The document summarizes Kenya's Public Audit Act, which establishes rules and procedures for auditing the accounts of the Kenyan government, state corporations, and local authorities. It outlines requirements for preparing and submitting various accounts, the Controller and Auditor-General's duties to audit accounts and report findings to the National Assembly, and establishes the Kenya National Audit Office and Commission.
This document provides an overview of Pakistan's government accounting framework. It discusses the legislative framework including the constitution and audit laws. It then covers the budget process, accounting principles, chart of accounts, financial reporting, and accounting policies and procedures. The accounting framework is based on a modified cash basis of accounting and aims to integrate accounting, reporting, and administrative requirements.
Decree 128/2004/ND-CP guiding the implementation of certain articles of law o...AC&C Consulting Co., Ltd.
This decree details and guides the implementation of certain articles of Vietnam's Accounting Law as it applies to state accounting. It defines the scope and subjects of the decree, including state agencies, political and social organizations, and individuals involved in state accounting. It also outlines accounting objects and principles for state budget revenues/expenditures, administrative activities, and non-budget units. The decree specifies currencies, accounting periods, responsibilities for accounting information, and accounting voucher forms.
The Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) is the highest appellate authority under the Income Tax Ordinance, 2001. It is appointed by the Federal Government and hears appeals against decisions of the Commissioner (Appeals). The ITAT consists of judicial and accountant members appointed by the Federal Government. It regulates its own procedures and decides appeals through benches, with decisions made based on majority opinion. A decision on a point of fact by the ITAT is final, while a decision involving a point of law can be referred to the High Court.
This document outlines the Kerala Account Code which describes the accounting system and classification of transactions for the government of Kerala. It discusses:
1. The three volumes of the Kerala Account Code and the functions of the Controller and Auditor General of India in relation to government accounts.
2. The general system of government accounts including how transactions are recorded and classified, accounts are maintained at various levels, and monthly, annual and consolidated reports are prepared.
3. The main classifications of accounts into the Consolidated Fund, Contingency Fund and Public Account. Transactions are further classified by sector, major head, minor head and detailed head.
4. Other accounting principles around capital vs revenue expenditure, accounts between different
This document discusses revenue audit in Malaysia. It provides context on Malaysian government revenues, which are mainly from taxes. Taxes include direct taxes collected by the Inland Revenue Board such as income tax, and indirect taxes collected by the Royal Customs and Excise Department such as import duties. The Auditor General is mandated to audit government revenues under the Federal Constitution and Audit Act. Revenue laws allow the Auditor General access to financial records to audit both tax assessment and collection. The National Audit Department audits assessment and collection of revenues by reviewing tax files and customs declaration forms.
This document outlines procedures for the collection and recovery of tax in Pakistan, including:
- Due dates for tax payment and options for installment plans or extensions.
- Recovery methods for unpaid taxes such as attaching and selling property, appointing receivers, or arresting the taxpayer for up to 6 months.
- Specific provisions for private companies, associations of persons, bankruptcies, non-residents, ships/aircrafts, and persons leaving the country to ensure taxes can still be recovered.
- Powers given to the Commissioner and District Officers to certify unpaid taxes and recover them as if they were civil debts or land revenue.
This document provides an overview of tax collection and recovery provisions under the Income Tax Act of India (Sections 190-234D). It discusses general principles of deduction at source, direct payment of tax, and various types of deductions including for salaries (Section 192), interest on securities (Section 193), and dividends (Section 194). The summary focuses on high-level topics covered rather than detailed legal provisions.
The document discusses refunds under tax law. It states that a taxpayer who has paid excess tax may apply for a refund within two years of the tax assessment or payment. The Commissioner must refund any excess paid after applying it against other outstanding taxes. If a refund is not paid within three months, the taxpayer is entitled to additional compensation at the KIBOR interest rate until the refund is paid. Appeals procedures are outlined for taxpayers aggrieved by refund decisions.
This document provides an overview of Pakistan's government accounting framework. It discusses the legislative framework including the constitution and audit laws. It then covers the budget process, accounting principles, chart of accounts, financial reporting, and accounting policies and procedures. The accounting framework is based on a modified cash basis of accounting and aims to integrate accounting, reporting, and administrative requirements.
Decree 128/2004/ND-CP guiding the implementation of certain articles of law o...AC&C Consulting Co., Ltd.
This decree details and guides the implementation of certain articles of Vietnam's Accounting Law as it applies to state accounting. It defines the scope and subjects of the decree, including state agencies, political and social organizations, and individuals involved in state accounting. It also outlines accounting objects and principles for state budget revenues/expenditures, administrative activities, and non-budget units. The decree specifies currencies, accounting periods, responsibilities for accounting information, and accounting voucher forms.
The Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) is the highest appellate authority under the Income Tax Ordinance, 2001. It is appointed by the Federal Government and hears appeals against decisions of the Commissioner (Appeals). The ITAT consists of judicial and accountant members appointed by the Federal Government. It regulates its own procedures and decides appeals through benches, with decisions made based on majority opinion. A decision on a point of fact by the ITAT is final, while a decision involving a point of law can be referred to the High Court.
This document outlines the Kerala Account Code which describes the accounting system and classification of transactions for the government of Kerala. It discusses:
1. The three volumes of the Kerala Account Code and the functions of the Controller and Auditor General of India in relation to government accounts.
2. The general system of government accounts including how transactions are recorded and classified, accounts are maintained at various levels, and monthly, annual and consolidated reports are prepared.
3. The main classifications of accounts into the Consolidated Fund, Contingency Fund and Public Account. Transactions are further classified by sector, major head, minor head and detailed head.
4. Other accounting principles around capital vs revenue expenditure, accounts between different
This document discusses revenue audit in Malaysia. It provides context on Malaysian government revenues, which are mainly from taxes. Taxes include direct taxes collected by the Inland Revenue Board such as income tax, and indirect taxes collected by the Royal Customs and Excise Department such as import duties. The Auditor General is mandated to audit government revenues under the Federal Constitution and Audit Act. Revenue laws allow the Auditor General access to financial records to audit both tax assessment and collection. The National Audit Department audits assessment and collection of revenues by reviewing tax files and customs declaration forms.
This document outlines procedures for the collection and recovery of tax in Pakistan, including:
- Due dates for tax payment and options for installment plans or extensions.
- Recovery methods for unpaid taxes such as attaching and selling property, appointing receivers, or arresting the taxpayer for up to 6 months.
- Specific provisions for private companies, associations of persons, bankruptcies, non-residents, ships/aircrafts, and persons leaving the country to ensure taxes can still be recovered.
- Powers given to the Commissioner and District Officers to certify unpaid taxes and recover them as if they were civil debts or land revenue.
This document provides an overview of tax collection and recovery provisions under the Income Tax Act of India (Sections 190-234D). It discusses general principles of deduction at source, direct payment of tax, and various types of deductions including for salaries (Section 192), interest on securities (Section 193), and dividends (Section 194). The summary focuses on high-level topics covered rather than detailed legal provisions.
The document discusses refunds under tax law. It states that a taxpayer who has paid excess tax may apply for a refund within two years of the tax assessment or payment. The Commissioner must refund any excess paid after applying it against other outstanding taxes. If a refund is not paid within three months, the taxpayer is entitled to additional compensation at the KIBOR interest rate until the refund is paid. Appeals procedures are outlined for taxpayers aggrieved by refund decisions.
Accounting reform in the Korean government - John Kim, KoreaOECD Governance
This presentation was made by John Kim, Korea, at the 10th OECD-Asian Senior Budget Officials Annual Meeting held in Bangkok, Thailand, on 18-19 December 2014.
The document provides instructions and guidelines for preparing quarterly electronic Tax Deducted at Source (eTDS) data in India for the assessment year 2009-2010. It includes an overview of the key systems involved like OLTAS and ERACS. It discusses the sections under which TDS is charged, why eTDS is necessary, the phases of implementation and furnishing eTDS returns through the TIN Facilitation Centers. It also provides details on the file formats, sections covered, websites for software and steps for data preparation using the Return Preparation Utility.
The document outlines procedures for the collection and recovery of tax in Pakistan. It discusses:
- Due dates for tax payment and options for installment plans or extensions.
