When asked when it is best to train a dog, cynologists answer that you can start training at any age, but puppies are most receptive to training. From the moment the baby appears in the house, it is necessary to raise it, accustom it to the toilet, couch, and bowl, and teach obedience, and rules of behavior in the house, then on the street, and in public places. The first component of training is getting used to the nickname and mastering the basic block of commands that are necessary in a home environment. Around two months, the puppy should be gradually accustomed to the collar, then to the leash, after which it will be possible to walk it, reinforce learned commands and teach new ones.

1. Puppy training
Content:
How to properly train a puppy
What commands to start training a puppy with
Treats for training puppies
What training is necessary for a puppy
When asked when it is best to train a dog, cynologists answer that you can start training at
any age, but puppies are most receptive to training. From the moment the baby appears in
the house, it is necessary to raise it, accustom it to the toilet, couch, bowl, teach obedience,
rules of behavior in the house, then on the street, in public places. The first component of
training is getting used to the nickname and mastering the basic block of commands that are
necessary in a home environment. Around two months, the puppy should be gradually

2. accustomed to the collar, then to the leash, after which it will be possible to walk it, reinforce
learned commands and teach new ones.
How to properly train a puppy
A puppy of any breed must undergo basic training - an obedience course. An owner who
intends to train a pet himself must know how to train a puppy. Basic principles, rules of
upbringing and training:
you need to form a list of prohibitions and not allow the puppy to violate them. Indulging in
misdemeanors at a young age will lead to the need for re-education, re-learning, additional
difficulties, and the dog will be less amenable to training;
having given a command, be sure to enforce it, otherwise the authority of the owner-trainer
will be undermined;
use a nickname in pleasant situations for the puppy, but do not call him by name when
scolding or calling to punish;
if you plan to teach the dog to commands and gestures different from the generally accepted
ones, use them from the very beginning of training. It is also not possible to sometimes use
the words "sit", "sit" as a command "Sit!", "lie down" instead of "lie down!", the wording must
be the same;
combination of two commands in one phrase is unacceptable. To human phrases like "Don't
lie down, but sit!" the dog is unable to react adequately;
if the puppy constantly does not follow your commands correctly, do not be in a hurry to
blame him for being clumsy or disobedient. Perhaps it is you who teach him incorrectly, you
do not know how to clearly explain what is required of him. It is worth trying to contact a
professional trainer;
one should take into account the age and physiological features of the puppy, be prepared
for the fact that it will not master the commands from the first time, be patient and not
demand too much from the pet;
be persistent, but do not show aggression towards the animal, do not resort to cruel physical
punishments. Obedience should be based on respect and love, not fear;
one person (the owner or a professional trainer) should train the puppy.
The upbringing of dogs is based on the fact that they have a mandatory obedience to the
leader by nature. So the human approach to raising a puppy is unacceptable. But the
principles of training dogs and training people have a lot in common. It is important to have a
system, regular classes, consistency, a gradual transition from simple to complex, an
individual approach. First, training is carried out, acquaintance with new teams,
demonstration of correct behavior, then training, consolidation of what has been passed. At
this stage, the elements are made more difficult, gradually increasing the time or distance
during which the puppy performs the command. New teams first practice at home, in a

3. familiar environment, then on the playground, on the streets of the city. This stage is called
adaptation.
Usually, when training a puppy, methods of punishment for disobedience and
encouragement for correct performance are combined. Punishment should be done only for
refusing to follow the command, and not for careful but incorrect execution. To choose the
most effective method of encouragement (treats or play), you need to know your pet's
character well.
Training should not be monotonous, boring, cause fatigue. It is better to start with 30-40
minutes, gradually increase the duration to an hour. Take breaks for rest, play, give the
puppy the opportunity to run around a little between working out teams. It is not necessary to
overload the pet, to demand the execution of many new commands during one lesson. One
command should also not be given too much time, the maximum number of repetitions is 3,
the only exception is the command "Near!", which must be repeated several times during
movement. It is necessary to give different commands with an interval of at least 5 seconds
so that the pet has time to react. The sequence of working out teams in different classes
should not be the same.
Before starting training, the puppy must be walked so that it is less distracted by stimuli. You
should not start training immediately after feeding, a full dog is more indifferent to treats that
motivate him. In the early days, when the endurance is still being developed, a leash is
necessary on the street, in the playground, which will not allow the dog to run away, for
example, to chase a cat. If the pet shows signs of fatigue, training should be ended. It must
necessarily end on a positive note, especially if the puppy is tired or you are dissatisfied with

4. them, often scolded or punished. At the end, give the command that he does best, be sure to
praise and reward him.
What commands to start training a puppy with
How to start training a puppy? From getting used to the nickname and mastering the
so-called commands of the first block. The nickname is used when stroking, caressing, and
feeding a pet. At the same time, the command "To me!" is mastered, with which the dog is
called, it must be used together with the nickname. In order to better consolidate the
reaction, it is desirable that something pleasant happens in the first moments after the
execution of the command - caress, play, feeding.
The voice command is duplicated with a gesture (patting on the thigh). On the street, a
puppy that is already used to this command may get confused and not respond to it. In this
case, you should pull the leash or pretend that you are leaving, leaving him alone. When the
puppy runs to you, repeat the command "To me!" again. It cannot be used if you call the dog
to punish.
Another important command that the puppy should learn among the first is "Place!". With its
help, the pet is accustomed to lying down. At first, the baby should be taken to the litter
every time this command is given, then he should get used to going there on his own. It is
not possible to attract the puppy to the couch with food, another place is set aside for
feeding.

