This document provides an overview of reengineering efforts in the building material industries of paints, stone, tiles, and marble in India. It discusses new technologies and strategies being used to improve production processes and reduce costs for various materials. In the paint industry, color dispensing machines and IT systems have optimized production scheduling and inventory management. For stone, new drilling technologies increase drilling speed while reducing noise and vibration, and fracture detection and repair systems are being developed. The document also provides brief histories and descriptions of the different types of tiles and marbles used in construction.
- Bella Healthcare India is presenting a new project called Project TKO to design affordable EKG equipment for the Indian market.
- Their previous project, Project Baton, failed after 4 years due to a lack of coordination and cultural misunderstandings between teams in India and the US.
- Project TKO has potential for success if Bella Healthcare India learns from past mistakes and focuses on internal research, training, and coordination between international teams to avoid cross-cultural issues that plagued the previous project.
Zepto was founded in 2021 by Aadit Palicha and Kaivalya Vohra, both aged 19 at the time. They have raised $100 million from investors including Y Combinator, valuing the company at $570 million after only 5 months of operations. Zepto operates more than 100 "dark stores" or micro-fulfillment centers located in high-demand areas that allow for 10-minute grocery delivery. Technology is used in the dark stores to efficiently fulfill orders and plan delivery routes. Zepto currently delivers over 2,500 grocery and household items to customers.
Demand Analysis of Asian Paints Emulsionsguest395c348
The document analyzes the demand for Asian Paints emulsion paint in India. It finds that emulsion paint is primarily used by higher-income customers for interior decoration. Dealers and contractors play an important role in influencing customers' choices. While Asian Paints leads the market, dealers complain about the company's low profit margins compared to competitors. The analysis also finds that paint sales rise in the third quarter but are shifting to other quarters. It provides some suggestions to further boost Asian Paints' demand.
Asian Paints Company Industry SWOT Analysisnagaraj007
This document provides an overview of the paint industry, Asian Paints company, and a SWOT analysis of Asian Paints. It discusses that the global paint industry is growing at 5-6% annually. It then reviews Asian Paints' 54% market share in India, its financial performance and R&D spending. The SWOT analysis identifies Asian Paints' strengths as its market leadership, manufacturing network, and best-in-class working capital management, and opportunities in gaining industrial segment share and infrastructure projects. Weaknesses include its lower industrial segment market share and threats from factors like monsoon failures.
Dell was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell and is known for innovations in supply chain management. It sells computer systems directly to customers, eliminating retailers and allowing Dell to build each system to order. Dell has over 65 suppliers globally and chooses large suppliers that can keep up with demands. It uses a build-to-order model with factories having only 7 hours of inventory and materials sent directly to assembly lines. Dell localizes production and parts sourcing near its assembly plants to optimize supply chains.
This document provides an overview of Croma, an electronics retail chain in India. It discusses Croma's brand philosophy of helping customers buy products, describes Croma as India's first national large-format specialist electronics retail chain owned by Tata Sons, and lists some of Croma's key offerings like a wide range of products, expert advice, trusted brand, and after-sales service. It also briefly outlines Croma's store objectives, formats, product categories, and current store locations.
Marketing management product life cycle- brand repositioningAlbin Panalickal
This document discusses several brands from the Indian market that entered a decline stage but were successfully repositioned. It provides examples of Nokia, Royal Enfield, Maggi, Lifebuoy, and KFC. For each brand, it describes their growth in the Indian market, the factors that led to a decline in sales, and the strategies used to reposition the brand and extend their product life cycle, such as introducing new products, improving quality, and changing marketing strategies.
The Indian steel industry has experienced steady growth since the country's independence. It is now one of the top ten steel producers globally, though its share of global production remains low at around 3%. The industry has largely been dominated by a few major public and private sector companies. While domestic demand for steel has grown significantly, fueled by India's growing economy, domestic production has still not been sufficient to meet this demand. Moving forward, continued investment in infrastructure and developing new technologies are seen as important to further advancing the Indian steel industry.
- Bella Healthcare India is presenting a new project called Project TKO to design affordable EKG equipment for the Indian market.
- Their previous project, Project Baton, failed after 4 years due to a lack of coordination and cultural misunderstandings between teams in India and the US.
- Project TKO has potential for success if Bella Healthcare India learns from past mistakes and focuses on internal research, training, and coordination between international teams to avoid cross-cultural issues that plagued the previous project.
Zepto was founded in 2021 by Aadit Palicha and Kaivalya Vohra, both aged 19 at the time. They have raised $100 million from investors including Y Combinator, valuing the company at $570 million after only 5 months of operations. Zepto operates more than 100 "dark stores" or micro-fulfillment centers located in high-demand areas that allow for 10-minute grocery delivery. Technology is used in the dark stores to efficiently fulfill orders and plan delivery routes. Zepto currently delivers over 2,500 grocery and household items to customers.
Demand Analysis of Asian Paints Emulsionsguest395c348
The document analyzes the demand for Asian Paints emulsion paint in India. It finds that emulsion paint is primarily used by higher-income customers for interior decoration. Dealers and contractors play an important role in influencing customers' choices. While Asian Paints leads the market, dealers complain about the company's low profit margins compared to competitors. The analysis also finds that paint sales rise in the third quarter but are shifting to other quarters. It provides some suggestions to further boost Asian Paints' demand.
Asian Paints Company Industry SWOT Analysisnagaraj007
This document provides an overview of the paint industry, Asian Paints company, and a SWOT analysis of Asian Paints. It discusses that the global paint industry is growing at 5-6% annually. It then reviews Asian Paints' 54% market share in India, its financial performance and R&D spending. The SWOT analysis identifies Asian Paints' strengths as its market leadership, manufacturing network, and best-in-class working capital management, and opportunities in gaining industrial segment share and infrastructure projects. Weaknesses include its lower industrial segment market share and threats from factors like monsoon failures.
Dell was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell and is known for innovations in supply chain management. It sells computer systems directly to customers, eliminating retailers and allowing Dell to build each system to order. Dell has over 65 suppliers globally and chooses large suppliers that can keep up with demands. It uses a build-to-order model with factories having only 7 hours of inventory and materials sent directly to assembly lines. Dell localizes production and parts sourcing near its assembly plants to optimize supply chains.
This document provides an overview of Croma, an electronics retail chain in India. It discusses Croma's brand philosophy of helping customers buy products, describes Croma as India's first national large-format specialist electronics retail chain owned by Tata Sons, and lists some of Croma's key offerings like a wide range of products, expert advice, trusted brand, and after-sales service. It also briefly outlines Croma's store objectives, formats, product categories, and current store locations.
Marketing management product life cycle- brand repositioningAlbin Panalickal
This document discusses several brands from the Indian market that entered a decline stage but were successfully repositioned. It provides examples of Nokia, Royal Enfield, Maggi, Lifebuoy, and KFC. For each brand, it describes their growth in the Indian market, the factors that led to a decline in sales, and the strategies used to reposition the brand and extend their product life cycle, such as introducing new products, improving quality, and changing marketing strategies.
The Indian steel industry has experienced steady growth since the country's independence. It is now one of the top ten steel producers globally, though its share of global production remains low at around 3%. The industry has largely been dominated by a few major public and private sector companies. While domestic demand for steel has grown significantly, fueled by India's growing economy, domestic production has still not been sufficient to meet this demand. Moving forward, continued investment in infrastructure and developing new technologies are seen as important to further advancing the Indian steel industry.
This presentation explains about the Operations Management concept Reorder point, different cases with examples, fixed order interval model, single period model etc.
The document discusses Metro Group's implementation of RFID technology. Metro Group is Germany's largest retailer with over 2,300 locations across 30 countries. In early 2004, Metro announced plans to rollout RFID at the pallet and case level across 250 stores and 10 warehouses in collaboration with 100 suppliers. The initial rollout faced problems with tag quality and reader accuracy. Later, Metro expanded RFID tagging to case level which provided more benefits but also required more investment. Financial analysis showed Metro's total cash flow and sales increased after implementing RFID. For next steps, the document recommends expanding pallet tagging while gradually introducing case tagging with key suppliers.
For many years we worked with Toyota with their local manufacturing division. The supplier division is responsible for co-ordinating all of the local manufacturers who contributed various parts to the locally built vehicles.
Ultimately a perfect storm of economics eventually bought down Toyota's local manufacturing after fellow Australian LMs GMH Holden and Ford Australia announced they were pulling out and Toyota's suppliers lost their critical mass of parts. But prior to that some great conferences inspired Toyota's partners to great heights.
Far from just presentation design, Real World also helped Toyota develop the conference them, produce invitations, design and deliver all of the staging and set design, presentation design, and post event presentation streams.
Here's a little taste ...
Genicon - A surgical strike into emerging markets case study Saloni Sanghani
Gary Haberland of GENICON is considering expanding into emerging markets to pursue higher growth opportunities. The document analyzes several potential markets including India, China, Brazil, and Russia. It finds that India has the fastest growing population and second largest medical devices market. Medical tourism in India is also expected to increase. The forecasted annual growth rate for India's medical devices market is 11.3%. Based on both quantitative and qualitative factors, the document recommends India as the best market for GENICON to enter.
