by
zero error.
Aim:
Write a exception handling program using python to depict the divide by zero
error.
Procedure:
Code:
(i) marks = 10000
a = marks / 0
print(a)
(ii) program
a=int(input("Entre a="))
b=int(input("Entre b="))
try:
c = ((a+b) / (a-b))
#Raising Error
if a==b:
raise ZeroDivisionError
#Handling of error
except ZeroDivisionError:
print ("a/b result in 0")
else:
print (c)
output:
Result:
38. 10. C. Implementing real-time/technical applications using Exception handling.- Check
voters eligibility
Aim:
Write a exception handling program using python to depict the voters eligibility
Procedure:
Code:
try:
#this program check voting eligibility
def main():
try:
age=int(input("Enter your age"))
if age>18:
print("Eligible to vote")
else:
print("Not eligible to vote")
except:
print("age must be a valid number")
main()
output:
Result:
39. 11. Exploring Pygame tool.
Aim:
Write a python program to implement pygame
Procedure:
Code:
To install Pygame in command prompt
Pip install pygame
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
class Square(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super(Square, self).__init__()
self.surf = pygame.Surface((25, 25))
self.surf.fill((0, 200, 255))
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect()
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
square1 = Square()
square2 = Square()
square3 = Square()
square4 = Square()
gameOn = True
while gameOn:
for event in pygame.event.get():
PIP install pygame
41. 12.a ) Developing a game activity using Pygame like bouncing ball.
Aim:
Write a python program to implement bouncing balls using pygame tool
Procedure:
Code:
import sys, pygame
pygame.init()
size = width, height = 800, 400
speed = [1, 1]
background = 255, 255, 255
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
pygame.display.set_caption("Bouncing ball")
ball = pygame.image.load("ball.png")
ballrect = ball.get_rect()
while 1:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
sys.exit()
ballrect = ballrect.move(speed)
if ballrect.left < 0 or ballrect.right > width:
speed[0] = -speed[0]
42. if ballrect.top < 0 or ballrect.bottom > height:
speed[1] = -speed[1]
screen.fill(background)
screen.blit(ball, ballrect)
pygame.display.flip()
output:
Result:
43. 12.b ) Developing a game activity using Pygame like Car race
Aim:
Write a python program to implement car race using pygame tool
Procedure:
Code:
import pygame, random, sys ,os,time
from pygame.locals import *
WINDOWWIDTH = 800
WINDOWHEIGHT = 600
TEXTCOLOR = (255, 255, 255)
BACKGROUNDCOLOR = (0, 0, 0)
FPS = 40
BADDIEMINSIZE = 10
BADDIEMAXSIZE = 40
BADDIEMINSPEED = 8
BADDIEMAXSPEED = 8
ADDNEWBADDIERATE = 6
PLAYERMOVERATE = 5
count=3
def terminate():
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
def waitForPlayerToPressKey():
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
terminate()
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
if event.key == K_ESCAPE: #escape quits
terminate()
return
44. def playerHasHitBaddie(playerRect, baddies):
for b in baddies:
if playerRect.colliderect(b['rect']):
return True
return False
def drawText(text, font, surface, x, y):
textobj = font.render(text, 1, TEXTCOLOR)
textrect = textobj.get_rect()
textrect.topleft = (x, y)
surface.blit(textobj, textrect)
# set up pygame, the window, and the mouse cursor
pygame.init()
mainClock = pygame.time.Clock()
windowSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('car race')
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
# fonts
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 30)
# sounds
gameOverSound = pygame.mixer.Sound('music/crash.wav')
pygame.mixer.music.load('music/car.wav')
laugh = pygame.mixer.Sound('music/laugh.wav')
# images
playerImage = pygame.image.load('image/car1.png')
car3 = pygame.image.load('image/car3.png')
car4 = pygame.image.load('image/car4.png')
playerRect = playerImage.get_rect()
baddieImage = pygame.image.load('image/car2.png')
sample = [car3,car4,baddieImage]
wallLeft = pygame.image.load('image/left.png')
wallRight = pygame.image.load('image/right.png')
# "Start" screen
drawText('Press any key to start the game.', font, windowSurface, (WINDOWWIDTH / 3) -
30, (WINDOWHEIGHT / 3))
drawText('And Enjoy', font, windowSurface, (WINDOWWIDTH / 3), (WINDOWHEIGHT /