- Recovery of unpaid taxes through attachment of property, appointment of receivers, or arrest of taxpayers.
- Recovery assistance from district revenue officers, bankruptcy estates, private companies, and persons holding money for taxpayers.
- Specific procedures for non-resident ship owners, aircraft owners, and persons about to leave the country.
This document provides a summary of provisions related to tax collection and recovery in India. It discusses key sections of the Income Tax Act that deal with collection and recovery (sections 220-232). It outlines the legislative history of changes to various sections over time. It then discusses the concepts of an "assessee in default" and levy of interest on defaulted payments. Specific topics covered include when tax is payable, deeming a taxpayer in default, computation of interest on defaulted payments, and how interest is adjusted in cases where the tax demand amount changes over time such as due to appeals.
Audit of the Parliamentary Assistance Allowance - 09/01/2008FactaMedia
The document is a confidential internal audit report on the parliamentary assistance allowance. It finds issues with simplifying the administrative management of assistance, defining reimbursable costs, service contracts, employment contracts, and paying agents. The report provides action plans to address the findings, including proposals requiring political decisions. It aims to improve transparency, legality and financial management of the allowance.
The document summarizes the authorities that administer income tax in Bangladesh. It discusses the National Board of Revenue as the highest executive authority responsible for tax policies. It describes the two types of income tax authorities - administrative and judicial. The administrative authorities include the Commissioner of Taxes, Joint Commissioner, and Deputy Commissioner who have powers to inspect records, call for information, and revise orders. The judicial authorities include the Director General of Inspection and Director General of Intelligence who investigate tax evasion and analyze intelligence. Civil courts have limited role and cannot set aside tax assessments. All government and private organizations must assist the income tax authorities.
This document summarizes the Sales Tax Act of 1990 in Pakistan, which consolidates and amends laws relating to taxation on the sale, import, export, production, manufacture, or consumption of goods. Some key points:
- It establishes the legal framework for sales tax in Pakistan, including definitions, tax rates, penalties, and offences.
- Recent amendments have updated various definitions, such as expanding the definition of the term "Commissioner" and establishing the Appellate Tribunal for tax-related appeals.
- The Act aims to simplify and standardize sales tax laws in Pakistan through this consolidated legislation. It provides the primary legal basis for sales tax collection and administration in the country.
The document discusses the authorities under the Income Tax Act and their powers. It defines the various income tax authorities like Central Board of Direct Taxes, Principal Directors General of Income Tax, Income Tax officers and their powers. These include powers of discovery, inspection, summons, production of documents and issuing commissions. It also discusses the constitution and functions of the Central Board of Direct Taxes and the bifurcation of the tax boards in 1964. Finally, it mentions the provisions related to assessing officers, search and seizure operations and the functioning of Centralized Processing Centers.
The document discusses the constitutional provisions regarding the budget in Pakistan. Article 80 requires the federal government to present an annual budget statement to the National Assembly showing estimated receipts and expenditures. Article 81 defines expenditures that are automatically approved and "charged" to the consolidated fund. Article 82 establishes that other expenditures must be approved as "demands for grants" by the assembly. The budget serves as an important control tool for public sector organizations in Pakistan by providing standards for financial planning and performance evaluation.
The document discusses various provisions and procedures related to the recovery of income tax in India. It explains that the primary duty of collecting tax demand lies with the Assessing Officer who raised the demand. It outlines planning steps like collecting asset details, provisional attachment, and early service of demand notices. It also describes the different recovery measures available to tax authorities ranging from persuasive actions to coercive actions like penalty, attachment of assets or salary, recovery by sale of movable property, and liability of legal representatives.
Taxmann's GST Manual with GST Law Guide & Digest of Landmark Rulings (Set of ...Taxmann
The document is an excerpt from the Finance Minister's Budget Speech 2021 relating to proposed changes to the GST and excise duty framework in India.
Some key points:
- GST collections have reached record levels due to measures to simplify GST and crack down on tax evaders. Further measures are proposed to smoothen GST.
- Changes are proposed to various sections of the Central GST Act to facilitate taxpayers, improve compliance and enforcement, and make some technical amendments.
- Changes are also proposed to the excise duty rates specified in the Fourth Schedule of the Central Excise Act from April 2021 and January 2022.
Provisional agenda and annotations Lima1-8 Dec 2014Dr Lendy Spires
This document provides the provisional agenda and annotations for the 41st session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI). The agenda covers a range of organizational matters and substantive issues relating to reporting, review, and implementation under the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol. Key items include the status of submissions and review of national communications and biennial reports from Annex I parties, compilation and synthesis reports on the information in these documents, and revision of the guidelines for national communications. The document also outlines the organization of work for the session and notes that a multilateral assessment working group session will be held to assess progress by developed countries toward emission reduction targets.
This document outlines procedures for filing tax returns in Pakistan. It specifies that companies, high income individuals, non-profit organizations, and others must file an annual tax return. Returns must be filed electronically and include information about income, taxes paid, and assets/wealth. Exceptions to filing are provided for low income salaried individuals and certain property owners. Extensions may be granted for returns in cases of travel, illness or other reasonable causes.
Air (prevention and control of pollution) rules, 1982Leo Lukose
The document contains the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules of 1982 which were made by the Central Government in India under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981.
The rules establish procedures for the Central Board for Prevention and Control of Water Pollution including notice requirements for meetings, quorum rules, procedures for transaction of business, and allowances for members.
It also covers temporary association of persons to provide assistance or advice to the Board, the form of the Board's budget estimates and annual report, and accounting practices for the Board's annual statement of accounts.
Profile of the Court of Accounts of Morocco presented at the regional conference for Supreme Audit Institutions of European Neighbourhood South countries, co-organised by the Algerian Court of Accounts and SIGMA in Algiers, 16-17 December 2014
This regulation establishes procedures for collecting fees by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) of Indonesia. It outlines the types of fees OJK charges, including license fees, annual regulatory fees, and penalties. It specifies deadlines and processes for fee payments. If fees are not paid by deadlines, OJK can issue warnings and impose penalties of up to 48% of unpaid fees. After 1 year of non-payment, unpaid fees will be designated as non-performing receivables and handed over to the State Receivables Committee for collection.
These rules are called General Financial Rules, 2017 and apply to all Central Government Ministries, Departments, and bodies. The rules were updated to reflect reforms in government budgeting, increased focus on public finance management systems, and the introduction of new e-portals. The objective was to make the rules facilitate efficiency while following principles of accountability, financial discipline, and administrative diligence. The updated rules aim to promote simplicity and transparency in the government's financial system and procedures.
This document discusses WordPress themes, including what WordPress is, where to find free and paid themes, how to change an existing theme, the standard file structure of themes, and how to modify themes by editing template files and functions.php. It also provides tips for testing themes across browsers, devices, and page types to ensure compatibility and functionality.
The document discusses various concepts like hope, work, fear, confidence, humility, criticism, analysis, ability, life, responsibility, and realization. It encourages developing confidence through humility, analyzing and criticizing oneself to improve over time, and using abilities to adapt and evolve. It also talks about hope transforming into aspiration through conviction and perseverance.
Accounting reform in the Korean government - John Kim, KoreaOECD Governance
This presentation was made by John Kim, Korea, at the 10th OECD-Asian Senior Budget Officials Annual Meeting held in Bangkok, Thailand, on 18-19 December 2014.
The document provides instructions and guidelines for preparing quarterly electronic Tax Deducted at Source (eTDS) data in India for the assessment year 2009-2010. It includes an overview of the key systems involved like OLTAS and ERACS. It discusses the sections under which TDS is charged, why eTDS is necessary, the phases of implementation and furnishing eTDS returns through the TIN Facilitation Centers. It also provides details on the file formats, sections covered, websites for software and steps for data preparation using the Return Preparation Utility.
The document outlines procedures for the collection and recovery of tax in Pakistan. It discusses:
- Due dates for tax payment and options for installment plans or extensions.
- Recovery of unpaid taxes through attachment of property, appointment of receivers, or arrest of taxpayers.
- Recovery assistance from district revenue officers, bankruptcy estates, private companies, and persons holding money for taxpayers.