Asian Paints aims to become one of the top five decorative coatings companies worldwide by leveraging its expertise in emerging markets and building long term value in industrial coatings through global partnerships. It intends to provide paints according to market demand and ensure desired levels of quality customer service. Titanium dioxide and petroleum-based raw materials constitute 30-50% of Asian Paints' total manufacturing costs. Asian Paints has efficient supply chain, inventory, and logistics management practices that help reduce costs and increase profit margins relative to competitors. It utilizes information technology systems like SAP and I2 to integrate its supply chain and improve customer satisfaction.
Distribution & Channel Management, Promotion Decisions OF ITC LimitedReyaz Jafar
ITC Limited or ITC is an Indian conglomerate headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal. Its diversified business includes five segments: Fast-Moving Consumer Goods, Hotels, Paperboard & Packaging, Agri Business & Information Technology.
In this presentation it is describe their promotion strategy and distribution and channel management system,how ITC Ltd. work with.
Lean Manufacturing Presentation on Copper Kettle CateringMitul Patel
Copper Kettle catering was established in 2002 and has grown from delivering lunches to offices to catering large events like weddings. It has dedicated areas for food preparation and assembly. While the company follows processes for pre-ordered deliveries and events, it faces constraints like limited storage and a non-flexible workforce. Recommendations include cross-training employees, implementing 5S, just-in-time processes, and using PDCA for continuous improvement to help Copper Kettle catering adopt lean principles.
The document discusses Gujarat Ambuja Cement Limited (GACL) and its strategy to achieve cost leadership in the Indian cement industry. It details how GACL pioneered various cost cutting measures like modern plants, high automation, and use of substitutes to reduce energy costs. It also discusses GACL's logistics network including transportation via sea routes and inventory management. The document analyzes GACL's financial performance and capacity expansion plans to realize economies of scale.
The key issues faced by Maggi in 2015 were:
1) Samples of Maggi noodles in India showed excess levels of lead and MSG above permissible limits.
2) Maggi was banned in India and Nestle had to recall stock worth 1.2 billion, costing an additional 1.1 billion.
3) This controversy caused huge losses for Nestle - a 20% reduction in revenue and 15% drop in stock price resulting in 100 billion loss in market capitalization.
Reverse logistics is for all operations related to the reuse of products and materials. It is "the process of moving goods from their typical final destination for the purpose of capturing value, or proper disposal.
SWOT analysis of construction industry in indiaHarshit Gupta
The SWOT analysis identifies several strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the construction industry in India. Strengths include employment opportunities, demand for housing and commercial buildings, infrastructure networks, and availability of resources. Weaknesses are distance between projects, high labor costs, and lack of processes. Opportunities exist in continued housing growth, public-private partnerships, renewable energy projects, and policies supporting industry. Threats involve market instability, economic conditions, political/security issues, safety challenges, and natural disasters.
1. The document discusses the material requirement planning process at National Aluminum Company Limited (NALCO), a large integrated aluminum production company in India.
2. It describes NALCO's procurement of major raw materials from suppliers and production flow from raw materials to finished products.
3. The material requirement planning process involves demand forecasting, determining optimal order quantities and timing, and managing inventory levels of raw materials to balance costs and meet production needs.
• GSDP of manufacturing sector of Gujarat is ~ Rs. 131,889 crore (USD 26.4 billion) (at current prices) in 2010-11
• Total investment of 2010 in the manufacturing sector in Gujarat was Rs. 342,079 crore (USD 68.4 billion)
• CAGR of investments in manufacturing sector in last 6 years ~ 19%.
This presentation illustrates the analysis of Harley-Davidson's competitive strategy. It is based on the case from Grant, R., 2010. Contemporary Strategy Analysis. 7th edition, pp. 636-654
The document provides an overview of Exide Battery, the market leader in batteries in India. It states that Exide has a strong brand equity and wide distribution network. It notes that the replacement battery market is fragmented, with unorganized players accounting for 55% of the market. The document discusses Exide's history and incorporation, its segmentation into automotive and industrial batteries, and its current market share of 45.82% compared to competitors like HBL, Amara Raja, and others.
Supply Chain Performance: The Case of World Co. Ltdaliyudhi_h
The document discusses the supply chain performance of World Co. Ltd., a wholesaler of women's knit sweaters established in 1959 in Kobe, Japan. It outlines the company's expansion over the decades through establishing subsidiaries and brands. Key points discussed include establishing distribution centers near markets to improve responsiveness, building a logistics system to fulfill deliveries within 72 hours, and using a balanced scorecard to measure supply chain performance across financial, customer, internal process, and learning/growth metrics. The purpose of World's supply chain management is to deliver the right products to the right stores at the right time to maximize profitability.
A Study To Measure Market Potential Of Furniture Retail Industry In India Sachin Divakar
The furniture industry in India is growing due to an emerging middle class and changing consumer preferences. However, it still only contributes 0.5% to India's GDP and is mainly composed of small, unorganized businesses. Reyami Interiors is an office furniture company that is part of a larger Dubai-based group, and has expanded to India to take advantage of growth in the Indian market through showrooms across major cities and a manufacturing plant in Hosur. The company aims to provide customized, high-quality office furniture and become the top player in the Indian market by 2015.
ITC was incorporated in 1910 as Imperial Tobacco Company of India Ltd. and over the decades diversified into various business segments like hotels, paperboards, FMCG foods etc. to become one of India's most valuable corporations. Some key events include changing its name to India Tobacco Co. Ltd. in 1970, converting to a public limited company in 1954, launching refined mustard oil under Real Gold brand in 1990, starting agarbatti brands in 2003-2005, and launching shampoo and fairness cream brands in 2009-2010. ITC aims to sustain its position through world class performance and delivering superior stakeholder value across its business portfolio including cigarettes, hotels, agri, paperboards and FMCG foods.
Dabur is India's fourth largest fast moving consumer goods company with an annual turnover of over Rs. 15 billion. It has a wide distribution network of over 1.5 million retail outlets across India as well as manufacturing plants. Dabur follows an umbrella branding strategy with all products under the trusted Dabur brand name. It uses a three tier distribution system to make products widely available. The company focuses on herbal and natural products to meet consumer demand in India and maintains competitive pricing through cost control and occasional price hikes.
Employee satisfaction @ tulasi granites mba project reportBabasab Patil
Tulasi Granites is a private organization established in 1993-94 located in Bagalkot district, Karnataka. It extracts granite blocks from its quarries and exports them internationally, gaining national awards for export excellence. The company employs around 200 people across its 40 acre facility, producing 1500 cubic meters of granite annually with a turnover of 14 crores. It faces competition from other local granite quarries.
Customer satisfaction at ananta granites project report mba marketingBabasab Patil
The document provides an executive summary of a study conducted on customer satisfaction at Ananta Granites, a granite production company located in Ilkal, Karnataka, India. The study collected primary and secondary data to analyze customer preferences, satisfaction levels, reasons for dissatisfaction if any, and make recommendations. Key findings included that most customers purchase tiles for resale and prefer prices between Rs. 30-35. Customer satisfaction was achieved through quality tiles at reasonable prices. Suggestions included improving customer relationships, maintaining quality, and increasing advertising.
This presentation explains about the Operations Management concept Reorder point, different cases with examples, fixed order interval model, single period model etc.
The document discusses Metro Group's implementation of RFID technology. Metro Group is Germany's largest retailer with over 2,300 locations across 30 countries. In early 2004, Metro announced plans to rollout RFID at the pallet and case level across 250 stores and 10 warehouses in collaboration with 100 suppliers. The initial rollout faced problems with tag quality and reader accuracy. Later, Metro expanded RFID tagging to case level which provided more benefits but also required more investment. Financial analysis showed Metro's total cash flow and sales increased after implementing RFID. For next steps, the document recommends expanding pallet tagging while gradually introducing case tagging with key suppliers.
For many years we worked with Toyota with their local manufacturing division. The supplier division is responsible for co-ordinating all of the local manufacturers who contributed various parts to the locally built vehicles.
Ultimately a perfect storm of economics eventually bought down Toyota's local manufacturing after fellow Australian LMs GMH Holden and Ford Australia announced they were pulling out and Toyota's suppliers lost their critical mass of parts. But prior to that some great conferences inspired Toyota's partners to great heights.
Far from just presentation design, Real World also helped Toyota develop the conference them, produce invitations, design and deliver all of the staging and set design, presentation design, and post event presentation streams.
Here's a little taste ...
Genicon - A surgical strike into emerging markets case study Saloni Sanghani
Gary Haberland of GENICON is considering expanding into emerging markets to pursue higher growth opportunities. The document analyzes several potential markets including India, China, Brazil, and Russia. It finds that India has the fastest growing population and second largest medical devices market. Medical tourism in India is also expected to increase. The forecasted annual growth rate for India's medical devices market is 11.3%. Based on both quantitative and qualitative factors, the document recommends India as the best market for GENICON to enter.
Asian Paints aims to become one of the top five decorative coatings companies worldwide by leveraging its expertise in emerging markets and building long term value in industrial coatings through global partnerships. It intends to provide paints according to market demand and ensure desired levels of quality customer service. Titanium dioxide and petroleum-based raw materials constitute 30-50% of Asian Paints' total manufacturing costs. Asian Paints has efficient supply chain, inventory, and logistics management practices that help reduce costs and increase profit margins relative to competitors. It utilizes information technology systems like SAP and I2 to integrate its supply chain and improve customer satisfaction.
