The document discusses the Pythagorean theorem and distance formula. The Pythagorean theorem states that for any right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. An example problem demonstrates using the theorem to solve for the length of one side. The distance formula calculates the distance between two points in a plane by taking the square root of the sum of the squared differences of their x- and y-coordinates. An example applies the formula to find the distance between two points.
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