5. The first block also includes the prohibition team "Fu!" ("You can't!"), which is used every
time the puppy misbehaves (bites things, growls at the owner or guests, picks up food from
the floor). The command is pronounced in a harsh, firm voice, with a threatening intonation,
and disobedience is punished and slapped.
When the basics of puppy training are laid, you can move on to mastering the next block of
basic commands. A dog that is being walked, taken to the vet, must be used to a collar, a
leash, know and obey the commands "Sit!", "Lie down!", "Stand!", "Next!". In the process of
learning the first three puppies are given the necessary position by pressing on the rump,
withers, using hands and leash, as well as treats for reinforcement.
Before fixing the command "Near!" you need to start when the puppy has properly walked,
ran around. Be sure to use the leash to pull it to the left leg, if it jumps forward or lags
behind, does not rush to follow the command. To begin with, you need to ensure that the
puppy remains in the required position for at least half a minute, walks next to it. The
duration of command execution gradually increases,
The command "Walk!" will also be useful, which cancels the action of other commands. In
the future, if desired, you can teach the puppy the commands "Give!", "Fetch!", "Voice!",
"Give a paw!", and here is the command "Fas!" it is recommended to learn with a young dog
no younger than 10 months.These commands, although included in the general course, are
not mandatory.
Treats for training puppies

6. One of the main methods of dog training is palatability, it consists in the fact that correct
actions are reinforced with treats. They must:
like a puppy;
do not cause allergies in the pet;
be useful for the dog's health, not very fatty and high-calorie, without spices, chemical
preservatives and other harmful additives;
be of such a size that it is convenient for the puppy to grab and chew each piece;
be convenient for use on a walk, feeding from the hands, do not contaminate them, do not
crumble.
Optimeal dry puppy food meets most of these requirements, it is characterized by a small
pellet size, contains useful ingredients, it can be simply poured into a pocket or container
when going for a walk. But experts do not recommend using everyday food, which the pet
receives without any effort, as an incentive. He can be motivated to perform commands by
occasional treats, which are therefore perceived as a reward.
Treats from veins, dried ears, tails are not suitable for training, they are intended for
prolonged chewing, and during training, the reward must be eaten instantly. When choosing
ready-made treats - dog galettes, balls, rolls, biscuits, chips, you need to make sure that the
size is suitable for puppies and that the treats do not include harmful additives. In pet stores
and veterinary pharmacies, you can find treats with a vitamin and mineral supplement. It
should be remembered that an excess of vitamins and minerals is as harmful as their
deficiency, and that feeding should correspond to age and breed.
Many dogs like hard cheese, it is convenient to cut it into pieces of the right size. But you
need to choose varieties with minimal fat and unsalted. Cheese makes you thirsty, can
cause indigestion, sometimes - allergies. Sausages cut into small pieces are also
convenient, but they are not the best treats for puppies due to their high fat, salt and spice
content. So it is better to use them in minimal quantities and infrequently. Some dogs like
dried banana, dried apples, carrot pieces.

7. You can prepare a delicious reward yourself:
cubes of oven-dried meat, offal;
croutons from bread, which can be sprinkled with olive oil;
cookies made of minced meat with the addition of an egg, flour.
It is categorically impossible to use sweets, especially chocolate, fatty, spicy food, smoked
meats, and pickles as treats for puppies.
Depending on which team is working out, treats can be:
hold out the puppy on an open palm;
hold in a raised hand so that the dog can reach for the treat only as a result of the command;
putting in the open mouth of the puppy, which is in a static position, works out endurance.
What training is necessary for a puppy
For puppies, training is a natural continuation of education. An obedience course must be
completed by every puppy, regardless of whether the dog will participate in exhibitions,
competitions, or perform certain tasks. Basic commands are designed to ensure the safety
of the dog itself and others, so that the owner can control his pet in any situation, limit his
movement, independent activity. The puppy must be able to respond to the call, respond to
the ban, take the place specified by the owner or take a certain pose and stay in it until the
next command.

8. There are many commands aimed at practicing specific skills that are not needed in
everyday life, but thanks to them the dog can provide help to people or entertain them. Their
development is optional, it can be started after the obedience course has been completed. It
takes at least 4 months to complete a full course of general training, special training can be
started only after its completion. By this time, the dog is already out of puppyhood.