Distribution & Channel Management, Promotion Decisions OF ITC LimitedReyaz Jafar
ITC Limited or ITC is an Indian conglomerate headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal. Its diversified business includes five segments: Fast-Moving Consumer Goods, Hotels, Paperboard & Packaging, Agri Business & Information Technology.
In this presentation it is describe their promotion strategy and distribution and channel management system,how ITC Ltd. work with.
Lean Manufacturing Presentation on Copper Kettle CateringMitul Patel
Copper Kettle catering was established in 2002 and has grown from delivering lunches to offices to catering large events like weddings. It has dedicated areas for food preparation and assembly. While the company follows processes for pre-ordered deliveries and events, it faces constraints like limited storage and a non-flexible workforce. Recommendations include cross-training employees, implementing 5S, just-in-time processes, and using PDCA for continuous improvement to help Copper Kettle catering adopt lean principles.
The document discusses Gujarat Ambuja Cement Limited (GACL) and its strategy to achieve cost leadership in the Indian cement industry. It details how GACL pioneered various cost cutting measures like modern plants, high automation, and use of substitutes to reduce energy costs. It also discusses GACL's logistics network including transportation via sea routes and inventory management. The document analyzes GACL's financial performance and capacity expansion plans to realize economies of scale.
The key issues faced by Maggi in 2015 were:
1) Samples of Maggi noodles in India showed excess levels of lead and MSG above permissible limits.
2) Maggi was banned in India and Nestle had to recall stock worth 1.2 billion, costing an additional 1.1 billion.
3) This controversy caused huge losses for Nestle - a 20% reduction in revenue and 15% drop in stock price resulting in 100 billion loss in market capitalization.
Reverse logistics is for all operations related to the reuse of products and materials. It is "the process of moving goods from their typical final destination for the purpose of capturing value, or proper disposal.
SWOT analysis of construction industry in indiaHarshit Gupta
The SWOT analysis identifies several strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the construction industry in India. Strengths include employment opportunities, demand for housing and commercial buildings, infrastructure networks, and availability of resources. Weaknesses are distance between projects, high labor costs, and lack of processes. Opportunities exist in continued housing growth, public-private partnerships, renewable energy projects, and policies supporting industry. Threats involve market instability, economic conditions, political/security issues, safety challenges, and natural disasters.
1. The document discusses the material requirement planning process at National Aluminum Company Limited (NALCO), a large integrated aluminum production company in India.
2. It describes NALCO's procurement of major raw materials from suppliers and production flow from raw materials to finished products.
3. The material requirement planning process involves demand forecasting, determining optimal order quantities and timing, and managing inventory levels of raw materials to balance costs and meet production needs.
• GSDP of manufacturing sector of Gujarat is ~ Rs. 131,889 crore (USD 26.4 billion) (at current prices) in 2010-11
• Total investment of 2010 in the manufacturing sector in Gujarat was Rs. 342,079 crore (USD 68.4 billion)
• CAGR of investments in manufacturing sector in last 6 years ~ 19%.
This presentation illustrates the analysis of Harley-Davidson's competitive strategy. It is based on the case from Grant, R., 2010. Contemporary Strategy Analysis. 7th edition, pp. 636-654
The document provides an overview of Exide Battery, the market leader in batteries in India. It states that Exide has a strong brand equity and wide distribution network. It notes that the replacement battery market is fragmented, with unorganized players accounting for 55% of the market. The document discusses Exide's history and incorporation, its segmentation into automotive and industrial batteries, and its current market share of 45.82% compared to competitors like HBL, Amara Raja, and others.
Supply Chain Performance: The Case of World Co. Ltdaliyudhi_h
The document discusses the supply chain performance of World Co. Ltd., a wholesaler of women's knit sweaters established in 1959 in Kobe, Japan. It outlines the company's expansion over the decades through establishing subsidiaries and brands. Key points discussed include establishing distribution centers near markets to improve responsiveness, building a logistics system to fulfill deliveries within 72 hours, and using a balanced scorecard to measure supply chain performance across financial, customer, internal process, and learning/growth metrics. The purpose of World's supply chain management is to deliver the right products to the right stores at the right time to maximize profitability.
A Study To Measure Market Potential Of Furniture Retail Industry In India Sachin Divakar
The furniture industry in India is growing due to an emerging middle class and changing consumer preferences. However, it still only contributes 0.5% to India's GDP and is mainly composed of small, unorganized businesses. Reyami Interiors is an office furniture company that is part of a larger Dubai-based group, and has expanded to India to take advantage of growth in the Indian market through showrooms across major cities and a manufacturing plant in Hosur. The company aims to provide customized, high-quality office furniture and become the top player in the Indian market by 2015.
ITC was incorporated in 1910 as Imperial Tobacco Company of India Ltd. and over the decades diversified into various business segments like hotels, paperboards, FMCG foods etc. to become one of India's most valuable corporations. Some key events include changing its name to India Tobacco Co. Ltd. in 1970, converting to a public limited company in 1954, launching refined mustard oil under Real Gold brand in 1990, starting agarbatti brands in 2003-2005, and launching shampoo and fairness cream brands in 2009-2010. ITC aims to sustain its position through world class performance and delivering superior stakeholder value across its business portfolio including cigarettes, hotels, agri, paperboards and FMCG foods.
Dabur is India's fourth largest fast moving consumer goods company with an annual turnover of over Rs. 15 billion. It has a wide distribution network of over 1.5 million retail outlets across India as well as manufacturing plants. Dabur follows an umbrella branding strategy with all products under the trusted Dabur brand name. It uses a three tier distribution system to make products widely available. The company focuses on herbal and natural products to meet consumer demand in India and maintains competitive pricing through cost control and occasional price hikes.
Employee satisfaction @ tulasi granites mba project reportBabasab Patil
Tulasi Granites is a private organization established in 1993-94 located in Bagalkot district, Karnataka. It extracts granite blocks from its quarries and exports them internationally, gaining national awards for export excellence. The company employs around 200 people across its 40 acre facility, producing 1500 cubic meters of granite annually with a turnover of 14 crores. It faces competition from other local granite quarries.
Customer satisfaction at ananta granites project report mba marketingBabasab Patil
The document provides an executive summary of a study conducted on customer satisfaction at Ananta Granites, a granite production company located in Ilkal, Karnataka, India. The study collected primary and secondary data to analyze customer preferences, satisfaction levels, reasons for dissatisfaction if any, and make recommendations. Key findings included that most customers purchase tiles for resale and prefer prices between Rs. 30-35. Customer satisfaction was achieved through quality tiles at reasonable prices. Suggestions included improving customer relationships, maintaining quality, and increasing advertising.
Paint Manufacturing Industry - Market Survey cum Detailed Techno Economic Fea...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Paint is a term used to describe a number of substances that consist of a pigment suspended in a liquid or paste vehicle such as oil or water. With a brush, a roller, or a spray gun, paint is applied in a thin coat to various surfaces such as wood, metal, or stone. Although it’s primary purpose is to protect the surface to which it is applied, paint also provides decoration.
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Bajaj Auto is an Indian automotive manufacturer founded in 1945 that initially sold imported two- and three-wheelers. It is now the fourth largest motorcycle manufacturer globally and has a dominant presence in several international markets. The company aims to deliver high customer satisfaction while maintaining acceptable satisfaction among other stakeholders like employees and investors. Measuring customer satisfaction regularly through surveys is important for customer retention and loyalty. While customer satisfaction is a goal, excessive focus could divert funds from other priorities or reduce profitability.
Brick is a common building material made from clay, sand, and water. There are several types of bricks based on their manufacturing process, including pressed clay bricks which have indentations called frogs, and wire cut bricks which have holes. Bricks are classified based on their quality, such as first class bricks which are well-burnt and pass certain tests. They are used widely in construction for walls, pavements, and other applications. Properties like hardness, water absorption, and strength can vary between brick types and quality.
The document analyzes Pakistan's marble and granite industry. It discusses the history and importance of the industry, both globally and within Pakistan. Pakistan has significant marble and granite reserves but the industry is still developing. The government has introduced policies to support the industry's growth, including training programs and industrial zones. With improved technology and organization, the industry has potential to significantly increase production, exports, employment, and contribution to Pakistan's economy.
The document provides an executive summary of a market study conducted on stationery products in Pune for ITC Ltd. The objectives were to understand ITC's Classmate brand position and availability, assess competitor brands, and determine retailer preferences, quality perceptions, and satisfaction levels. Primary data was collected through retailer surveys in Pune, while secondary sources included company brochures and the internet. Analysis of the data identified areas where Classmate was not available, allowing competitors to capitalize. Limitations included a small sample size due to time constraints. The conclusion and suggestions aimed to match the project objectives and provide recommendations to improve Classmate availability in retail outlets.
building material Minor project for final year .Sachin gupta
This document discusses building materials both natural and man-made. It describes naturally occurring materials like mud, clay, sand, stone and wood which have long been used for construction. It also outlines man-made materials like fired bricks, cinder blocks, concrete and metals that became prevalent as construction modernized. The document provides details on the composition and production of various materials like bricks, which are made from fired clay and sand mixtures.
