The document provides guidance on developing a fungicide program for putting greens. It recommends 1) identifying key diseases based on location and history, 2) determining when diseases are normally active using weather data, and 3) selecting fungicides to control expected diseases during each application window. Resources for fungicide selection include product labels, reference manuals, and an online disease management utility. A sample program is outlined targeting common diseases at different periods using appropriate fungicides and application timings.

1. Program ’11: The best fungicide program
for YOUR putting greens
Lane Tredway
Associate Professor and Extension Specialist
Department of Plant Pathology
North Carolina State University

2. Heat imposed severe stress on creeping bentgrass
greens in 2010.
30
departure from normal HIGH temperature
departure from normal LOW temperature
22.5
Departure from Normal (F)
15
7.5
0
-7.5
-15
-22.5
May June July August Sept Oct

5. The diagnostic
lab saw some bacteria
in our samples.

6. Which bacteria
did they see? Is it a
pathogen?
The diagnostic
lab saw some bacteria
in our samples.

7. Which bacteria
did they see? Is it a
pathogen?
The diagnostic
lab saw some bacteria
They didn’t say, but in our samples.
clearly we have a huge bacteria
problem here.

8. Acidovorax sp.
Xanthomonas translucens
No suspected pathogens

9. Identifying the Acidovorax species associated with
creeping bentgrass putting greens.

10. Bacteria Research Plans for 2011
• closing in on an identification for the Acidovorax
species associated with creeping bentgrasss
• inoculations of field plots with Acidovorax and
Xanthomonas isolates to determine their
pathogenicity
• evaluation of antibiotics and other compounds
as possible control practices

11. The problems in 2010 actually started in May.
7
Cumulative Rainfall (in.)
5.25
3.5
1.75
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov

12. Pythium root rot

13. Many fungicide programs are weak against Pythium.
May 13 Headway (1.5 fl oz)
May 27 Concert (4.5 fl oz)
June 10 Renown (4.5 fl oz)
June 24 Daconil + Fore (3.2 + 4 oz)
July 8 Medallion + Concert + Signature (0.25 + 4.5 + 4)
July 22 Renown + Fore (4.5 + 4 oz)
August 5 Medallion + Concert + Signature (0.25 + 4.5 + 4)
August 20 Daconil + Fore (3.2 + 4 oz)

14. Pythium root rot is driven by soil moisture.

15. Program 13 offers no Pythium root rot protection.
May 22 Tartan (2 fl oz)
June 5 Insignia (0.9 oz)
June 19 Spectro (5.76 oz)
July 3 Signature + Daconil (4 + 3.2 oz)
July 17 Insignia (0.9 oz)
July 31 Signature + Daconil (4 + 3.2 oz)
August 14 26GT (4 fl oz)
August 28 Tartan (2 fl oz)

16. “It can’t be a disease because I’m on Program 13!”

17. “I sprayed Eagle because I’m on Program X and
it was on the schedule.”

18. Spray programs are not uncommon in agriculture.
flickr:TaminaMiller

19. Every golf course is different.
Climate, microclimate,
expectations, and
management styles vary.

20. Art and Science

22. Where’s the art in this?

23. Let’s put the art back in
disease control!

25. Program ’11
How to develop and implement a fungicide program.

26. Program ’11
How to develop and implement a fungicide program.
1. develop list of diseases based on location, cultivar, soil
type, and history

27. Program ’11
How to develop and implement a fungicide program.
1. develop list of diseases based on location, cultivar, soil
type, and history
2. use historical weather data to determine when each
disease is ‘normally’ active

28. Program ’11
How to develop and implement a fungicide program.
1. develop list of diseases based on location, cultivar, soil
type, and history
2. use historical weather data to determine when each
disease is ‘normally’ active
3. select product(s) that will control the disease(s) that are
expected to be active each week

29. Program ’11
How to develop and implement a fungicide program.
1. develop list of diseases based on location, cultivar, soil
type, and history
2. use historical weather data to determine when each
disease is ‘normally’ active
3. select product(s) that will control the disease(s) that are
expected to be active each week
4. select rates, intervals, and application method

30. Program ’11
How to develop and implement a fungicide program.
1. develop list of diseases based on location, cultivar, soil
type, and history
2. use historical weather data to determine when each
disease is ‘normally’ active
3. select product(s) that will control the disease(s) that are
expected to be active each week
4. select rates, intervals, and application method
5. adjust as needed based on actual weather conditions

32. 1. What diseases do you need to control?
• ‘A-1’ creeping bentgrass
• established in 2005
• USGA construction
dollar spot
Pythium root rot
algae
brown patch
fairy ring
Pythium root dysfunction

33. 2. What conditions favor these diseases?
Pythium root dysfunction - average daily soil temperatures
between 50ºF and 70ºF
fairy ring - average daily soil temperatures between 55ºF and
65ºF
dollar spot - low temperatures above 50ºF
algae - high temperatures above 80ºF
brown patch - low temperatures above 60ºF
Pythium root rot - wet soils

35. 3. Determine when disease activity is expected.

