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Public-Private Partnership. Does it really work? Lessons from Ireland
- 1. European Urban Summer School Public-Private Partnership. Does it really work? Lessons from Ireland Richard Hamilton www.urb.ie richard@urb.ie twitter.com/UrbTownplanning 17th September 2010 www.lifeafterroundabouts.blogspot.com/
- 8. • PPP definition: • “A contractual arrangement between public sector organisations and private interests, with clear agreement on specific shared objectives, for the delivery of an asset or service that would otherwise have been provided through traditional public sector procurement processes and mechanisms”
- 11. Evolving PPP framework • 3 main phases: – 1986 to 1994 Taxation incentives – 1994 to 1998 Changing Economic context – 1998 to 2008 Celtic Tiger Economy
- 12. Ireland in the 1980s Ireland
- 13. 18% Unemployment 48% Unemployment in construction Construction activity decline 20% 1982 - 86 Mass emigration Dereliction in urban areas Aims: Political Motivation Generate Development Create Employment
- 14. Taxation led renewal • 1986 Urban Renewal Act – Taxation allowances for capital expenditure for construction set-off against income/corporation tax – Rent allowances, Rates allowances – Income tax relief for owner occupiers – Taxation relief for investors – Corporation Tax 10% in IFSC – Incentive areas designated Incentives to develop but no up front costs
- 15. International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) Dublin Construction commenced 1988 By 2000: Over 40,000 sq.m./ €152m investment 8,000 direct employees in 485 International Finance Companies 8,500 in related firms €700m Corporation tax paid in 2002 1997 Dublin Docklands Development Authority formed
- 16. Temple Bar 11 Hectare city centre site – designated bus terminus Cultural, artistic and entertainment quarter Temple bar development Council - Area Action Plan – European City of Culture 1991 Temple Bar Area Renewal and Development Act, 1991 Temple Bar attracted some €51.55m in EU and State funding, of which €28.06m from European Regional Development Fund.
- 17. Celtic Tiger – Typical PPP model Phase 3 1998 to 2008 • Full employment • In-migration • GNP growth of 8% per annum • National Development Plan • Programme for Prosperity and Fairness • Urban Renewal based on Integrated Area Plans
- 18. Motivation for PPP? • Ideological. Engaging the private sector in the delivery of predominantly state activities • Overcome resource restraint • Major infrastructure delivery • Value for money • Risk Sharing • EU Maasricht Treaty 1997 – Growth and Stability Pact – Government deficits to be kept within the limit or reference value of 3% – Eurostat Guidance – PPP is off Government Books
- 19. Fatima Mansions Urban Renewal Act 1998, extended incentive areas to local authority housing Eleven Acres, Ten Steps – ‘a brief from the People of Fatima to the planners, developers and serviceproviders who will help shape the renewal of Fatima’ PPP scheme Design Build and Finance • 150 social rented dwellings • 70 affordable dwellings for sale to low-income households • 396 private apartments for sale on the open market • Neighbourhood centre, community services and recreation facilities • €6.5 million towards the cost of a social regeneration
- 20. The Digital Hub 3.6 Hectares Objective = CREATING AN INTERNATIONAL CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR KNOWLEDGE, INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY FOCUSED AROUND DIGITAL MEDIA ENTERPRISE Integrated Area Plan 1998 Digital Media Development Ltd. (DMDL) to manage PPP Media Lab Europe established in association with MIT Urban Design Framework Plan 2002
- 22. Conflict between heritage and private development proposals 2008 breakdown in Urban PPP Market change Breakdown in financing structures for government and private sector Cumbersome procurement, accounting and legal arrangements