Research report on Consumer perception towards BAJAJ two wheelersMehul Rasadiya
This research report summarizes a study on consumer perceptions of Bajaj two-wheelers. The researcher conducted a survey of 30 consumers in Amreli, India to understand their awareness, satisfaction levels, and problems with Bajaj vehicles. Key findings include that most respondents were male, employed students aged 18-25 who earn over Rs. 200,000 annually. The majority were satisfied with Bajaj's products and services, though some recommended improving mileage, styling, price, and advertising. In conclusion, the study provides insight into consumer perceptions to help Bajaj better meet customer needs and preferences.
Vodafone is a major global telecommunications company that provides mobile and integrated communication services. It has expanded rapidly through mergers and acquisitions. Vodafone aims to offer customers a consistent experience across mobile and fixed line services. It focuses on research and development to deliver new technologies and work with standards bodies and partners.
A project report on customer perception towards the post sale services provi...Babasab Patil
The document provides an overview of the two-wheeler industry and TVS Motors in India. It discusses the growth of the two-wheeler market in India, highlights TVS Motors as the third largest manufacturer in India. The objective of the project is to understand customer perception of post-sale services provided by Umarani TVS auto agencies in Hubli. The methodology involves a questionnaire to collect primary data from customers on their satisfaction levels and preferred areas of improvement.
The document summarizes a summer project report on conducting a market survey of Vodafone data cards in Bhubaneswar, India. The objectives of the study were to analyze customer satisfaction with Vodafone data cards, identify reasons for their lack of promotion compared to competitors, and help expand Vodafone's data card business. The report includes chapters on the company profile, literature review, data collection and analysis through questionnaires, findings, recommendations, and conclusions.
building Site report for 1st year students of B.sc Civil Engineering... this will be helpful in case you have just joined Civil Engineering Class and Your Teacher ask you to prepare a report based on Basic Knowledge.
Preparation of project report for bank financeRevanth Rao
The document provides guidance on preparing a project report for obtaining bank financing. It outlines key points to address in the report, including an executive summary, introduction, techno-feasibility report, product details, manufacturing process, site details, layout, raw materials, production plan, market strategy, environmental compliance, costs, means of financing, and 8-year financial projections. The goal is to provide all essential information about the proposed project in order to obtain project approval and funding.
A project report on comparative analysis of marketing strategies of vodafone ...Projects Kart
The document provides information about a project report on the comparative analysis of marketing strategies of Bharti Airtel and Vodafone. It includes an introduction to the topic, background details on the telecom sector in India and profiles of Airtel and Vodafone. It also describes the objectives of the study, research methodology used and the contents that will be covered in the report such as the marketing strategies, SWOT analysis, suggestions and conclusions.
The document summarizes different types of concrete. It defines concrete as a mixture of broken stone, gravel, sand, cement and water that can be poured or spread. It describes plain cement concrete as using cement as the binding material and reinforced cement concrete as embedding steel rods in plain cement concrete. It classifies concrete as regular, permeable, stamped, and shortcrete depending on properties and use. It outlines various uses of concrete including foundations, walls, paving, drainpipes, and tunnel support.
A study of customer satisfaction on after sales and service conducted at arpi...Projects Kart
This document discusses customer satisfaction after sales and service. It introduces the topic and defines customer satisfaction as relating to satisfying human wants through exchange of goods and services. Satisfying customers is important for business management. The document outlines the objectives of the study which are to understand customer perceptions of after sales service, their satisfaction levels and what influences satisfaction. It also aims to study the impact on future sales and whether customers are satisfied with the service. The scope is limited to customers of Bajaj vehicles in Hassan, India. The study uses questionnaires and interviews as primary data collection methods.
MBA Project report on Just In Time Management - Final Report
This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the Just-In-Time system, the advantages and disadvantages of the system and how it would benefit AG & Z. The Just-In-Time (JIT) system is a process where goods are ordered as required, as opposed to the currently used batch processing system where goods are made in bulk and stored in warehouses until sold. The Just-In-Time system was initially developed to not only cut down the amount of waste produced by other systems, which was seen as incurring unnecessary costs rather than adding value to the company, but to also meet customer demands with minimum delays. It has been found that when implemented correctly the JIT system can benefit the company in numerous ways.
A project report on consumer preferences in selected brands (whirlpool, video...Projects Kart
This document is a dissertation report submitted to Kurukshetra University in partial fulfillment of an MBA degree. It examines consumer preferences for refrigerators between 200-liter brands (Whirlpool, Videocon, LG) in Yamuna Nagar based on price, brand name, quality, and after-sales service. The introduction provides background on consumer behavior and defines relevant terms. It also gives an overview of refrigerators and the brands studied. The document includes sections on objectives, literature review, research methodology, results and findings, recommendations, and references. The primary research method was a questionnaire survey of 100 refrigerator consumers in the Yamuna Nagar region.
The document provides an overview of the Indian paints industry, including its history, key players, market characteristics, trends, and consumer behavior. It discusses the four main players in the industry (Asian Paints, Goodlass Nerolac, ICI Paints, Berger Paints), their market shares, brands, and strategies. The paints industry in India is growing steadily and expected to further consolidate, driven by increasing housing, automotive, and infrastructure development. Per capita consumption of paint is low in India compared to other countries, indicating further growth potential.
Asian Paints Limited ("APL") is the largest paint company in India that has maintained its leadership position for over five decades. APL is investing over ₹40 billion to double its decorative paint manufacturing capacity and expand into home improvement and decor segments. While APL sees this as necessary for future growth, some analysts criticize these moves as "empire building" that could distract from the core business. The Indian paint industry is dominated by four major players and has experienced strong growth due to rising incomes and consumer aspirations in India. APL's early focus on innovative products, vibrant colors, small packaging, and rural/semi-urban markets helped it become the market leader by 1967.
Asian Paints Limited ("APL") is the largest paint company in India, a position it has maintained for over five decades through focusing on customer needs, constant innovation, and building strong brands. APL is investing over ₹40 billion to double its decorative paint manufacturing capacity and expand into home improvement and decor segments. While APL sees this as necessary for future growth, some analysts criticize the moves as "empire building" and a distraction from the core business. The Indian paint industry is dominated by four major players and has experienced strong growth, but still has significant potential for further growth given lower per capita consumption compared to other countries. APL's early focus on rural markets, innovative products and promotions helped it become the
Perception and buying behavior of paint dealer towards berger paintApurv Deshmukh
This document provides an overview of the Indian paint industry and market. It discusses key points such as:
- The Indian paint industry is valued at around Rs. 21,000 crore and is growing at over 15% annually. Decorative paints account for 70% of demand.
- Major players in the organized sector include Asian Paints, Berger Paints, ICI, and Goodlass Nerolac which have a combined market share of around 70%. The unorganized sector makes up the remaining 30% of the market.
- Drivers of growth for the industry include rising incomes, increasing urbanization, expansion of the organized sector, and development of related sectors like real estate and automotive.
This document provides an overview of a study on the relationship between Berger Paints and their dealers in South Tamil Nadu, India. The objectives are to analyze the potential of the dealers, provide a SWOT analysis of Berger Paints, and identify problems in Berger's dealer network to help them regain lost market share. It also provides background on Berger Paints as a company, founded in India in 1923, and currently the second largest paint company. Finally, it reviews the Indian paint industry structure and key drivers of growth.
Raw Advertisement and Sales Promotion at Asian Paints.docxAmit Pasi
This document provides an overview of Asian Paints, including:
1) It discusses the paint industry profile in India and provides background on the growth of the paint industry.
2) It provides details on the history and background of Asian Paints, describing how it was founded in 1942 and has since become a leading paint company in India.
3) It outlines Asian Paints' vision, mission, quality policy, as well as information on its promoters, product portfolio, and areas of operation.
Asian Paints - Investor presentation.pptxheet1305may
- Asian Paints is the largest paint company in India with over $2.5 billion in group revenue and operations in 16 countries. It has a market share of over 30% in the Indian paint industry.
- The company has four business segments: Decorative paints in India (77% of revenue), International (12%), Industrial paints (9%), and Home improvement (2%).
- Key growth drivers for the Indian paint industry include urbanization, infrastructure growth, shift from unorganized to organized sector due to GST implementation, and automobile industry focus on India. This positions Asian Paints for continued growth.
A project report on Lewis Berger (exterior wall coating)AasthaThakur14
The document provides information on the paint industry in India. It notes that the industry has two main market segments - industrial paints used for corrosion protection and decorative paints used to protect buildings. The industry is expected to grow 12-13% annually over the next 5 years. The unorganized sector currently controls around 35% of the market. It also provides details on leading companies in the industry like Asian Paints, Berger Paints, and Kansai Nerolac.
October 2015 Edition of BEACON, A Monthly Newsletter by SIMCON.
Inside this issue:
About Us
Our Team
INDUSTRY ANALYSIS : Paint Industry
COMPANY ANALYSIS : Asian Paints
BRAND ANALYSIS : Cadbury
Concept of the month: The Halo Effect In Marketing
Event Report : Convergence
The document provides information about Asian Paints, the largest paint company in India. It discusses the history and growth of the paint industry in India. It then provides details about Asian Paints, including its market leadership position, manufacturing facilities, research and development efforts, international operations, and competitive advantages. The document also outlines the objectives, need, statement of problem, limitations, and research methodology for a study on dealers' opinions about white cement sales performance and customer awareness. It analyzes the study results regarding dealers' experience, product offerings, and exterior paint sales.