- Specific procedures for non-resident ship owners, aircraft owners, and persons about to leave the country.
This document provides a summary of provisions related to tax collection and recovery in India. It discusses key sections of the Income Tax Act that deal with collection and recovery (sections 220-232). It outlines the legislative history of changes to various sections over time. It then discusses the concepts of an "assessee in default" and levy of interest on defaulted payments. Specific topics covered include when tax is payable, deeming a taxpayer in default, computation of interest on defaulted payments, and how interest is adjusted in cases where the tax demand amount changes over time such as due to appeals.
Audit of the Parliamentary Assistance Allowance - 09/01/2008FactaMedia
The document is a confidential internal audit report on the parliamentary assistance allowance. It finds issues with simplifying the administrative management of assistance, defining reimbursable costs, service contracts, employment contracts, and paying agents. The report provides action plans to address the findings, including proposals requiring political decisions. It aims to improve transparency, legality and financial management of the allowance.
The document summarizes the authorities that administer income tax in Bangladesh. It discusses the National Board of Revenue as the highest executive authority responsible for tax policies. It describes the two types of income tax authorities - administrative and judicial. The administrative authorities include the Commissioner of Taxes, Joint Commissioner, and Deputy Commissioner who have powers to inspect records, call for information, and revise orders. The judicial authorities include the Director General of Inspection and Director General of Intelligence who investigate tax evasion and analyze intelligence. Civil courts have limited role and cannot set aside tax assessments. All government and private organizations must assist the income tax authorities.
This document summarizes the Sales Tax Act of 1990 in Pakistan, which consolidates and amends laws relating to taxation on the sale, import, export, production, manufacture, or consumption of goods. Some key points:
- It establishes the legal framework for sales tax in Pakistan, including definitions, tax rates, penalties, and offences.
- Recent amendments have updated various definitions, such as expanding the definition of the term "Commissioner" and establishing the Appellate Tribunal for tax-related appeals.
- The Act aims to simplify and standardize sales tax laws in Pakistan through this consolidated legislation. It provides the primary legal basis for sales tax collection and administration in the country.
The document discusses the authorities under the Income Tax Act and their powers. It defines the various income tax authorities like Central Board of Direct Taxes, Principal Directors General of Income Tax, Income Tax officers and their powers. These include powers of discovery, inspection, summons, production of documents and issuing commissions. It also discusses the constitution and functions of the Central Board of Direct Taxes and the bifurcation of the tax boards in 1964. Finally, it mentions the provisions related to assessing officers, search and seizure operations and the functioning of Centralized Processing Centers.
The document discusses the constitutional provisions regarding the budget in Pakistan. Article 80 requires the federal government to present an annual budget statement to the National Assembly showing estimated receipts and expenditures. Article 81 defines expenditures that are automatically approved and "charged" to the consolidated fund. Article 82 establishes that other expenditures must be approved as "demands for grants" by the assembly. The budget serves as an important control tool for public sector organizations in Pakistan by providing standards for financial planning and performance evaluation.
The document discusses various provisions and procedures related to the recovery of income tax in India. It explains that the primary duty of collecting tax demand lies with the Assessing Officer who raised the demand. It outlines planning steps like collecting asset details, provisional attachment, and early service of demand notices. It also describes the different recovery measures available to tax authorities ranging from persuasive actions to coercive actions like penalty, attachment of assets or salary, recovery by sale of movable property, and liability of legal representatives.
Taxmann's GST Manual with GST Law Guide & Digest of Landmark Rulings (Set of ...Taxmann
The document is an excerpt from the Finance Minister's Budget Speech 2021 relating to proposed changes to the GST and excise duty framework in India.
Some key points:
- GST collections have reached record levels due to measures to simplify GST and crack down on tax evaders. Further measures are proposed to smoothen GST.
- Changes are proposed to various sections of the Central GST Act to facilitate taxpayers, improve compliance and enforcement, and make some technical amendments.
- Changes are also proposed to the excise duty rates specified in the Fourth Schedule of the Central Excise Act from April 2021 and January 2022.
Provisional agenda and annotations Lima1-8 Dec 2014Dr Lendy Spires
This document provides the provisional agenda and annotations for the 41st session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI). The agenda covers a range of organizational matters and substantive issues relating to reporting, review, and implementation under the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol. Key items include the status of submissions and review of national communications and biennial reports from Annex I parties, compilation and synthesis reports on the information in these documents, and revision of the guidelines for national communications. The document also outlines the organization of work for the session and notes that a multilateral assessment working group session will be held to assess progress by developed countries toward emission reduction targets.
This document outlines procedures for filing tax returns in Pakistan. It specifies that companies, high income individuals, non-profit organizations, and others must file an annual tax return. Returns must be filed electronically and include information about income, taxes paid, and assets/wealth. Exceptions to filing are provided for low income salaried individuals and certain property owners. Extensions may be granted for returns in cases of travel, illness or other reasonable causes.
Air (prevention and control of pollution) rules, 1982Leo Lukose
The document contains the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules of 1982 which were made by the Central Government in India under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981.
The rules establish procedures for the Central Board for Prevention and Control of Water Pollution including notice requirements for meetings, quorum rules, procedures for transaction of business, and allowances for members.
It also covers temporary association of persons to provide assistance or advice to the Board, the form of the Board's budget estimates and annual report, and accounting practices for the Board's annual statement of accounts.
Profile of the Court of Accounts of Morocco presented at the regional conference for Supreme Audit Institutions of European Neighbourhood South countries, co-organised by the Algerian Court of Accounts and SIGMA in Algiers, 16-17 December 2014
This regulation establishes procedures for collecting fees by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) of Indonesia. It outlines the types of fees OJK charges, including license fees, annual regulatory fees, and penalties. It specifies deadlines and processes for fee payments. If fees are not paid by deadlines, OJK can issue warnings and impose penalties of up to 48% of unpaid fees. After 1 year of non-payment, unpaid fees will be designated as non-performing receivables and handed over to the State Receivables Committee for collection.
These rules are called General Financial Rules, 2017 and apply to all Central Government Ministries, Departments, and bodies. The rules were updated to reflect reforms in government budgeting, increased focus on public finance management systems, and the introduction of new e-portals. The objective was to make the rules facilitate efficiency while following principles of accountability, financial discipline, and administrative diligence. The updated rules aim to promote simplicity and transparency in the government's financial system and procedures.
This document discusses WordPress themes, including what WordPress is, where to find free and paid themes, how to change an existing theme, the standard file structure of themes, and how to modify themes by editing template files and functions.php. It also provides tips for testing themes across browsers, devices, and page types to ensure compatibility and functionality.
The document discusses various concepts like hope, work, fear, confidence, humility, criticism, analysis, ability, life, responsibility, and realization. It encourages developing confidence through humility, analyzing and criticizing oneself to improve over time, and using abilities to adapt and evolve. It also talks about hope transforming into aspiration through conviction and perseverance.
Sentinel Fence and Contracting is an experienced, minority and woman-owned construction company that has completed large commercial and industrial projects throughout the country over its 75 combined years in the industry. It specializes in fence installation and has a history of zero safety incidents or claims. The company prides itself on quality, safety, timeliness, and responsiveness on all of its projects, including decorative fencing, high security fencing, and infrastructure projects for government agencies and private clients.
Casual Connect - Hype vs Real Deal (Asia)Gamenauts
The future is rushing at us faster than ever. PC Games move back into the browser as Facebook keeps growing, Android & iPhone blasts the smartphone market wide-open, iPad surprises everyone by being desired & useful, radical new user input devices get everyone off the couch, normal people are spending millions on “virtual goods”. So…which of these things are meaningful to the casual game business? Our panel of experts pull out their crystal balls to predict how existing and emerging trends will impact the casual games business in Asia and beyond.
Panelists:
Vishal Gondal, CEO & Founder, Indiagames Ltd.
James Gwertzman, GM Asia/Pacific, Popcap Games
Noritaka Kobayashi, VP Business Development, GREE
Josh Larson, President, Mochi Media
Moderated by: Stanley Adrianus, CEO & Founder, Gamenauts
Gamenauts is a games developer/publisher based in the San Francisco Bay Area, founded in 2005 with a mission to explore new frontiers of fun.
