Taipei 101 is a 508-meter tall skyscraper in Taipei, Taiwan that was the world's tallest building from 2004 to 2010. It has 101 floors above ground and 5 floors underground. To withstand typhoons and earthquakes, which regularly occur in the region, the building incorporates several innovative structural designs. It is supported by 380 piles that extend over 80 meters into bedrock. It also has a 728-ton steel ball suspended in the building that sways to dampen vibrations during seismic activity. These designs have allowed Taipei 101 to withstand winds up to 134 mph and a major earthquake during construction, making it one of the most stable supertall skyscrapers ever built.

1. TAIPEI 101

2. GINTRODUCTION
 Taipei 101 and formerly known as
the Taipei World Financial Center – is
a landmark supertall skyscraper in Xinyi
District, Taipei, Republic of China.
 The building was officially classified as
the world's tallest in 2004, and remained
such until the opening of Burj
Khalifa in Dubai in 2010.
 In 2011, the building was awarded the
LEED platinum certification, the highest
award according to the Leadership in
Energy and Environmental
Design (LEED) rating system, and
became the tallest and largest green
building in the world.

3. FEATURES
• Taipei 101 is 508-meter high,
• 101-story tower
• a five-story deep basement
• 61 elevators
• most floor plan areas vary between 2000 and 2500
square meters (21,500 to 27,000 square feet),
• Building aspect ratio (height/width) to the main roof is
about 9 based on its ‘waist’ (and 6.8 counting the wider
base).
• Construction began in 1999 and ended this year 2004.
• Architectural style is similar to a pagoda and bamboo.
• Major materials used are glass and steel .

4. CHALLENGES
• Height
• Typhoon
• Winds
• Frequent strong Earthquakes
• Weak clayey soils

5. WIND DESIGN
• Skyscrapers must be flexible in strong winds
yet remain rigid enough to prevent large
sideways movement (lateral drift).
• Flexibility prevents structural damage while
resistance ensures comfort for the
occupants and protection of glass, curtain
walls and other features.
• Thirty-six columns support Taipei 101,
including eight "mega-columns" packed with
10,000 psi (69 MPa) concrete.
• Every eight floors, outrigger trusses connect
the columns in the building's core to those
on the exterior.

6. SUPERSTRUCTURE
CONSTRUCTION
The structure is reinforced by a moment frame
system linking the column on all floors.
Massive steel outrigger trusses span
between the columns on every eight floors.

7. WELDING OF SUPER-COLUMN

8. Cross section of super column and reinforcement filled
with high strength concrete upto level 62.

9. FOUNDATION DETAILS
• One of the most stable buildings ever
constructed
• Reinforced by 380 piles driven 262 feet
into the ground, extending as far as 30
meters (98 ft. ) into the bedrock.
• Each pile is 5 feet in diameter and can
withstand a load of 1100-1450 tons, that is
2,900,000 pounds each.

10. Foundation depth 80 metres.

11. Reverse circulation pile.

12. SEISMIC DESIGN
Taipei 101 includes a 728-ton sphere
locked in a net of thick steel cables
hung way up toward the top of the
building.
Tuned mass damper

13. • A TUNED MASS DAMPER
OCCUPIES LEVEL 87 TO 91
• 736 TON SPHERE OF STACKED
STEEL PLATES
• SUSPENDED FROM 4 STEEL
CABLES
• IT’S A PENDULUM 0.26 OF
BUILDINGS TOTAL WEIGHT

14. PRINCIPLE
As LATERAL FORCE pass up through
the structure, the ball remains all but
stationary; its inertia helps to counteract
the movements of the building around it,
thus “dampening” the LATERAL
FORCE.

15. TMD CONSTRUCTION
• Tuned mass damper of stacked field-welded steel plates will swing as a
pendulum on steel cables.

16. Assembly of the Tuned Mass
Damper
Completed Assembly of the
Tuned Mass Damper

17. STRENGTHS
• Designed to withstand typhoons and
earthquakes.
• Withstands 134 mph winds.
• Withstood a 7.0 Richter scale earthquake,
which only happens in a 2,500 year cycle.
• Withstood a 6.8 earthquake during construction
in which a crane fell off of the tower and killed 5
people.

18. THANK YOU
PRESENTATION BY - C.DEEPAK
AKARSHAN CHAUHAN
II – YEAR A