Asian Paints is the largest paint company in India and third largest in Asia. It has over 50% market share in the Indian decorative paint market and operates in 19 countries with 26 manufacturing facilities serving 65 countries worldwide. The company aims to become one of the top five decorative coatings companies globally by leveraging its expertise in emerging markets, while building long-term value in industrial coatings through global partnerships. Asian Paints conducts all research and development in India and has 23 manufacturing facilities worldwide managed from its corporate office.
The document discusses a proposed merger between Berger Paints and Kansai Nerolac Paints to create "Berolac" as the largest paint company in India. The merger would increase the combined market share to 43% by integrating Berger's decorative business and Nerolac's strength in industrial coatings. The operational, financial, and technological synergies of the merger are expected to benefit shareholders through increased value. The document outlines the business strategy, operational plan, financial impacts, and share exchange ratio for the proposed merger.
Paint and Coatings Manufacturing Industry. Project Opportunities in Paint Man...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Paint and Coatings Manufacturing Industry. Project Opportunities in Paint Manufacturing Sector.
List of Profitable Business Ideas for Production of Paints, Pigments, Enamels, Varnishes, Solvents, Thinners, NC Thinner, Decorative, Domestic, Automotive, Textured & Industrial Paints, Wall Coatings, Primer, Protective Coatings, Wood Primer, Fillers, Undercoats, Putty, Epoxy Paints, Paint Additives
Paints and coatings industry is divided into two sub-sectors namely, industrial and architectural. Architectural coatings include both interior and exterior paints, varnishes, primers, stains, and sealers, and their demand is primarily depended on the growth and performance of the construction sector. Industrial coatings includes coil coatings, automotive paints, refinishers, furniture finishing, and road making paints, and their demand is linked to the growth and performance of the industrial equipment sectors, automotive industry, and appliance industries.
The India paints and coatings market has been segmented on the basis of application into architecture & decorative (interior and exterior), industrial wood coatings, general industrial coatings, automotive OEM, automotive refinish, marine coatings (hull and yacht), consumer durables, packaging coatings, mirror coatings, and others. Based on the technology employed, the market has been segmented into powder coatings, water-borne coatings, solvent-borne coatings, and others. The different types of protective coatings include waterproof, floor/roof, heat resistant, anti-reflective, coil and other coatings.
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How Paint is made? Paint Manufacturing Process, Paints Manufacturing, How to Start a Paint Manufacturing Industry, Paint Formulation and Process, How to Manufacture Paint, Process of Paint Production, Paint Making Process, Paints Formulations, Paint and Coatings Industry, Production of Paint, Paint Production, Paints and Coatings Production, Paints Production Plant, Paints and Pigments Production, Production of Paints and Varnishes, Manufacturing of Oil Paints, Coatings Manufacturing, Formulas for Manufacturing of Paints and Enamels, Formula for Paint Making, Formula for Preparing NC Thinner and Auto Thinner, Paint Making Business, How to Make Oil Paint, Production of Pigments, Pigment Production, Production of Enamel Paints with Formulation, Production of Enamel Paints, Varnish Manufacturing Plant, Paint and Varnish Manufacture, Production of Varnishes, How to Manufacture Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers, Manufacturing Process of Varnishes
Asian Paints is India's largest paint company with a market share of over 30%. It has a presence in 17 countries. The paint industry in India has been growing at over 15% annually, driven by increasing income levels, urbanization, and growth in real estate, automobiles and infrastructure. Asian Paints has leveraged information technology like ERP and SCM solutions to improve efficiency. It has a talented workforce of over 4,700 employees across its global operations. In the financial year 2011-2012, Asian Paints' net revenue increased 25.7% to Rs. 7,964 crores and net profit grew 23.6% to Rs. 958 crores.
Analysis of PAint industry (SWOT)
SWOT of decorative paint and industrial paint segment
SWOT of Asian Paints
Recommendations/ future strategy for asian paints
Paints and coatings Global Market provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the global paints and coatings sector.
Asian Paints is the largest paint company in India and third largest in Asia. It has over 35% market share in the organized decorative paint sector. Some of its key strengths include its large international presence through subsidiaries, strong brand recognition, and superior technologies. However, it faces competition in the industrial paint segment and changing customer tastes pose challenges. There are opportunities for Asian Paints to expand further abroad and in new sectors like automotive coatings. Threats include slowdowns, regulatory risks, and raw material price volatility.
Asian Paints and Berger Paints are the two largest players in the Indian decorative paint segment, with over 80% of revenues coming from decorative paints. Kansai Nerolac is the leader in the industrial paints segment, with around 45% of revenues from industrial paints. Asian Paints has the largest market share in the Indian paint industry at 39%, followed by Berger Paints at 12% and Kansai Nerolac at 11%. The report provides an overview of the key players in the Indian paint industry and discusses factors driving growth in the decorative and industrial paint segments.
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NIMA2024 | De toegevoegde waarde van DEI en ESG in campagnes | Nathalie Lam |...BBPMedia1
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This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
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Project report bpr
1. PROJECT REPORT
ON
Reengineering Building Material (Tiles/Paint/Marble) Industry
Table of Contents
1. Paint Industry 1
1.1 Organization System 3
1.2 Business Process Re-Engineering 3
1.3 Asian Paints: Postponement for Managing Product Variety in the Chain 6
1.4 Eco Friendly Paint a Healthy Choice 7
1.5 Future of Paints Industry 8
2. Stone 8
2.1 Natural Stones in construction 8
2.2 Significance of Stone Sector 8
2.3 New Drilling Technology 8
2.4 Technology for fracture detection 9
2.5 Technology for repairing fractured blocks 9
3. Tiles
9
3.1 History 10
3.2 Different Types of Tiles 10
3.3 Key Players 18
4. Marble Industry 19
4.1Types of Marbles 20
2. 4.2 Production areas 20
4.3 Production Technology 21
4.4 Factors affecting the demand and supply of marbles in India 21
4.5 Impact of Government Policies on the Industry 22
3. 1. Paint Industry:
The Indian paint industry is over 100 years old. Its beginning can be traced back to the setting up
of a factory by Shalimar Paints in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in 1902. Until World War II, the
industry consisted of small producers and two foreign companies. After the war, the imports
stopped, which led to the setting up of manufacturing facilities by local entrepreneurs. Still, the
foreign companies continued to dominate the market. Initially British paint companies such as
Goodlass Walls (now Goodlass Nerolac), ICI, British Paints (now Berger Paints), Jenson &
Nicholson and Blundell & Eomite dominated the market.
The size of the paints market in India is estimated at Rs 110 billion, with the contribution of the
organized and unorganized segments in the ratio of 65:35. Reduction of excise duties over the
last few years, from 40% to the present level of 14%, has helped create a level playing field
between the unorganized and the organized segments, as the former is not subject to excise duty.
As the unorganized sector loses its competitive edge, it is also losing market share to the
organized sector players. There are now twelve players in the organized sector of India's paint
and coatings market and over 2,000 in the unorganized sector
The major players are Asian Paints, Goodlass Nerolac, Berger, ICI and Shalimar. Recently,
world leaders like Akzo Nobel, PPG, DuPont and BASF have set up base in India with product
ranges such as auto refinishes, powder coatings and industrial coatings. Kansai Paints of Japan,
which entered into collaboration with Goodlass Nerolac in 1984, is now the holding company for
Goodlass Nerolac with 64.52% equity holding. PPG has a joint venture with Asian Paints to
manufacture industrial coatings. Jenson & Nicholson and Snowcem India are no longer active
players because of dwindling sales in recent years.
The Indian paint industry has two main market segments--industrial and decorative paints. While
industrial paints are used for protection against corrosion and rust on steel structures, vehicles,
white goods and appliances, decorative paints are used in protecting valuable assets like
buildings.
The Indian decorative business has a share of approximately 77% in total sales. In foreign
countries 50-70% of the business is from the industrial segment.
1 | P a g e
4. The trends are likely to shift in India too, but at a slower pace, in favor of industrial paints. The
per capita consumption of paint in India is 700 grams versus 19 kg in the U.S. and 2.7 kg and 5.8
kg in other developing countries like China and Brazil. Because consumption relates to
affordability, the low Indian figure is not a surprise.
Within the decorative segment, the share of exterior paints is 21%, interior emulsions 11%,
distempers 30%, solvent-based enamel paint 36% and wood finishes two percent.
The exterior category, particularly exterior emulsions, is the fastest growing segment at 20% for
the last three years.
The industrial coatings segment includes high performance coatings with 30% market share,
powder coatings with ten percent, coil coatings with five percent, marine coatings five percent
and automotive coatings 50%.
Source: http://www.managementparadise.com
1.1 Organization System
2 | P a g e
5. Most of the organized companies in India's paint and coatings market have a nationwide
presence with multi location manufacturing facilities. The companies in the unorganized sector
are mostly regional, spread in and around their manufacturing facilities and deal in low value
products.
Asian Paints has created a nationwide marketing campaign focusing on all small interior
markets. Not only was the company able to establish itself in interior markets, the demand
percolated to main towns allowing the company to enlist support of large customers.