Our portfolio consist of multiple hits in the casual games space and our PC & Mobile titles have been downloaded by over 20 million fans globally.
Charting our own course is a top priority in our mission and we’re fortunate to remain 100% independent & self-funded since launch.
We’re a strong advocate of game development in South East Asia and we’re especially passionate about working with indie games developers from the region.
In late 2012, we opened up our mobile publishing initiative to include more partners from South East Asia such as Menara Games, Kurechii Studio, Nightspade, etc.
This document provides information about content management systems (CMS) and compares Joomla and WordPress. It notes that CMS platforms like Joomla and WordPress make it easy for non-technical users to manage website content. It then lists popular CMS platforms and notes that WordPress is used by 60.5% of all websites with a CMS platform while Joomla is used by 22.7% of all websites. The document goes on to describe customization, security and community support options for Joomla websites.
This document summarizes the Philippine Human Rights Plan (PHRP) II Chapter on the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). It discusses the PHRP II's objectives to address gaps in implementing women-friendly laws through improved coordination, legal reforms, and public awareness campaigns. It outlines achievements in legal reforms and efforts to raise awareness of women's rights. It also describes the Philippines' commitments under CEDAW and provides statistics on legislation passed, cases of violence against women, and trafficking victims.
The Commission on Audit is composed of a Chairman and two Commissioners who are natural-born Filipino citizens at least 35 years old with experience as CPAs or lawyers. They are appointed by the President for 7 years without reappointment.
The Commission has the power to examine, audit, and settle accounts of government revenues/expenditures. It keeps the general accounts of the government and defines the scope of its audits. It promulgates accounting and auditing rules and regulations and submits an annual financial report to the President and Congress.
This document discusses government expenditures and taxation principles as part of a presentation on public fiscal administration. It begins by outlining the broad fiscal policy goals of government expenditures, which include promoting employment, output, income distribution, and price stability. It then examines factors that affect increasing expenditure trends such as population growth, inflation, and demand for development projects. Principles of government expenditures are also presented, such as minimum expenditure, non-interference with private enterprise, maximum employment, and maximum advantage. The document concludes by briefly mentioning the Government Procurement Law (Republic Act 9184) and its role in procurement.
The document discusses the three Constitutional Commissions established in the Philippines' Constitution: the Civil Service Commission, Commission on Elections, and Commission on Audit. It outlines their common provisions, including their independent appointment powers, fiscal autonomy, and impeachment as the sole means of removal. It then details the specific powers and functions of the Civil Service Commission, including its role in appointments based on merit and qualifications. The Commission oversees the civil service and determines qualifications for positions.
Digital Marketing PPT(Presentation) - Digital Marketing StrategiesWeb Trainings Academy
In our Digital Marketing Presentation (PPT) we have various methodologies of Digital Marketing. In digital marketing we can generate traffic in both non-paid and paid methods. Based on the budget of the client we can utilize various digital marketing strategies like SEO, PPC, Display Ads, Social Media, Email Marketing etc.
The document provides an overview of Pakistan's government accounting framework, including:
1) The accounting framework is based on a modified cash basis of accounting and incorporates Generally Accepted Accounting Principles where applicable. It integrates accounting principles, policies, procedures, financial reporting requirements and the chart of accounts.
2) The Manual of Accounting Principles defines the key concepts and sets out financial responsibilities based on the Constitution and administrative arrangements.
3) The basis of accounting is a modified cash basis, which recognizes expenditures on a cash basis but accounts for certain commitments and accruals.
Apartment Management: Maharashtra Society Registration Rules 1971ADDA
Maharashtra Society Registration Rules 1971
ApartmentADDA is India's #1 Apartment Management and Apartment Accounting Software. All the best practices of State Bye-Laws are inbuilt in the product.
This document outlines regulations related to audit and accounts in the government. It discusses various topics including:
- Communication of audit results through audit notes or inspection reports within 6 weeks.
- Auditable entities maintaining records of audit observations and replies.
- Draft paragraphs being sent to the government for comment before inclusion in audit reports.
- Action taken notes being prepared by the secretary in response to audit reports and PAC/COPU recommendations.
- The need for timely response and follow-up by the government on audit observations and reports.
The document summarizes key sections of the Companies Bill 2012 related to accounting and auditing standards. It discusses requirements for companies to maintain books of accounts and prepare financial statements according to accounting standards. It also covers constitution of the National Financial Reporting Authority to set accounting and auditing standards and oversee compliance. The summary establishes that companies will have increased compliance responsibilities and reporting requirements around their financial statements, books of accounts, and audits.
The notification provides new rules called the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 which will regulate how companies maintain and file their financial statements and reports in accordance with the Companies Act, 2013. Key aspects include requirements for electronic maintenance of books, consolidation of financial statements, contents of Board reports, disclosure of related party transactions, and appointment of internal auditors. Forms are also prescribed for various financial statements and disclosures. The rules supersede previous rules while grandfathering actions prior to the new rules.
The new Companies Law 2013 (India) - Chapter 9: AccountsBold Kiln
The notification provides new rules called the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 which will regulate how companies maintain and file their financial statements and reports in accordance with the Companies Act, 2013. Key aspects include requirements for electronic maintenance of books, consolidation of financial statements, transitional standards, contents of Board reports, CSR disclosures, circulation of statements, and appointment of internal auditors. Forms like AOC-1, AOC-2, and AOC-3 are also introduced for reporting subsidiary information, related party transactions, and financial statement features.
This document outlines the framework and responsibilities for keeping the general accounts of the Philippine government. It establishes that the Commission on Audit (COA) has the constitutional mandate to account for government appropriations and expenditures. It describes the process where the Department of Budget and Management (DBM) allots appropriations and releases funds to agencies, who then report obligations and expenditures to COA. COA consolidates this financial data, reconciles with DBM, and prepares trial balances and financial statements for the national government. The document provides annexes describing the various registries and reports used in this process to ensure accurate accounting of the government's budget.
This document is the Appropriation Bill for the 2023/24 financial year in the Republic of South Africa. It appropriates money from the National Revenue Fund for the requirements of the State for 2023/24. It prescribes conditions for spending funds withdrawn for 2024/25 before the commencement of the 2024/25 Appropriation Act. It also provides definitions for terms used and sets out the schedule of appropriations by vote and division.
National Financial Reporting Authority Rules 2018Raman Khanna
The document summarizes key aspects of the National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) in India, including:
1) NFRA was established under the Companies Act 2013 to regulate accounting and auditing standards and investigate misconduct by auditors.
2) Key functions of NFRA include recommending accounting and auditing standards, monitoring compliance, overseeing audit quality, and investigating auditor misconduct.
3) NFRA has powers similar to a civil court and can impose penalties on auditors for misconduct ranging from fines to practice suspensions.
Article 1. The Purpose of the Law
1.1. The purpose of the present law is to determine the legal ground for accounting
principles, management and institution and to regulate the relationship pertaining to
the maintenance of accounting records and the preparation of financial statements of
the business entity or organization.
This document outlines key aspects of Mongolia's Accounting Law. It defines accounting terms and sets out accounting principles and standards that must be followed by business entities and organizations. It requires the use of accrual-based accounting and double-entry bookkeeping. It also specifies requirements for maintaining primary accounting documents, preparing financial statements, conducting asset counts, having financial statements audited, and setting submission deadlines.
This document outlines the Fiscal Responsibility Law passed by the Ekiti State House of Assembly in Nigeria. Some key points:
- It establishes the Fiscal Responsibility Commission to oversee prudent fiscal management, accountability, and transparency.
- It requires the preparation of a medium-term expenditure framework covering revenues, expenditures, debt, and priorities for 3 years.
- The annual budget must be derived from and consistent with this expenditure framework.
- It places limits on expenditure and deficits and requires transparency in reporting on budgets, finances, and debt.
This document contains the Bihar Treasury Code from 2011 that outlines the organization and procedures for treasuries in the state of Bihar, India.
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The document discusses public finance statistics in Nigeria, which refer to data on government revenue and expenditure at the federal, state, and local levels. It outlines the key sources and methods used to compile these statistics. The major sources are the annual reports of the Accountants-General of the Federation and states, as well as budget estimates. However, delays in preparing and publishing the annual reports means the National Bureau of Statistics often relies on budget estimates or unaudited accounts, which can lack uniformity and differ from actual revenues and expenditures.
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1. LAWS OF KENYA
The Public Audit Act
Revised Edition 2009 (2003)
Published by the National Council for Law Reporting
with the Authority of the Attorney-General
Chapter 412A
www.kenyalaw.org
2. CAP. 412A Public Audit2 [Rev. 2009
CHAPTER 412A
THE PUBLIC AUDIT ACT
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Part I–Preliminary
1–Short title.
2–Definitions.
Part II–Audits of Government
3–Treasury accounts.
4–Accounting officer accounts.
5–Receiver of revenue accounts.
6–Accounts of special fund administrators.
7–Other accounts.
8–Audit.
9–Report on Audit.
10–Submitting report to National Assembly.
11–Special report in course of audit.
Part III–Audits of State Corporations
12–State Corporation accounts.
13–Time limit for submitting accounts.
14–Audit.
15–Report on Audit.
16–Submitting report to National Assembly.
17–Special report in course of audit.
18–Copies of report.
19–Costs of audit.
20–Application of Part to statutory bodies.
Part IV–Audits of Local Authorities
21–Local authority accounts.
22–Time limit for submitting accounts.
23–Audit.
24–Report on Audit.
25–Submitting report to National Assembly.
26–Special report in the course of audit.
27–Copies of report.
28–Fees for audit.
Part V–Economy, Efficiency and Effectiveness Examinations
29–Economy, efficiency and effectiveness examinations.
www.kenyalaw.org
3. Public Audit CAP. 412A 3Rev. 2009]
30–Report.
31–Submitting report to National Assembly.
32–Copy of report.
33–Application of Part to statutory bodies.
Part VI – Controller and Auditor-general and Kenya
National Audit Office and Commission
A–Controller and Auditor-General and Kenya National Audit Office
34–Kenya National Audit Office.
35–Sufficiency of staff.
36–Duties of Controller and Auditor-General.
37–Powers relating to audits and examinations.
38–Delegation to staff.
39–Outside auditors.
40–Professional assistance, etc.
41–Opinion from the Attorney-General.
42–Special reports.
43–Immunity.
44–Estimates.
45–Review of Kenya National Audit Office.
46–Independence.
47–Retiring age of Controller and Auditor-General.
B– Kenya National Audit Commission
48–Establishment.
49–Composition.
50–Chairman and secretary.
51–Duties.
52–Procedure.
53–Allowances and expenses of members.
54–Regulations relating to staff.
Part VII–Transition and Amendments
55–Transitional provisions.
56–Exchequer and Audit amendments.
57–Other consequential amendments.
First Schedule –Transitional Provisions.
Second Schedule –Amendments to the Exchequer and Audit Act.
Third Schedule –Consequential Amendments.
www.kenyalaw.org
4. CAP. 412A Public Audit4 [Rev. 2009
CHAPTER 412A
THE PUBLIC AUDIT ACT
Date of Assent: 31st December, 2003
Date of Commencement: 9th January, 2004
AN ACT of Parliament to provide for the audit of government, state
corporations and local authorities, to provide for economy, efficiency
and effectiveness examinations, to provide forcertain matters relating
to the Controller andAuditor-General and the Kenya NationalAudit
Office, to establish the Kenya National Audit Commission and to
provide for other related matters
ENACTED by the Parliament of Kenya as follows:–
Part I–Preliminary
1. This Act may be cited as the Public Audit Act, 2003.
2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires-
“government” includes the Central Government, the courts, the
NationalAssembly, the commissions established under the Constitution
and any other institution connected with the Government or bodies set
up under an Act of Parliament;
“local authority” means a body established under the Local
Government Act;
“state corporation” means a state corporation within the meaning
of the State Corporations Act.
Part II–Audits of Government
3. (1) For each financial year, the Treasury shall prepare accounts
showing fully the financial position of the government at the end of the
year and submit the accounts to the Controller and Auditor-General.
(2) The accounts shall include the following–
(a) a statement of receipts into and issues from the exche-
quer account;
(b) summaries of the following-
7 of 2007.
Short title.
Definitions.
Cap. 265.
Cap. 446.
Treasury accounts.
www.kenyalaw.org
5. Public Audit CAP. 412A 5Rev. 2009]
(i) the appropriation accounts prepared by
accounting officers under section 4 (2)(a);
(ii) the statements, prepared by accounting
officers under section 4 (2)(b), of the outstanding
amounts in respect of loans issued by the government;
and
(iii) the statements of receipts and
disbursements prepared by the receivers of
revenue under section 5 (2)(a);
(c) a statement of payments made out of issues from the
exchequer account that are authorised under the Constitu-
tion or an Act other than an Act appropriating amounts
for a financial year;
(d) a statement of the amounts outstanding at the end of the
year in respect of public debt; and
(e) such other statements as the National Assembly may
require.
(3) The accounts must be submitted within three months after the
end of the financial year.
(4) Notwithstanding subsection (3), the summaries required under
subsection (2)(b) need not be submitted until four months after the end
of the financial year.
(5) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
limits provided for in subsections (3) and (4).
4. (1) For each financial year, each accounting officer shall prepare
accounts in respect of the service in respect of which the accounting
officer is appointed and submit the accounts to the Controller and
Auditor-General.
(2) The accounts shall include the following-
(a) an appropriation account prepared in accordance with
subsection (3);
(b) a statement of amounts outstanding at the end of the year
in respect of loans issued by the government; and
(c) a statement of the amounts guaranteed by the government
as at the end of the year in respect of bank overdrafts,
Accounting officer
accounts.
www.kenyalaw.org
6. CAP. 412A Public Audit6 [Rev. 2009
loans, public loan issues and other sums.
(3) The following shall apply with respect to the appropriation
account referred to in subsection (2)(a)–
(a) the account shall show–
(i) the services for which the moneys expended were
voted;
(ii) the sums actually expended on each service; and
(iii) the state of each vote compared with
appropriation;
(b) the account shall contain–
(i) a statement explaining any variation between the
expenditures and the sums voted; and
(ii) such other information as the Treasury may direct;
(c) the account shall be in such form as the Treasury may
direct; and
(d) the account and the statement referred to in paragraph
(b)(i) shall be signed by the accounting officer.
(4) The accounts must be submitted within three months after the
end of the financial year.
(5) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
limit provided for in subsection (4).
5. (1) For each financial year, each receiver of revenue shall
prepare accounts in respect of the revenue in respect of which the
receiver of revenue is appointed and submit the accounts to the
Controller and Auditor-General.
(2) The accounts shall include the following-
(a) a statement of receipts and disbursements in such form
as the Treasury may direct; and
(b) a statement of arrears of revenue.
Receiver of revenue
accounts.
www.kenyalaw.org
7. Public Audit CAP. 412A 7Rev. 2009]
(3) The accounts must be submitted within three months after the
end of the financial year.
(4) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
limit provided for in subsection (3).
6. (1) For each financial period described in subsection (3), each
person administering a public fund described in section 99 (2) of the
Constitution shall prepare accounts in respect of the fund and submit
the accounts to the Controller and Auditor-General.
(2) The accounts shall include such particulars and be in such
form as the Treasury may direct.
(3)The financial period referred to in subsection (1) is the financial
period provided for by law for the fund or, if no such period is provided
for, such period as the Treasury may direct.
(4) The accounts must be submitted within three months after the
end of the financial period.
(5) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
limit provided for in subsection (4).
(6) This section also applies with respect to a fund that is required,
under an Act, to be audited under this Act or by the Controller and
Auditor-General.
7. (1) This section applies with respect to a trust or fund in respect
of which accounts are not required under sections 3 to 6.
(2) If directed to do so by the Treasury, the person administering
the trust or fund shall prepare accounts in respect of the trust or fund
and submit the accounts to the Controller and Auditor-General.
(3) The accounts shall be for the financial period provided for
by law for the trust or fund or, if no such period is provided for, such
period as the Treasury may direct.
(4) The accounts shall include such particulars and be in such
form as the Treasury may direct.
(5) The accounts must be submitted within three months after the
end of the financial period.
