This document provides an overview of public speaking and audience analysis. It defines public speaking as talking in front of a group with some preparation. The document outlines different purposes of speeches such as to inform, persuade, or entertain. It emphasizes the importance of knowing your specific purpose and keeping your general purpose in mind. The document also defines audience analysis as learning about your audience in order to adapt your message. It describes demographic, attitudinal, and environmental analysis as key parts of audience analysis.

1. Public Speaking

2. Outline
 Introduction
 What is Public Speaking ?
 What is Audience Analysis?
 Conclusion

3. Introduction
 Your public speaking abilities reflect on
your professionalism and knowledge of
the topic as well as credibility. A key to
being a good presenter is to know the
purpose of your presentation, deliver a
clear message and analyse your audience.

4. What is public speaking?
• Public speaking involves talking in front of a
group of people, usually with some preparation. It
can be in front of people that you know (e.g. at a
family celebration) or a crowd of strangers.
Unlike a presentation there normally isn’t a lot of
opportunity for interaction between the audience
and the speaker – the speaker speaks, and the
audience (hopefully) listens.

5.  Speeches have different functions. These include
being persuasive (e.g. trying to convince the audience
to vote for you), informative (e.g. speaking about the
dangers of climate change), entertaining (e.g. a best
man’s speech at a wedding) or celebratory (e.g. to
introduce the winner of an award). Some speeches
may have more than one of these aims.

6. Know your purpose
• There are two types of purposes: a general purpose and a
specific purpose.
The general purpose is one of three options:
To inform: to share information with listeners by
defining, describing, or explaining a thing, person, place,
concept, process, or function.
To persuade: to change or reinforce a listener's attitude,
belief, value, or behavior.
To entertain: to help listeners have a good time by
getting them to relax, smile, and laugh.

7. The specific purpose requires two steps:
Identify a behavioral objective: what do you want
your audience to do after your speech
Formulate the specific purpose: a goal statement that
focuses your speech on the audience

8. Three guidelines for preparing your specific purpose:
1. use words that refer to observable or measurable
behavior
2. limit the specific purpose to a single idea
3. reflect the needs, interests, expectations, and level
of knowledge of your audience
 Having a specific purpose will help keep you on
track while preparing your speech.

9.  Always keep your general purpose in mind
To inform
To persuade
To entertain
 As you develop your work you will find a more
specific purpose.

10. What is Audience Analysis?
“Audience analysis is the process of
learning who your audience is, what
they are thinking, and how you can best
reach them.”

11.  Audience analysis is the process of examining
information about your listeners. That analysis helps
you to adapt your message so that your listeners will
respond as you wish.
 When we analyze our audience, there are three ways
to do this; demographic analysis, attitudinal
analysis, and environmental analysis.

12. • Demographic Analysis involves age, gender, culture,
ethnicity, race, religion, and educational level.
Examples of Demographic Analysis Questions:
• What is the age of people in the audience?
• Are there significant cultural differences within the
audience?
• What is the educational level of the audience?
• How many males and females are there in the
audience?

13.  Attitudinal Analysis addresses the
audience's attitudes, beliefs, and values.
 An attitude defines what a person likes or dislikes.
When you choose a topic, it is important to find out
your audience's attitudes toward the subject. If you
are doing a speech on rap, does your audience like
rap.
 A belief is what you believe to be true or false. You
may believe that rap is destroying the minds of young
teenagers.

14.  A value is "a person's beliefs or standards." You may
value the future and the young minds that will be
running the future. It is very important to find out
before your speech what people's attitudes are about
your subject. If you know these three things, it will
be much easier to bring your audience to the
responses that you want.

15. Sample Attitudinal Analysis Questions
 What are the audience's beliefs, and attitudes, toward
the topic?
 What are the relevant audience values and motives in
regard to this topic?

16.  Environmental Analysis is finding out things like
the seating arrangement, the number of people
likely to attend, and the room lighting.
 The way the seats are arranged will affect the
audience's response. It is also important to know how
many people will be there for the speech.

17.  The way the room is lighted will affect the way the
audience responds. If it is dark and the speaker is
showing overheads, there will not be conversation.
But if the room is light and open, the audience may
feel more free to talk.
 The seating arrangement, the number of people and
the room lighting are all factors that will affect the
speech.

18. Sample Environmental Analysis Questions
 How many will be in the audience?
 How will the seating be arranged?
 Will there be a podium? a microphone?
 Will there be noise and distractions?
 Will I have access to A.V. equipment?

19. Conclusion
 Remember! People are egocentric, they
will only listen if it pertains to them. So,
take some time to adapt your message!