Being restrained by FERA (Foreign Exchange Regulations Act) and MRTP (Monopolies &
Restrictive Trade Practices Act), most players were not allowed to increase production capacities
until the Nineties. With liberalization, these shackles were removed and other companies have
expanded, though the gap between Asian Paints, which could expand continually and others has
widened.
Another winning point for Asian Paints was its strategy to focus on smaller packs while others
were focusing on larger packs. Asian Paints has also been introducing new product categories,
which helped in expanding the market.
This made distribution still more complex as precise forecasts for more than 3,000 SKUs became
a challenge for every organization. With the advent of color dispensing machines supported by
all paint companies and sophisticated IT enabled distribution tools, the situation have eased
considerably.
1.2 Business Process Re-Engineering:
With the industry business becoming complex, most companies have restructured and have used
information technology as the key driver for reengineering. They have aligned their organized
structures on the basis of expanding business and its complexities. This was essential in order to
tighten controls.
Today, companies have divided their sales organizations into decorative, industrial and high
performance coatings business units. The national level organization structure is split into zones,
regions and branches.
3 | P a g e
6. Color dispensing machines, both computerized and manual, have transformed the business,
particularly on the manufacturing and distribution sides. Earlier, paint companies were required
to manufacture all the shades (30-50 depending on a product line) in all the packs (five to eight
packs).
The demand pattern was difficult to predict even with the support of historical data/trends as
consumer preferences were changing fast. The machines altered the production pattern from
shades to producing bases thus providing economies of scale, reduced inventory levels and
eliminated redundancy of stocks. It has cut down the new products introduction cycle
considerably. This has helped expand the range of shades for each product category, offering a
choice of shades to consumers in the hundreds. For the retailers also, it eliminated the sales loss
for want of range/desired shade. The machines have brought a total change in the way business is
transacted and revolutionized business processes as well.
There are approximately 11,000 color-tinting machines installed at the dealers' end including
multiple machines on some counters. Also popular are the gear mixers for 2K finishes in auto
refinishes, which are installed at the dealers' end and at leading garages.
The dependence on information technology has increased remarkably from a corner room EDP
operation to playing a pivotal role in the way business in transacted. While Asian Paints has
invested in i2 technology, Goodlass Nerolac has backed up IBM enabled APO and has upgraded
to the latest 3.1 version to improve its distribution and optimize production scheduling. Both
companies are operating on an ERP (SAP R3) operating system through full connectivity across
the factories and branches via V-SATS, thus virtually working on live data for sales, accounting
and purchasing.
Goodlass Nerolac has moved one step further by launching its intranet-employee portal to
capture knowledge sitting in the minds/desktops of individuals to a common platform, which can
be accessed by all employees. It has also invested in advanced business plan performance
measurement tools like balanced score cards to track, review and align performance.
Most companies in the Indian paint industry are functioning on multi-division models with
individual functions controlled by business heads. Some manage their business through sub-
4 | P a g e
7. committees. As in the case of Goodlass Nerolac there are two levels of teams managing/guiding
business.
While all the policy and major decisions are looked at by the management committee (MC),
which reviews operations on a monthly basis, there is a parallel team--business analyst team
(BAT)--which analyzes the businesses and discusses new initiatives, working as the think-tank
for the company. Recently CAT (Creative Analysis Team) has been created to work on new
long-term initiatives.
Most companies have an identical range of products for the decorative-paint market. In the
industrial segment, the range of products is more customized and guided by the technology
support provided by the collaborators. In the case of decorative products the technology has been
mostly indigenously perfected over the years and the products can be divided on the basis of
interior and exterior application or in categories like water-based and solvent-based. Moreover,
most companies have been advertising their products in the exterior emulsions category, which
has expanded the market and triggered a shift from cement paint.
While solvent-based enamels are still popular in India, outside India there is a clear shift visible
from solvent- to water-based glossy enamels. India will take some time before this change is
accepted on account of three hurdles currently faced including cost (water-based is expensive),
low level of gloss in water-based enamels and the psychological barrier that water-based
coatings cannot be superior to solvent-based coatings for protecting wood or metal surfaces.
Companies not working on operational efficiency business models have been losing. Asian
Paints and Goodlass Nerolac have been aggressively working on cutting costs/operating
expenses. Berger has been managing well with economical yet acceptable formulations and low
operating costs.
1.3 Asian Paints: Postponement for Managing Product Variety in the Chain
Asian Paints is an Indian paint manufacturing firm that has employed the postponement strategy
successfully in us emulsions product category. Asian Paints offers four emulsion brands. In turn,
each brand offers 150—250 shades. Offering a wide variety of color shades is essential in the
emulsions market, an emulsion comprises of a “base” and a combination of “stainers”. The base
5 | P a g e
8. provides the functional aspects while the stainers provide the required shade. The base accounts
for 99 per cent of the final emulsion volume. A wide range of shades is developed using just 10
stainers. At Asian Paints, the mixing of the base and the stainers. Also known as “tinting”, is
carried out at the various sates points (SPs) distributed across the country. On an average, there is
one SP for every 400 retailers. Ar the retailer point, the customer chooses from a range of 150—
250 shades. The retailer immediately forwards this order to his SF The effective time for tinting
is about 10 minutes. The customer collects the shade of his choice within 1—2 days of placing
his order. Except for certain fast-moving shades, the inventory at the SP is mainly bases and
stainers, The SPs order these periodically from their designated regional distribution centers
(RDCs). The factory warehouses replenish the RDC inventories periodically. The periodicity of
ordering depends on the demand volumes. The RDC lead times (factory to RDC) arc in the range
of 2 weeks to I month while the SF lead times (RDC o SI’) are in the range of l--2 days. Thus,
the delivery period will have been close to a month had the tinting operation taken place at the
factory itself. Tinting is a low-technology operation, due to low capital expenditure and
simplicity. The delayed differentiation due to postponement of the tinting operation has reduced
the inventory levels drastically. The customer service is high due to the reduced delivery period.
Forecasting errors are also reduced considerably. There is no loss of scale economics owing to
the postponement of the tinting operation. Being a simple operation, product quality is not
diluted due to the transfer of the operation from the factory to the SPs. Asian Paints
revolutionized the postponement concept in the Indian paint industry. Asian Paints has been
offering substantially higher number of shades and is maintaining its finished goods inventories
at about 60 per cent of the industry average. This has helped them to maintain profitability that is
consistently higher than the industry average, and has probably contributed to increasing its
market share over a period of time. Other firms are also following suit, Jenson & Nicholson
(India), through its “Instacolour” scheme, is taking postponement strategy to a higher level by
carrying out tinting operation at the retailer points. Of course, you cannot install a mixing
machine in every retailer but for large retailers it is economical to shift the tinting operation at
the retail level so that fluxing can be done after getting an order. We can say that for those retail
points where mixing is done after getting an order the retailers have managed to move ro the
CTO model from the MTS model.
6 | P a g e
9. 1.4 Eco Friendly Paint a Healthy Choice:
Green paints are the future of the industry. Environmentally friendly products are the green
living choice. Natural paints help to keep the air pure and healthy for people with multiple
chemical sensitivities. The carbon footprint of paint is very high as the chemicals evaporate
quickly. Hence, the recent focus was on water-based paints where only the water gets
evaporated. Berger has switched its entire formulation in synthetic enamel to non-lead
formulations.
Eco-friendly paints are paints with fewer toxic chemicals than the commonly used latex and oil
based paints. The majority of people are not bothered by the smell of fresh paint, but there is a
segment of the population that becomes severely sick when exposed to the fumes that come off
of that paint smell. Eco-friendly paints are natural, Low-VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) or
Zero-VOC.
The advent of eco friendly paints has been slow but they are starting to become more popular
and people become more environmentally aware. Eco-friendly paints are less likely to cause
allergic reactions in sensitive people although there is no guarantee that there will be no reaction.
Latex paint contains Formalyn, a commonly used chemical that can cause allergic reaction to
sensitive people. The chemical can cause severe allergic reactions with serious health
consequences for people who have multiple chemical sensitivities.
1.5 Future of Paints Industry:
The focus is also on ways to reduce a building’s energy cost with paints. Soon, paint that
insulates the building from the heat of the sun, thereby reducing energy cost of air-conditioning
is under research.
2. STONE (marble, tile, limestone):
Re-engineering of natural stone production chain through knowledge based processes, eco-
innovation and new organizational paradigms
2.1 Natural Stones in construction
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10. Natural stones (marbles, granite, limestone etc) with their unique physical and aesthetic
properties, comprise an ideal raw material for the construction industry
2.2 Significance of Stone Sector
Natural stones find numerous uses in the construction industry in indoor and outdoor
applications and they significantly contribute to the improvement of the quality and the overall
aesthetics and performance of buildings and open spaces
2.3 New Drilling Technology:
2.3.1 Main issues to be addressed:
• Low drilling speed (up to 2 m/min) Low drilling speed (up to 2 m/min)
• High noise and vibration levels High noise and vibration levels
• Hydraulic system Hydraulic system
2.3.2 New Technology
• High drilling speed (up to 3m/min) High drilling speed (up to 3m/min)
• No vibration, low noise No vibration, low noise
• Electrical motor
2.4 Technology for fracture detection:
No currently available technology for detection and reinforcement of for detection and
reinforcement of fractured blocks
2.4.1 Fault detection system:
Non- -destructive techniques based destructive techniques based on sonic and ultra sonic waves:
on sonic and ultra sonic waves:
• Detection depth up to 2.5 m Detection depth up to 2.5 m
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11. • Detection accuracy Detection accuracy ± 1 cm
2.5 Technology for repairing fractured blocks:
2.5.1 Block impregnation system
• Vacuum bag and metal chamber technology Vacuum bag and metal chamber technology
• Infiltration of resins into stone block fractures Infiltration of resins into stone block
fractures
• Consolidation of fractures up to 1m depth
3. TILES
A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, or even
glass. Tiles are generally used for covering roofs, floors, walls, showers, or other objects such as
tabletops. Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight
materials such as perlite, wood, and mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling
applications. The word is derived from the French word tuile, which is, in turn, from the Latin
word tegula, meaning a roof tile composed of baked clay.