(6) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
Accounts of special
fund administrators.
Other accounts.
www.kenyalaw.org
8. CAP. 412A Public Audit8 [Rev. 2009
limit provided for in subsection (5).
8. The Controller and Auditor-General shall audit the accounts
submitted under sections 3 to 7 and shall express an opinion on the
accounts based on the results of each audit stating whether:–
(a) all information and explanations considered necessary
for the audit were received;
(b) proper records were maintained of all transactions
as required under the generally accepted accounting
practices;
(c) the accounts are in agreement with the records referred
to under paragraph (b);
(d) in his opinion, the accounts reflected fairly the financial
position of the entity audited.
9. (1) The Controller and Auditor-General shall prepare a report
on the audit conducted under section 8 and submit the report to the
Minister responsible for finance and such report shall include the matters
covered under section 8 and any other information he may consider
appropriate including but not limited to matters concerning efficiency
in the usage of resources.
(2) Without limiting what may be included in the report, the report
shall indicate whether–
(a) the information and explanations that were required to
perform the examination and audit were received; and
(b) the accounts have been properly maintained.
(3) Without limiting what may be included in the report, the report
shall identify cases in which–
(a) money has been spent in a way that was not efficient or
economical;
(b) the rules and procedures followed, or the records kept,
were inadequate to safeguard property and the collec-
tion of revenue;
(c) money that should have been paid into the exchequer
account was not so paid;
Audit.
Report on Audit.
www.kenyalaw.org
9. Public Audit CAP. 412A 9Rev. 2009]
(d) money has been spent for purposes other than the pur-
poses for which it was appropriated by Parliament; or
(e) satisfactory procedures have not been established to mea-
sure and report on the effectiveness of programmes.
(4) The Controller and Auditor-General shall submit the report
to the Minister within six months after the end of the financial year or
other period to which the accounts examined and audited relate.
(5) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
limit for submitting the report.
10. (1) The Minister shall lay each report under section 9 before
the National Assembly not later than seven days after the National
Assembly first meets after the Minister has received the report.
(2) If the Minister fails to lay a report before the National
Assembly as required under this section, the Controller and Auditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
11. (1) If, in the course of an examination and audit, a matter
comes to the attention of the Controller andAuditor-General that he feels
should be brought to the attention of the NationalAssembly immediately,
the Controller and Auditor-General shall submit a special report to the
Minister responsible for finance.
(2) The Minister shall lay the special report before the National
Assembly not later than seven days after the National Assembly first
meets after the Minister has received the report.
(3) If the Minister fails to lay the special report before the National
Assembly as required under this section, the Controller and Auditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
Part III–Audits of State Corporations
12. (1) For each financial year, each state corporation shall prepare
and submit for audit accounts to the Controller and Auditor-General.
(2) The accounts shall include the following–
(a) a balance sheet showing the assets and liabilities as of
the end of the financial year;
Submitting report to
National Assembly.
Special report in
course of audit.
State Corporation
accounts.
www.kenyalaw.org
10. CAP. 412A Public Audit10 [Rev. 2009
(b) a statement of the income and expenditures for the
financial year;
(c) a cash flow statement for the financial year; and
(d) any other statements and accounts that may be neces-
sary to fully disclose the financial position of the state
corporation.
13. (1) A state corporation shall submit its accounts within
three months after the end of the financial year to which the accounts
relate.
(2) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
limit for the submission of accounts by a state corporation.
14. The Controller and Auditor-General shall examine and audit
the accounts submitted by a state corporation, express an opinion and
certify the result of the examinations and audits.
15. (1) The Controller andAuditor-General shall prepare a report
on the examination and audit and submit the report to the Minister
responsible for finance.
(2) Without limiting what may be included in the report, the report
shall indicate whether–
(a) the information and explanations that were required to
perform the examination and audit were received;
(b) proper books of account have been kept and the accounts
are in agreement therewith;
(c) the accounts present a true and fair view of the financial
position of the state corporation;
(d) due provision has been made for the repayment of all
money borrowed by the state corporation; and
(e) adequate amounts have been set aside for depreciation
and renewal of the assets of the state corporation.
(3) Without limiting what may be included in the report, the report
shall identify cases in which–
(a) money has been spent in a way that was not efficient or
economical; or
(b) the rules and procedures followed, or the records kept,
Time limit for
submitting accounts.
Audit.
Report on Audit.
www.kenyalaw.org
11. Public Audit CAP. 412A 11Rev. 2009]
were inadequate to safeguard property and the collec-
tion of revenue.
(4) The Controller and Auditor-General shall submit the report
to the Minister responsible for finance within six months after the end
of the financial year to which the report relates.
(5) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
limit for submitting the report.
16. (1) The Minister responsible for finance shall lay the report
under section 15 before the National Assembly not later than seven
days after the National Assembly first meets after the Minister has
received the report.
(2) If the Minister fails to lay a report before the National
Assembly as required under this section, the Controller and Auditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
17. (1) If, in the course of an examination and audit, a matter
comes to the attention of the Controller andAuditor-General that he feels
should be brought to the attention of the NationalAssembly immediately,
the Controller and Auditor-General shall submit a special report to the
Minister responsible for finance.
(2) The Minister shall lay the special report before the National
Assembly not later than seven days after the National Assembly first
meets after the Minister has received the report.
(3) If the Minister fails to lay the special report before the National
Assembly as required under this section, the Controller and Auditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
18. When the Controller and Auditor-General submits a report
under section 15 or 17 to the Minister responsible for finance, the
Controller and Auditor-General shall also submit a copy of the report
to the state corporation and the Minister responsible for the state
corporation.
19. (1) A state corporation whose accounts are examined and
audited shall pay for the costs of the examination and audit.
(2) If the examination and audit is conducted by the Controller and
Auditor-General, the payment required under subsection (1) shall be paid
to the Controller and Auditor-General and the amount of the payment
Submitting report to
National Assembly.
Special report in
course of audit.
Copies of report.
Costs of audit.
www.kenyalaw.org
12. CAP. 412A Public Audit12 [Rev. 2009
shall be as determined by the Controller and Auditor-General.
(3) If the examination and audit is conducted by an auditor
appointed under section 39, the payment required under subsection (1)
shall be paid to the auditor and the amount of the payment shall be as
agreed between the state corporation and the auditor.
20. This Part shall apply to a body established under an Act as
though it were a state corporation if either -
(a) the body is required to be audited under this Act; or
(b) the body is required to be audited by the Controller and
Auditor-General.
Part IV–Audits of Local Authorities
21. (1) For each financial year, each local authority shall prepare
and submit accounts to the Controller and Auditor-General.
(2) The accounts shall include such particulars as the Minister
responsible for local government may direct.
(3) The accounts shall be in such form as the Minister responsible
for local government may direct.
22. (1)Alocal authority shall submit its accounts within six months
after the end of the financial year to which the accounts relate.
(2) The Minister responsible for local government may extend,
in writing, the time limit for the submission of accounts by a local
authority.
23. The Controller and Auditor-General shall examine and audit
the accounts submitted by a local authority and shall certify the result
of the examination and audit.
24. (1) The Controller andAuditor-General shall prepare a report
on the examination and audit and submit the report to the Minister
responsible for finance.
(2) Without limiting what may be included in the report, the report
shall indicate whether–
(a) the information and explanations that were required to
perform the examination and audit were received;
Application of Part to
statutory bodies.
Local authority
accounts.
Time limit for
submitting accounts.
Audit.
Report on Audit.
www.kenyalaw.org
13. Public Audit CAP. 412A 13Rev. 2009]
(b) the accounts have been properly maintained;
(c) the accounts present a true and fair view of the financial
position of the local authority;
(d) due provision has been made for the repayment of all
money borrowed by the local authority; and
(e) adequate amounts have been set aside for depreciation
and renewal of the assets of the local authority.
(3) Without limiting what may be included in the report, the report
shall identify cases in which–
(a) money has been spent in a way that was not efficient or
economical; or
(b) the rules and procedures followed, or the records kept,
were inadequate to safeguard property and the collec-
tion of revenue.
(4) The Controller and Auditor-General shall submit the report
to the Minister responsible for finance within eleven months after the
end of the financial year to which the report relates.