3)+30)
pygame.display.update()
waitForPlayerToPressKey()
zero=0
if not os.path.exists("data/save.dat"):
f=open("data/save.dat",'w')
f.write(str(zero))
f.close()
v=open("data/save.dat",'r')
45. topScore = int(v.readline())
v.close()
while (count>0):
# start of the game
baddies = []
score = 0
playerRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH / 2, WINDOWHEIGHT - 50)
moveLeft = moveRight = moveUp = moveDown = False
reverseCheat = slowCheat = False
baddieAddCounter = 0
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)
while True: # the game loop
score += 1 # increase score
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
terminate()
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
if event.key == ord('z'):
reverseCheat = True
if event.key == ord('x'):
slowCheat = True
if event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
moveRight = False
moveLeft = True
if event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
moveLeft = False
moveRight = True
if event.key == K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
moveDown = False
moveUp = True
if event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == ord('s'):
moveUp = False
moveDown = True
if event.type == KEYUP:
if event.key == ord('z'):
reverseCheat = False
score = 0
if event.key == ord('x'):
slowCheat = False
score = 0
if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
terminate()
if event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
moveLeft = False
if event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
46. moveRight = False
if event.key == K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
moveUp = False
if event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == ord('s'):
moveDown = False
# Add new baddies at the top of the screen
if not reverseCheat and not slowCheat:
baddieAddCounter += 1
if baddieAddCounter == ADDNEWBADDIERATE:
baddieAddCounter = 0
baddieSize =30
newBaddie = {'rect': pygame.Rect(random.randint(140, 485), 0 - baddieSize, 23,
47),
'speed': random.randint(BADDIEMINSPEED, BADDIEMAXSPEED),
'surface':pygame.transform.scale(random.choice(sample), (23, 47)),
}
baddies.append(newBaddie)
sideLeft= {'rect': pygame.Rect(0,0,126,600),
'speed': random.randint(BADDIEMINSPEED, BADDIEMAXSPEED),
'surface':pygame.transform.scale(wallLeft, (126, 599)),
}
baddies.append(sideLeft)
sideRight= {'rect': pygame.Rect(497,0,303,600),
'speed': random.randint(BADDIEMINSPEED, BADDIEMAXSPEED),
'surface':pygame.transform.scale(wallRight, (303, 599)),
}
baddies.append(sideRight)
# Move the player around.
if moveLeft and playerRect.left > 0:
playerRect.move_ip(-1 * PLAYERMOVERATE, 0)
if moveRight and playerRect.right < WINDOWWIDTH:
playerRect.move_ip(PLAYERMOVERATE, 0)
if moveUp and playerRect.top > 0:
playerRect.move_ip(0, -1 * PLAYERMOVERATE)
if moveDown and playerRect.bottom < WINDOWHEIGHT:
playerRect.move_ip(0, PLAYERMOVERATE)
for b in baddies:
if not reverseCheat and not slowCheat:
b['rect'].move_ip(0, b['speed'])
elif reverseCheat:
b['rect'].move_ip(0, -5)
elif slowCheat:
b['rect'].move_ip(0, 1)
47. for b in baddies[:]:
if b['rect'].top > WINDOWHEIGHT:
baddies.remove(b)
# Draw the game world on the window.
windowSurface.fill(BACKGROUNDCOLOR)
# Draw the score and top score.
drawText('Score: %s' % (score), font, windowSurface, 128, 0)
drawText('Top Score: %s' % (topScore), font, windowSurface,128, 20)
drawText('Rest Life: %s' % (count), font, windowSurface,128, 40)
windowSurface.blit(playerImage, playerRect)
for b in baddies:
windowSurface.blit(b['surface'], b['rect'])
pygame.display.update()
# Check if any of the car have hit the player.
if playerHasHitBaddie(playerRect, baddies):
if score > topScore:
g=open("data/save.dat",'w')
g.write(str(score))
g.close()
topScore = score
break
mainClock.tick(FPS)
# "Game Over" screen.
pygame.mixer.music.stop()
count=count-1
gameOverSound.play()
time.sleep(1)
if (count==0):
laugh.play()
drawText('Game over', font, windowSurface, (WINDOWWIDTH / 3), (WINDOWHEIGHT
/ 3))
drawText('Press any key to play again.', font, windowSurface, (WINDOWWIDTH / 3) -
80, (WINDOWHEIGHT / 3) + 30)
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(2)
waitForPlayerToPressKey()
count=3
gameOverSound.stop()
Output:
Result: