The document discusses various types of programming errors, including syntax errors, run-time errors, and logical errors. Syntax errors occur due to violations of language rules and are detected before code execution, while run-time errors happen during execution due to illegal operations. Logical errors are the hardest to identify, as they don't produce error messages and arise from flawed logic in the code.

1. Programming Errors/ Bugs
 Bug
 Debugging
 Types of Programming Errors / Bugs
 Syntax Errors
 Run-time Errors
 Logical Errors
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2. Unexpected output produced by program.
Debugging
The process of finding and removing errors.
(Found by Developer) (Found by tester)
Error Bug
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3. Types of Errors/ Bugs
Invalid
statement
written in code
Error in
execution of
successful
compilation of
code
Poor logics in
Code
Syntax
errors
Syntax
errors
Run
Time
errors
Logical
errors
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4. Syntax of Programming Language
 Set of rules of a programming language for writing
statements of a computer program.
Syntax Errors:
 Occur due to violation of Syntax
(Grammar Rules) of programming language
 Detected before compile time
 Easy to detect and modify
 Program does not execute before correction
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5. Common Syntax Errors
Most frequently occurring syntax errors include:
 Missing or misplaced Semicolon “;”
 Spelling Mistake
 Missing or extra parenthesis or braces
 Incorrect use of operators, loops or blocks etc
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int length = 5;
int width = 10 Missing Semicolon “;”
int area = length * width + ;
printtf(“Test”);
printf("The area of the rectangle is %dn", area);
return 0;
}
}
Spelling
mistake
Extra brace
Incorrect use of operator
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6. RUN TIME ERROR
 Occur due to performing illegal operations (Divide a
number by zero)
 Occur during program execution (Run time).
 These errors are not hardest to find
 It leads to abnormal termination of the program
 When run time errors occur, the compiler stops the
execution of program and displays error message
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7. Common Run-Time errors
 Dividing a number by zero.
 If input data given to program is not in correct format
or input data file is not found in specified path
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int no = 9, div =0; //Error: number is divided by zero 0,
div = no/0;
printf("The result is %dn", div);
return 0;
}
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8. Logical Errors
 The errors in logic of program are called logical errors.
 These errors are not detected by compiler
 These errors are hardest to find and remove because
 Compiler does not detect these errors
 There is not identification (error message) during
program execution.
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9. Common Logical Errors
Write a program in c language to show the sum of two numbers.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,sum;
sum = a-b;
printf("The sum of a and b is %dn", sum);
return 0;
}
This program always produce wrong result because
requirement is sum not subtraction
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