(5) The National Assembly may extend, by resolution, the time
limit for submitting the report.
25. (1) The Minister responsible for finance shall lay the report
under section 24 before the National Assembly not later than seven
days after the National Assembly first meets after the Minister has
received the report.
(2) If the Minister fails to lay a report before the National
Assembly as required under this section, the Controller and Auditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
26. (1) If, in the course of an examination and audit, a matter
comes to the attention of the Controller andAuditor-General that he feels
should be brought to the attention of the NationalAssembly immediately,
the Controller and Auditor-General shall submit a special report to the
Minister responsible for finance.
(2) The Minister shall lay the special report before the National
Assembly not later than seven days after the National Assembly first
meets after the Minister has received the report.
Submitting report to
National Assembly.
Special report in the
course of audit.
www.kenyalaw.org
14. CAP. 412A Public Audit14 [Rev. 2009
(3) If the Minister fails to lay the special report before the National
Assembly as required under this section, the Controller and Auditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
27. When the Controller and Auditor-General submits a report
under section 24 or 26 to the Minister responsible for finance, the
Controller andAuditor-General shall also submit a copy of the report to
the local authority and the Minister responsible for local government.
28. (1) If the examination and audit of the accounts of a local
authority is conducted by the Controller andAuditor-General, the local
authority shall pay such fees to the Controller and Auditor-General as
he may direct.
(2) If the examination and audit of the accounts of a local authority
is conducted by an auditor appointed under section 39, the local authority
shall pay the auditor such fees as are agreed to by the local authority
and the auditor.
(3) The Minister responsible for local government may pay the
fees on behalf of a local authority and the amount of any such payment
shall be a debt owed by the local authority to the government.
(4) The Controller andAuditor-General may require the Minister
responsible for local government to pay, under subsection (3), any fees
payable to the Controller and Auditor-General under subsection (1).
Part V–Economy, Efficiency and Effectiveness
Examinations
29. (1) The Controller and Auditor-General may examine the
economy, efficiency and effectiveness with which the government, a
state corporation or a local authority uses its resources.
(2) In an examination under this section, the Controller and
Auditor-General may not question the merits of a policy objective of
the government, a state corporation or a local authority.
30. The Controller and Auditor-General may submit a report in
respect of an examination under this section to-
(a) if the examination related to the government, the Minister
responsible for finance;
(b) if the examination related to a state corporation, the state
corporation and the Minister responsible for the state
Copies of report.
Fees for audit.
Economy, efficiency
and effectiveness
examinations.
Report.
www.kenyalaw.org
15. Public Audit CAP. 412A 15Rev. 2009]
corporation; or
(c) if the examination related to a local authority, the local
authority and the Minister responsible for local govern-
ment.
31. (1) The Minister to whom the report is submitted shall lay
the report before the National Assembly not later than seven days after
the National Assembly first meets after the Minister has received the
report.
(2) If the Minister fails to lay a report before the National
Assembly as required under subsection (1), the Controller andAuditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
32. When the Controller andAuditor-General submits a report to
a Minister under paragraph (b) or (c) of section 30, the Controller and
Auditor-General shall also submit a copy of the report to the Minister
responsible for finance.
33. This Part also applies with respect to a body to which Part III
applies under section 20 as though the body were a state corporation.
Part VI–Controller and Auditor-general and Kenya National
Audit Office and Commission
A–Controller and Auditor-General and Kenya
National Audit Office
34.The Controller andAuditor-General and his staff shall be called
the Kenya National Audit Office, which office is hereby established.
35. The Government of Kenya shall ensure that the Kenya
National Audit Office has the staff the Controller and Auditor-General
believes is necessary to properly carry out his functions.
36. In addition to his duties under the Constitution and any other
duties under this Act, it shall be the duty of the Controller and Auditor-
General to satisfy himself–
(a) that all reasonable precautions have been taken to
safeguard–
(i) the collection of revenue; and
(ii) the receipt, custody, issue and proper use of property;
Submitting report to
National Assembly.
Copy of report.
Application of Part to
statutory bodies.
Kenya National
Audit Office.
Sufficiency of staff.
Duties of Controller
and Auditor-General.
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16. CAP. 412A Public Audit16 [Rev. 2009
(b) that the applicable law has been complied with in rela-
tion to–
(i) the collection of revenue; and
(ii) the receipt, custody, issue and proper use of property;
and
(c) that all money, other than money that has been appropri-
ated by Parliament, has been dealt with in accordance
with the proper authority.
37. The following shall apply with respect to an examination
and audit of accounts under Part II, III or IV or an examination under
Part V-
(a) in addition to the powers the Controller and Auditor-
General has under section 105 (3) of the Constitution,
the Controller and Auditor-General-
(i) shall have the same access to electronic documents
as the Controller and Auditor-General has to other
documents under section 105 (3) of the Constitu-
tion;
(ii) shall have the same access to books, records, returns,
reports and other documents, including electronic
documents, as the Controller and Auditor-General
has under section 105 (3) of the Constitution, with
respect to audits and examinations to which that
section does not apply; and
(iii) shall have access to any government property;
(b) the Controller and Auditor-General may require any
government employee or employee of the organisation
that is the subject of the audit or examination to provide
explanations, information and assistance;
(c) the Controller andAuditor-General may station any of his
staff, temporarily or permanently, at the premises of the
organisation that is the subject of the audit or examina-
tion and that organisation shall provide such staff, at the
expense of the organisation, with adequate office space,
Powers relating
to audits and
examinations.
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17. Public Audit CAP. 412A 17Rev. 2009]
furniture and telephones; and
(d) the Controller and Auditor-General may, without pay-
ment of a fee–
(i) cause a search to be made of any records in a
public office; and
(ii) require copies to be made of, or extracts to be taken
from, any records in a public office.
38. (1) The Controller and Auditor-General may delegate to a
member of the staff of the Kenya National Audit Office, subject to
any conditions the Controller and Auditor-General may impose, the
carrying out or exercise of any function or power of the Controller and
Auditor-General under this Act.
(2) The Controller and Auditor-General may not delegate-
(a) the certification of the results of an examination and
audit of accounts under this Act; or
(b) the submission of a report required under this Act.
39. (1)The Controller andAuditor-General may appoint an auditor
who is not a member of the staff of the Kenya National Audit Office to
assist in an examination and audit of accounts.
(2) Only a person registered and practising as an accountant under
the Accountants Act may be appointed under this section.
(3) An auditor appointed under this section shall comply with
any general or special directions given by the Controller and Auditor-
General.
(4) An auditor appointed under this section shall report to the
Controller and Auditor-General.
(5) For the purposes of his appointment, an auditor appointed
under this section has the powers of the Controller andAuditor-General
under section 37.
(6) An auditor appointed under this section may not certify the
results of the examination and audit and may not submit any report
required under this Act other than the report required under subsection
(4).
Delegation to staff.
Outside auditors.
Cap. 531.
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18. CAP. 412A Public Audit18 [Rev. 2009
(7) Instead of accounts being submitted under Part II, III or IV
to the Controller and Auditor-General, the Controller and Auditor-
General may require that the accounts be submitted directly to an
auditor appointed under this section with a copy being submitted to the
Controller and Auditor-General.
40. The Controller and Auditor-General may obtain professional
assistance or advice from such persons or organisations as he considers
appropriate.
41. (1) The Controller and Auditor-General may lay a case in
writing before theAttorney-General regarding the interpretation of any
Act, including this Act, or of any regulations.
(2)TheAttorney- General shall give a written opinion with respect
to a case laid before him under subsection (1).
42. (1) The Controller and Auditor-General may, at any time,
submit a special report to the Minister responsible for finance.
(2) The Minister shall lay each special report before the National
Assembly not later than seven days after the National Assembly first
meets after the Minister has received the report.
(3) If the Minister fails to lay a special report before the National
Assembly as required under this section, the Controller and Auditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
43. No member of the staff of the Kenya National Audit Office,
including the Controller andAuditor-General, shall be personally liable
for any act or omission done or omitted in good faith in carrying out any
duty, or exercising any power, under this Act or the Constitution.
44. (1) For each financial year, the accounting officer for the Kenya
National Audit Office shall prepare estimates of the expenditures and
revenue of the Kenya National Audit Office.