36. 3. Determine when disease activity is expected.

37. Too
many
fungicides
to choose from!
flickr:kanickmoses

38. 4. Resources for fungicide selection.
• product labels
• Pest Control for Professional Turf Managers
• turf disease profiles (turfpathology.org)
• disease management utility (turfpathology.org)
• Chemical Control of Turfgrass Diseases
(Vincelli)

39. 4. Resources for fungicide selection.
• product labels
• Pest Control for Professional Turf Managers
• turf disease profiles (turfpathology.org)
• disease management utility (turfpathology.org)
• Chemical Control of Turfgrass Diseases
(Vincelli)

40. 4. Resources for fungicide selection.
• product labels
• Pest Control for Professional Turf Managers
• turf disease profiles (turfpathology.org)
• disease management utility (turfpathology.org)
• Chemical Control of Turfgrass Diseases
(Vincelli)

41. Disease Management Utility
turffiles.ncsu.edu/diseasemgmt

42. Disease Management Utility on TurfFiles
turffiles.ncsu.edu/diseasemgmt

43. PRD
fairy ring
dollar spot
algae
brown patch
PRR

44. PRD
fairy ring
dollar spot
algae
brown patch
PRR

45. PRD Segway
fairy ring
dollar spot
algae
brown patch
PRR

46. PRD Segway
fairy ring
dollar spot
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway

47. PRD Segway
fairy ring Bayleton
dollar spot
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway

48. PRD Segway Honor
fairy ring Bayleton
dollar spot
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway

49. PRD Segway Honor
fairy ring Bayleton
dollar spot Honor
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway

50. PRD Segway Honor
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway

51. PRD Segway Honor
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway

52. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway

53. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

54. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT
algae
brown patch
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

55. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT
algae
brown patch 26GT
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

56. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT
algae Daconil Ult
brown patch 26GT
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

57. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C
algae Daconil Ult
brown patch 26GT
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

58. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C
algae Daconil Ult Disarm C
brown patch 26GT
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

59. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C
algae Daconil Ult Disarm C
brown patch 26GT Disarm C
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

60. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C Honor
algae Daconil Ult Disarm C
brown patch 26GT Disarm C
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

61. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C Honor
algae Daconil Ult Disarm C Fore
brown patch 26GT Disarm C
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

62. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C Honor
algae Daconil Ult Disarm C Fore
brown patch 26GT Disarm C Honor
PRR Segway Signature + Banol

63. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C Honor
algae Daconil Ult Disarm C Fore
brown patch 26GT Disarm C Honor
PRR Segway Signature + Banol Terrazole

64. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C Honor
algae Daconil Ult Disarm C Fore
brown patch 26GT Disarm C Honor
PRR Segway Signature + Banol Terrazole Subdue

65. PRD Segway Honor Signature + Banol
fairy ring Bayleton Torque
dollar spot Honor Torque 26GT Disarm C Honor
algae Daconil Ult Disarm C Fore
brown patch 26GT Disarm C Honor
PRR Segway Signature + Banol Terrazole Subdue
Segway Bayleton Honor Torque Signature 26GT Terrazole Disarm C Subdue Honor
0.9 fl oz 1 fl oz 1.1 oz 0.6 fl oz 4 oz 4 fl oz 4 fl oz 5 fl oz 1 fl oz 1.1 fl oz
water-in water-in water-in water-in foliar foliar water-in foliar water-in foliar
Banol Daconil Ult Fore
2 fl oz 3.2 fl oz 6 oz
foliar foliar foliar

66. Program Infinity (March - June)
Date Product(s)
March 13 Segway (0.9 fl oz)
April 3 Bayleton (1 fl oz)
April 10 Honor (1.1 fl oz)
May 1 Torque (0.6 fl oz)
May 8 Signature + Banol (4 +2 oz)
May 22 Daconil + 26GT (6 + 4 oz)
May 29 Terrazole (4 oz)
June 5 Disarm C (5 fl oz)
June 12 Subdue Maxx (1 fl oz)
June 19 Fore + Honor (6 + 1.1 oz)

67. Comparing ways to develop and implement
fungicide programs
1. Program 13 (Clemson)
2. BASF Program
3. Bayer Program
4. Syngenta Program
5. Program Infinity
6. Program ’11 - treatments adjusted as
needed based on weather conditions

72. Program ’11: How to follow along...

73. Program ’11: How to follow along...
turfpathology.org

74. Program ’11: How to follow along...
turfpathology.org
facebook.com/turfpathology

75. Program ’11: How to follow along...
turfpathology.org
facebook.com/turfpathology
twitter.com/ncturfpathology

76. Program ’11: How to follow along...
turfpathology.org
facebook.com/turfpathology
twitter.com/ncturfpathology
feeds.feedburner.com/turfpathology

79. Support nematode
research at Clemson and
NC State!
http://sharonapbio-taxonomy.wikispaces.com

80. Recovery from aerification is driven by fertility.