2. Generic Database Interfaces
and APIs
• ODBC Support
o pyodbc
o mxODBC
• ADO Support
o adodbapi
• JDBC Support
o Integrated in Jython
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
3. pyodbc
• Connect to a Database
Make a direct connection to a database and
create a cursor.
import pyodbc
cnxn = pyodbc.connect('DRIVER={SQL Server};
SERVER=localhost;
DATABASE=testdb;
UID=user;
PWD=pass')
cursor = cnxn.cursor()
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
4. pyodbc
• Selecting Some Data
Execute query then fetch results.
cursor.execute("select user_id, user_name from users")
row = cursor.fetchone()
print 'name:', row[1] # access by column index
print 'name:', row.user_name # or access by name
cursor.execute("select user_id, user_name from users")
rows = cursor.fetchall()
for row in rows:
print row.user_id, row.user_name
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
5. pyodbc
• Inserting or deleting
Execute query then commit changes.
cursor.execute("insert into products(id, name) values ('pyodbc',
'awesome')")
cnxn.commit()
deleted = cursor.execute("delete from products where id <> 'pyodbc'").r
cnxn.commit()
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
6. Interfaces for Relational
Database Systems
• General Purpose Database Systems
• Database Systems for Embedding Into
Applications
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
7. General Purpose Database
Systems
• Microsoft SQL Server
• Oracle
• MySQL
• IBM DB2
• PostgreSQL
• Firebird (and Interbase)
• Informix
• SAP DB (also known as "MaxDB")
• …
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
8. • mssql
o MS SQL Server module for Python
• pymssql
o A fast MS SQL server client library for Python directly using C API
instead of ODBC.
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
9. • cx_Oracle
o Lite Oracle DB Server module for Python
• DCOracle2
o Advanced Python DB API 2.0 adapter for Oracle from
Zope company.
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
10. • MySQLdb
o The most famous library for connecting MySQL
in python.
• PyMySQL
o Pure-Python MySQL client library.
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
11. MySQLdb
• Benefits:
o Very fast and optimized ( written in C)
o Has big community
o Defense SQL injection
o very efficient
import MySQLdb
conn = mysql.connect(‘localhost’, ‘username’, ‘password’, ‘db name’)
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute(‚Example query‛)
cursor.commit() #needed for insert and delete
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
12. • Ibm_db
o Python support for IBM DB2 and IBM Informix
• PyDB2
o Pure-Python DB2 interface library.
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
13. • Psycopg
o The most popular PostgreSQL adapter for the Python
• PyGreSQL
o Open-source Python module that interfaces to
a PostgreSQL database
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
14. Interfaces for Non-Relational
Database Systems
• MetaKit
• ZODB
• Berkeley DB
• Durus
• Atop
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
15. Native Python Databases
• Buzhug
o buzhug is a fast, portable, pure-Python database engine, using a
pythonic non-SQL syntax for all operations.
• SnakeSQL
o SnakeSQL is a pure Python SQL database written to remove
the dependence of the Python Web Modules on 3rd party
drivers for non-Python databases.
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
16. Django is a high-level Python Web
framework that encourages rapid
development and clean, pragmatic
design.
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
17. Set database server
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.’ # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3'
or 'oracle'.
'NAME': 'main_db.db', # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
'USER': '',
'PASSWORD': '',
'HOST': '', # Set to empty string for localhost.
'PORT': '', # Set to empty string for default.
}
}
Python database interfaces Fall 2012