Tiles are often used to form wall and floor coverings, and can range from simple square tiles to
complex mosaics. Tiles are most often made from ceramic, with a hard glaze finish, but other
materials are also commonly used, such as glass, marble, granite, slate, and reformed ceramic
slurry, which is cast in a mould and fired.
3.1 History
Fired roof tiles are found as early as the 3rd millennium BC in the Early Helladic House of the
tiles in Lerna, Greece. Debris found at the site contained thousands of terracotta tiles having
fallen from the roof. In the Mycenaean period, roofs tiles are documented for Gla and Midea
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12. The earliest finds of roof tiles in archaic Greece are documented from a very restricted area
around Corinth (Greece), where fired tiles began to replace thatched roofs at two temples of
Apollo and Poseidon between 700-650 BC. The spread of the roof tile technique has to be
viewed in connection with the simultaneous rise of monumental architecture in ancient Greece.
Only the appearing stone walls, which were replacing the earlier mudbrick and wood walls, were
strong enough to support the weight of a tiled roof. As a side-effect, it has been assumed that the
new stone and tile construction also ushered in the end of 'Chinese roof' (Knickdach)
construction in Greek architecture, as they made the need for an extended roof as rain protection
for the mud brick walls obsolete.
3.2 Different Types of Tiles
3.2.1ROOF TILES:
Roof tiles are designed mainly to keep out rain, and are traditionally made from locally available
materials such as clay or slate. Modern materials such as concrete and plastic are also used and
some clay tiles have a waterproof glaze. A large number of shapes (or "profiles") of roof tiles
have evolved. These include:
• Flat tiles - the simplest type, which are laid in regular overlapping rows. Flat roof tiles are
usually made of clay but also may be made of stone, wood, plastic, concrete, orsolar
cells.
• Imbrex and tegula, an ancient Roman pattern of curved and flat tiles that make rain
channels on a roof.
• Roman tiles - flat in the middle, with a concave curve at one end at a convex curve at the
other, to allow interlocking.
• Pantiles - with an S-shaped profile, allowing adjacent tiles to interlock. These result in a
ridged pattern resembling a ploughed field.
• Mission or barrel tiles are semi-cylindrical tiles laid in alternating columns of convex and
concave tiles. Originally they were made by forming clay around a curved surface, often
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13. a log or the maker's thigh. Today barrel tiles are mass produced from clay, metal,
concrete or plastic.
Roof tiles are 'hung' from the framework of a roof by fixing them with nails. The tiles are usually
hung in parallel rows, with each row overlapping the row below it to exclude rainwater and to
cover the nails that hold the row below.
There are also roof tiles for special positions, particularly where the planes of the several pitches
meet. They include ridge, hip and valley tiles.
3.2.2 Floor tiles
The elaborate floor pattern of the Sydney Queen Victoria Building
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14. Floor tile in Karpas, northeastern Cyprus
6"x6" porcelain floor tiles
Patio with stone tile, Hawaii, 1960
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15. These are commonly made of ceramic or stone, although recent technological advances have
resulted in rubber or glass tiles for floors as well. Ceramic tiles may be painted and glazed. Small
mosaic tiles may be laid in various patterns. Floor tiles are typically set into mortar consisting of
sand, cement and often a latex additive for extra adhesion. The spaces between the tiles are
nowadays filled with sanded or un-sanded floor grout, but traditionally mortar was used.
Natural stone tiles can be beautiful but as a natural product they are less uniform in color and
pattern, and require more planning for use and installation. Mass produced stone tiles are
uniform in width and length. Granite or marble tiles are sawn on both sides and then polished or
finished on the facing up side, so that they have a uniform thickness. Other natural stone tiles
such as slate are typically "riven" (split) on the facing up side so that the thickness of the tile
varies slightly from one spot on the tile to another and from one tile to another. Variations in tile
thickness can be handled by adjusting the amount of mortar under each part of the tile, by using
wide grout lines that "ramp" between different thicknesses, or by using a cold chisel to knock off
high spots.
Some stone tiles such as polished granite, marble, and travertine are very slippery when wet.
Stone tiles with a riven (split) surface such as slate or with a sawn and then sandblasted or honed
surface will be more slip resistant. Ceramic tiles for use in wet areas can be made more slip
resistant either by using very small tiles so that the grout lines act as grooves or by imprinting a
contour pattern onto the face of the tile.
The hardness of natural stone tiles varies such that some of the softer stone (e.g. limestone) tiles
are not suitable for very heavy traffic floor areas. On the other hand, ceramic tiles typically have
a glazed upper surface and when that becomes scratched or pitted the floor looks worn, whereas
the same amount of wear on natural stone tiles won't show, or will be less noticeable.
Natural stone tiles can be stained by spilled liquids; they must be sealed and periodically resealed
with a sealant in contrast to ceramic tiles which only need their grout lines sealed. However,
because of the complex, non repeating patterns in natural stone, small amounts of dirt on many
natural stone floor tiles do not show.
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16. Most vendors of stone tiles emphasize that there will be variation in color and pattern from one
batch of tiles to another of the same description and variation within the same batch. Stone floor
tiles tend to be heavier than ceramic tiles and somewhat more prone to breakage during
shipment.
Rubber floor tiles have a variety of uses, both in residential and commercial settings. They are
especially useful in situations where it is desired to have high-traction floors or protection for an
easily breakable floor. Some common uses include flooring of garage, workshops, patios,
swimming pool decks, sport courts, gyms, and dance floors.
Plastic floor tiles including interlocking floor tiles that can be installed without adhesive or glue
are a recent innovation and are suitable for areas subject to heavy traffic, wet areas and floors
that are subject to movement, damp or contamination from oil, grease or other substances that
may prevent adhesion to the substrate. Common uses include old factory floors, garages, gyms
and sports complexes, schools and shops.Medieval letter tiles were used to create Christian
inscriptions on church floors.
3.2.3 Decorative tile work and colored brick
Blue Turkish tiles
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17. Topkapi Palace
Topkapi Palace
Topkapi Palace
Decorative tilework should be distinguished from mosaic, where forms are made of great
numbers of tiny irregularly positioned tesserae in a single colour, usually of glass or sometimes
ceramic.
The earliest evidence of glazed brick is the discovery of glazed bricks in the Elamite Temple at
Chogha Zanbil, dated to the 13th century BCE. Glazed and coloured bricks were used to make
low reliefs in Ancient Mesopotamia, most famously the Ishtar Gate of Babylon (ca. 575 BCE),
now partly reconstructed in Berlin, with sections elsewhere. Mesopotamian craftsmen were
imported for the palaces of the Persian Empire such as Persepolis.
3.2.4 Islamic tiles
The Persian tradition continued, and after the Islamic conquest of Persia coloured and often
painted glazed bricks or tiles became an important element in Persian architecture, and from
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18. there spread to much of the Islamic world, notably the İznik pottery of Turkey under the
Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries. Palaces, public buildings and mosques were
heavily decorated with dense, often massive patterns and friezes of astonishing complexity,
including floral motifs and calligraphy as well as geometric patterns. In Safavi era there are quite
samples of Persian decorative tile. the capital of Safavis was Isfahan at the time and there are
popular mosques, churches, palaces, bazaars and public places decorated with decorative motifs
of Persian Tile in that era. Isfahan is still the main city to find this product.
3.2.5 Western tile work
Decorative Portuguese wall tiles, after François Boucher's Diana Leaving the Bath, installed
2001
Transmitted via Islamic Spain, a new tradition of Azulejos developed in Spain and especially
Portugal, which by the Baroque period produced extremely large painted scenes on tiles, usually
in blue and white. Delftware tiles, typically with a painted design covering only one (rather
small) tile, were ubiquitous in Holland and widely exported over Northern Europe from the 16th
century on. Several 18th century royal palaces had porcelain rooms with the walls entirely
covered in porcelain in tiles or panels. Surviving examples include ones at Capodimonte, Naples,
the Royal Palace of Madrid and the nearby Royal Palace of Aranjuez.
There are several other types of traditional tiles that remain in manufacture, for example the
small, almost mosaic, brightly coloured tiles of Morocco. With exceptions, notably the Porcelain
Tower of Nanjing, decorated tiles or glazed bricks do not feature largely in East Asian ceramics.
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19. Portugal and São Luís continue their tradition of azulejo tilework today. In the United States and
other Western counties, decorative tiles were in vogue in the 1920s and 1930s. Notable among
tilemakers of the period were Ernest A. Batchelder and Pewabic Pottery.