(2) The accounting officer for the Kenya National Audit Office
shall submit the estimates to the Kenya NationalAudit Commission for
consideration and approval.
(3)After it has approved the estimates, the Kenya NationalAudit
Commission shall submit them to the Minister responsible for finance
to be laid before the National Assembly.
(4) If the expenditures provided for under the approved estimates
are, in the opinion of the Controller and Auditor-General, insufficient
Professional
assistance, etc.
Opinion from the
Attorney-General.
Special reports.
Immunity.
Estimates.
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19. Public Audit CAP. 412A 19Rev. 2009]
to allow the Kenya National Audit Office to properly carry out its
functions and duties, the Controller and Auditor-General shall submit
a special report to the Minister responsible for finance in respect of
that insufficiency.
(5) The Minister shall lay the special report before the National
Assembly not later than seven days after the National Assembly first
meets after the Minister has received the report.
(6) If the Minister fails to lay the special report before the National
Assembly as required under this section, the Controller and Auditor-
General shall forthwith submit a copy of the report to the Speaker of the
National Assembly to be presented by him to the National Assembly.
45. The Controller and Auditor-General may, in consultation
with the Kenya National Audit Commission, arrange for a review of
the Kenya National Audit Office.
46. In addition to the protection given by section 105 (5) of the
Constitution, the Controller andAuditor-General shall not be subject to
the direction or control of any other person or authority in carrying out
any functions under this Act to which that section of the Constitution
does not apply.
47. For the purposes of section 110 (3) of the Constitution, the
age at which the Controller and Auditor-General shall vacate his office
shall be sixty-five years.
B–Kenya National Audit Commission
48. The Kenya National Audit Commission is hereby
established.
49. The Kenya National Audit Commission shall be composed
of the following–
(a) the Controller and Auditor-General;
(b) the chairman of the Public Accounts Committee of the
National Assembly or his nominee;
(c) a practicing member of the Institute of Certified Public
Accountants of Kenya co-opted by the other members
of the Commission;
(d) the chairman of the Public Service Commission;
Review of Kenya
National Audit
Office.
Independence.
Retiring age of
Controller and
Auditor-General.
Establishment.
Composition.
7 of 2007, Sch.
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20. CAP. 412A Public Audit20 [Rev. 2009
(e) the Attorney-General or his nominee; and
(f) the chairman of the Public Investments Committee of
the National Assembly or his nominee.
50. (1) The Controller andAuditor-General shall be the chairman
of the Kenya National Audit Commission.
(2) The Kenya National Audit Commission shall appoint a
secretary on such terms as may be determined by the Commission.
51. The Kenya National Audit Commission shall-
(a) consider and approve the estimates for the Kenya Na-
tional Audit Office; and
(b) determine the remuneration and other terms of appoint-
ment of the staff of the Kenya National Audit Office.
52. The Kenya NationalAudit Commission may regulate its own
procedure.
53. The members of the Kenya National Audit Commission
shall be paid such allowances and expenses as are determined by the
Minister responsible for finance from moneys appropriated for the
Kenya National Audit Office.
54. The Kenya NationalAudit Commission may make regulations
governing the remuneration and other terms of appointment of the staff
of the Kenya National Audit Office.
Part VII–Transition and Amendments
55. The provisions of the First Schedule shall apply.
56. The Exchequer and Audit Act is amended in the manner set
out in the Second Schedule.
57. The Acts identified in the Third Schedule are amended in the
manner set out in the Third Schedule.
Chairman and
secretary.
Duties.
Procedure.
Allowances
and expenses of
members.
Regulations relating
to staff.
Transitional
provisions.
Exchequer and Audit
amendments.
Other consequential
amendments.
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21. Public Audit CAP. 412A 21Rev. 2009]
First Schedule S. 55
TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
1. (1) This paragraph applies with respect to the financial year
immediately preceding the financial year in which this Act comes into
operation.
(2) Parts II, III and IV and the provisions of this Act relating to
audits under those Parts do not apply with respect to the financial year
described in subparagraph (1) and, instead, the law in force immediately
before this Act comes into operation shall continue to apply in relation
to the preparation and submission of accounts for that financial year
and the auditing of such accounts.
2. A reference in a written law to the Auditor-General
(Corporations) shall be deemed to be a reference to the Controller and
Auditor-General.
3. A requirement under a written law that anything be audited
under or in accordance with the Exchequer and Audit Act shall be
deemed to be a requirement that it be audited under or in accordance
with this Act.
4. (1) If this Act is inconsistent with a provision of a written law
in existence when this Act comes into operation, this Act shall prevail
to the extent of the inconsistency.
(2) Without limiting what may constitute an inconsistency with
another written law, this Act is inconsistent with another written law-
(a) if the other written law provides for a person other than
the Controller and Auditor-General to conduct an audit
required under this Act;
(b) if the other written law provides for a deadline for the
submission of accounts or a report that is different from
the deadline under this Act; or
(c) if the other written law provides for a report to be dealt
with in a way that is different from how it must be dealt
with under this Act.
5. If the person who is the Controller and Auditor-General on
the day this Act comes into operation has already attained the age of
sixty-five years he shall, notwithstanding section 47, remain in office
Audit, etc. for past
financial year.
References in laws
to Auditor-General
(Corporations).
Audits required
under Cap. 412.
Inconsistencies with
existing laws.
If Controller and
Auditor-General
has already reached
retiring age.
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22. CAP. 412A Public Audit22 [Rev. 2009
until his successor is appointed:
Provided the successor shall be appointed within three months
from the day this Act comes into operation.
Second Schedule S. 56
AMENDMENTS TO THE EXCHEQUER AND AUDIT ACT
(CAP. 412)
1. This Schedule amends the Exchequer and Audit Act.
2. Section 2 of the Act is amended by deleting the definition of
“period of account”.
3. Part III of the Act, consisting of sections 7 to 9, is deleted.
4. Part V of the Act, consisting of sections 18 to 21, is deleted.
5. Part VI of the Act, consisting of sections 22 to 28, is deleted.
6. Part VII of the Act, consisting of sections 29 to 32, is
deleted.
Third Schedule S. 57
CONSEQUENTIAL AMENDMENTS
Local Government Act
1. (1) This paragraph amends the Local Government Act.
(2) Section 229 of the Act is deleted and the following
substituted–
229. The accounts required to be kept by a local authority shall
be balanced for any financial year not later than 31st December in the
year following the year of account or such later date as in any particular
case the Minister may determine.
(3) Section 230 of the Act is amended by deleting the portion
preceding paragraph (a) and substituting the following-
230. As soon as may be after the receipt by a local authority of a
report on the examination and audit of the accounts of the local authority
under the Public Audit Act, 2003, such report, together with copies of
Cap. 412.
Cap. 265.
Balancing of
accounts.
Audit report.
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23. Public Audit CAP. 412A 23Rev. 2009]
the accounts to which such report relates–
(4) Section 234 (1) of theAct is amended by striking out the words
“any report made under Part VI of the Exchequer and Audit Act” and
substituting the words “a report under the Public Audit Act, 2003”.
(5) Section 234 (2) of theAct is amended by striking out the words
“Part VI of the Exchequer and Audit Act” and substituting the words
“the Public Audit Act, 2003”.
State Corporations Act
2. (1) This paragraph amends the State Corporations Act.
(2) Section 5A (2) of the Act is amended by inserting “10A,”
after “5,”.
(3) The Act is amended by inserting the following new section
immediately before section 11–
10A. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any written
law, the financial year of every state corporation shall be from the 1st
of July in a year to the 30th of June in the next year.
(4) Section 14 (3) of the Act is deleted and the following
substituted–
(3) the accounts of every state corporation shall be audited and
reported on annually in accordance with the Public Audit Act, 2003.
(5) Section 14 (4) of the Act is deleted.
(6) Section 15 (2) of the Act is deleted and the following
substituted–
(2) The chief executive of a state corporation may be summoned
by the Public Investments Committee to answer on behalf of the Board
any question arising from a report, including a special report, of the
Controller and Auditor-General concerning the state corporation
Cap. 446.
Financial year.
www.kenyalaw.org