3.2.6 Pebble tiles
Similar to mosaics or other patterned tiles, pebble tiles are tiles made up of small pebbles
attached to a backing. The tile is generally designed in an interlocking pattern so that final
installations fit of multiple tiles fit together to have a seamless appearance. A relatively new tile
design, pebble tiles were originally developed in Indonesia using pebbles found in various
locations in the country. Today, pebble tiles feature all types of stones and pebbles from around
the world, but are still generally associated with pebbles found in exotic locations.
3.2.7 Ceiling tiles
Ceiling tiles are lightweight tiles used in the interior of buildings. They are placed on a steel grid
and they provide thermal but especially sound insulation. They are fabricated from perlite,
mineral wool, and fibers from recycled paper. They usually have patterns of holes to improve
their sound reflection properties.
3.2.8 Digital tiles
Printing techniques and digital manipulation of art and photography have converged in custom
tile printing. Dye sublimation printers, inkjet printers and ceramic inks and toners permit printing
on a variety of tile types yielding photographic-quality reproduction. Using digital image capture
via scanning or digital cameras, bitmap/raster images can be prepared in Photoshop and other
photo editing software programs. Specialized custom-tile printing techniques permit transfer
under heat and pressure or the use of high temperature kilns to fuse the picture to the tile
substrate. This has become an increasingly popular method of producing custom tile murals for
kitchens, showers, and commercial decoration in restaurants, hotels, and corporate lobbies.
3.2.9 Ceramic Tiles:
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20. Ceramic tiles are essential materials used in the construction industry. Widely used in interior
and exterior architectures, ceramic tiles represent a highly variable market dependent on factors,
such as economic conditions, growth in GDP, consumer purchasing power and the overall health
of the domestic housing and construction industry. The world economic slowdown triggered
sharp declines in housing starts in developed regions, such as, the United States, and Europe,
which not surprisingly impacted the ceramic titles market. Rising levels of unemployment,
reduction in household wealth, and discretionary spends, falling consumer confidence, lack of
credit availability, and budgetary constrains have driven down construction and renovation
activities both in the residential and commercial construction sectors. In the post recession
period, re-emergence of growth driving market fundamentals and refreshing technological
innovations are expected to kindle consumer interest and re-energize demand patterns.
Registering a CAGR of around 3.05% over the analysis period, Asia-Pacific represents the
fastest growing market for ceramic tiles.
Sustainability and style factors have continued to influence ceramic tiles industry. For instance,
most manufacturers from Italy, as well as those from other countries such as Spain, France,
Germany, Japan, and others have demonstrated significant interest and made major investments
in sustainable production of ceramic tiles to meet the ever tightening environmental standards
and regulations.
Ceramic tiles market, Asia-Pacific and Europe collectively account for more than 80% share of
the global market. Market in the United States is expected to witness erosion in sales by
approximately 1,268 million square feet between the period 2007 and 2011.
3.3 Key Players
Key players in the marketplace include Boral Ltd, Canteras Cerro Negro SA, Cecrisa S.A,
Ceramica Lima S.A, Ceramiche Atlas Concorde S.p.A, Ceramika Tubadzin II Sp. z o.o,
Ceramicas Malpesa S.A, Cerypsa Ceramicas S.A, Cristal Cerámica S.A, Crossville, Eagle Brand
Holdings Ltd, Eliane Revestimentos Ceramicos, Florida Tile Industries, Florim USA Inc, Gainey
Ceramics, Gruppo Ceramiche Ricchetti SpA, Imerys SA, Internacional De Ceramica SA DE CV,
Iris Ceramica SpA, Jordan Ceramic Industries Company Ltd, Lamosa Revestimientos, Lira
Keramika, Mannington Mills, Marazzi Group S.p.A, Mohawk Industries, Nitco Tiles Ltd,
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21. Pilkington Group Plc, Portobello SA, Roca Sanitario, Sanex SA, Somany Ceramics Ltd, The
Siam Cement Public Company Limited, and Villeroy & Boch AG among others.
4. Marble Industry:
The marble industry in India has been flourishing ever since ages, which has made India the
fourth largest producer of marbles in the world after Belgium, France and Greece. The Indian
marble industry is not only confined at production or supply of the marbles but export of highly
acclaimed stones such as blocks, flooring, calibrated (ready to fix tiles), monuments, slabs,
structural slabs, tomb stones, cobbles, cubes, sculptures, artifacts, pebbles, kerbs, and landscape
garden stones has also been its important part. . India is amongst the largest producer of raw
stone material.
The constant growth of Indian marble industry is because of the reason that they are highly
acclaimed and possess characters like low cost, beautiful looks and longevity. The industry is
also equipped with state of the art resource of machinery and tool manufacturers who cater very
well to the rising demands of this sector.
Technically marble is a recrystallised (metamorphosed) limestone .In commercial terms, marble
is any crystalline rock composed predominantly of calcite, dolomite or serpentine, having 3-4
hardness, which can be excavated as block sand can be sawed and takes good polish.
Amongst the building stones, marble occupies a unique position. Since time immemorial, marble
has been used in temples, mosques ,palaces .monuments etc .As an ornamental and decorative
stone because of its pleasing colors ,attractive patterns and designs .Suitability of marble for any
purpose does not depend on chemical composition or genetic aspect ,but on physical properties
that is fascination for its color ,shade ,luster and design preferred by the user.
Marble has been classified into 10 groups by Bureau of Indian Standards (Indian Standards
Institute, .ISI (IS 1130-1969 on the basis of color, shade and pattern
4.1 Types of Marbles:
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22. 1. Plain White Marble
2. Panther Marble
3. White veined Marble
4. Plain Black Marble
5. Black Zebra Marble
6. Green Marble.
7. Pink Adanga Marble.
8. Pink Marble
9. Grey Marble
10. BrownMarble
4.2 Production areas:
Marble deposits are widespread in India: concentration in states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Haryana, and Andhra Pradesh. Next Gujarat also produces some very fine marble
followed by Madhya Pradesh.
Rajasthan is the main depository of marble; accounts for over 90% of total marble production in
India [1100 m tons]. Newer varieties of marble are being developed in Bihar, Jammu & Kashmir,
Maharashtra, Sikkim, and Uttar Pradesh & Bengal.
4.2.1 Important commercial marble deposits of Rajasthan
Nagur distrct Makarana
Udaipur Ametlava, Sardargarh, Babrirmal, Rajnagar, Kewa, Rekhabdeo
Sirohi district Parwar, Serwa, Pariwa, Selwara, Dhanvev, Koteswar
Jaipur district Bhaisal, Bhailo, Andhi
Palai disrict Bar
Banswara district Tripura-Sundari, Bhanwari, Talai
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23. Jaisalmer district Yellow marble in Jaisalmer
Alwar district Jhiri-Rajgarh
Ajmer district Kishengarh, Kalyanpura-Narwar
Bundi district Umar deposit
Sikar district
Dungarpur district, Chittorgarh district and Bhilwara district
4.3 Production Technology
Industry has evolved into the production and manufacturing of blocks, flooring slabs, structural
slabs, calibrated - ready to fix tiles, monuments, tomb stones, sculptures, artifacts, cobbles,
cubes, pebbles and landscape garden stones. Advent of sophisticated mining machinery & new
mining fields has led to increase in marble production. Although India produces machinery, there
is an excellent opportunity for exporting machineries for working stone: cutting, sawing,
grinding and polishing.
4.4 Factors affecting the demand and supply of marbles in India
Studies have shown an increasing trend in both demand and supply of marbles. The factors
which highly influence the demand and supply of marble in the country are due to the following:
4.4.1 Increased Production- The production of marbles has increased manifolds in recent years
with the introduction of mining machinery and development of new mining fields. Furthermore,
in recent years few marble producing regions have been discovered. Makarana and Ambaji were
only regions in Rajasthan where producing marbles on large scale but at present marbles are
being produced at more than 20 centres of the state.
4.4.2Decrease in construction activities- It has been observed that the production of marble is
increasing day by day whereas the consumption of marble is decreasing with the decline in
construction activity. So, the production of marble is huge as compared to its utilization.
4.4.3 Global recession faced by the industry- The production and supply of marble was
severely hit by recession wherein the demand of marble had greatly decreased with the decreased
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24. purchasing power of common consumers. According to the experts, the industry will take quite a
lot of time to come back on track.
4.5 Impact of Government Policies on the Industry
Government in India has introduced many laws in order to promote and expand marble industry
globally.
4.5.1. Removal of Excise Duty: Government's decision to remove excise duty on marble (up to
the annual sales of Rs.1 Crore) is a great relief for the industry. The removal of the excise duty
from marble will prove less costly to the one at receiving end, which would ultimately increases
the demand of marble in the global market.
4.5.2. New Marble Policy- Under this new policy, the search for new marble regions in the state
is facilitated. This also permits the prospecting work for the new findings of marble deposits. In
short it can also be said that after realizing the importance of the industry, Indian Government is
now taking every possible action to expand and promote the industry.
The Government of India has set a target of raising Indian stone industry to 50% in the
next 5 years. The bulk of the Indian marbles are being produced in the states of Rajasthan,
Gujarat, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and several others. About 90% of the marble is
produced alone in Rajasthan, and Gujarat including few other states of Southern India produces
granite at larger scale.
Bibliography:
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