Prospects for GBS prevention - current candidates & removing barriers to licensure of a GBS vaccine for pregnant women globally
https://www.meningitis.org/mrf-conference-2017
Prospects for GBS prevention - current candidates & removing barriers to licensure of a GBS vaccine for pregnant women globally
https://www.meningitis.org/mrf-conference-2017
What next for prevention of pneumococcal disease in light of serotype replacement? Is there a pathway to licensure for novel pneumococcal vaccines?
https://www.meningitis.org/mrf-conference-2017
Dr Marie-Pierre Preziosi's presentation at Meningitis Research Foundation's 2013 conference, Meningitis & Septicaemia in Children & Adults http://www.meningitis.org/conference2013
Accelerating COVID-19 Therapies: How a streamlined biosafety strategy can get...MilliporeSigma
Access the interactive recording: https://bit.ly/2xB2eRs
Abstract:
Vaccine and other biologic developers have long relied on traditional, growth-based methods for the detection of adventitious agents in a biosafety testing package. However, at a time where speed is of the essence, relying on testing methods that take many weeks is a real concern. Fortunately, alternative rapid detection methods can shorten timelines significantly — especially for Phase I testing. Here we will take you through these rapid alternatives and outline a testing strategy that can bring your therapy to the clinic faster.
Accelerating COVID-19 Therapies: How a streamlined biosafety strategy can get...Merck Life Sciences
Access the interactive recording: https://bit.ly/2xB2eRs
Abstract:
Vaccine and other biologic developers have long relied on traditional, growth-based methods for the detection of adventitious agents in a biosafety testing package. However, at a time where speed is of the essence, relying on testing methods that take many weeks is a real concern. Fortunately, alternative rapid detection methods can shorten timelines significantly — especially for Phase I testing. Here we will take you through these rapid alternatives and outline a testing strategy that can bring your therapy to the clinic faster.
Global lung cancer vaccine market & pipeline outlook 2022Rajesh Sarma
“Global Lung Cancer Vaccine Market & Pipeline Outlook 2022” report analyzes ongoing clinical and non-clinical trends in the global lung cancer vaccine market. Currently there are 3 lung cancer vaccines commercially available in the market. This report analyzes the ongoing clinical trial of 30 lung cancer vaccines in clinical pipeline and gives comprehensive clinical insight on various parameters associated with the development of the lung cancer vaccines. Currently there are 9 lung cancer vaccines in advance Phase-II clinical trials followed by 8 vaccines Phase-I/II trials.
"Global HIV Vaccine Market Future Outlook" Report Highlights:
Introduction to HIV Vaccines
Issues Related to the Development of HIV Vaccines
Parameters for Successful Commercialization of HIV Vaccines
Global HIV Vaccines Market Opportunity Analysis
Global HIV Vaccine Clinical Pipeline by Company & Phase
Global HIV Vaccine Clinical Pipeline: 100 Vaccines
Majority Vaccine in Preclinical Phase: 42 Vaccines
"Global HIV Vaccine Market Future Outlook" Report Highlights:
Introduction to HIV Vaccines
Issues Related to the Development of HIV Vaccines
Parameters for Successful Commercialization of HIV Vaccines
Global HIV Vaccines Market Opportunity Analysis
Global HIV Vaccine Clinical Pipeline by Company & Phase
Global HIV Vaccine Clinical Pipeline: 100 Vaccines
Majority Vaccine in Preclinical Phase: 42 Vaccines
The first section of Part III will cover the most immediate healthcare response - which is to test and diagnose patients for COVID-19, to get a clear picture on the extent of the spread of infection. It also covers the current technologies used in diagnostics: RT-PCR, LAMP, Lateral Flow and ELISA. It would also highlight key companies and comparison of the technologies involved.
QA Paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka 2020Azreen Aj
QA study - To improve the 6th monthly recall rate post-comprehensive dental treatment under general anaesthesia in paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka
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We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
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Professor Sir Andrew Pollard
1. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Using COVID vaccine technology to make
faster, cheaper meningitis vaccines, and
regulatory lessons from COVID
Andrew J Pollard
@ajpollard1
8. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Vaccines for meningitis
pathogens
Vaccine Type Impact New
developments
TB Live attenuated
bacterium
+
Mumps (MMR/MR) Live attenuated virus +++
Hib Glycoconjugate +++
MenACWY + X Glycoconjugate +++
MenB OMV/Protein ++
PCV10/13/15/20+ Glycoconjugate ++
GBS Glycoconjugate or
protein
? Various
products
E. coli, Listeria,
Klebsiella,
Staphylococcus
- -
9. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Vaccines for meningitis
pathogens
Vaccine Type Impact New
Developments
TB Live attenuated
bacterium
+ M72/AS01
Mumps (MMR/MR) Live attenuated virus +++
Hib Glycoconjugate +++
MenACWY + X Glycoconjugate +++
MenB OMV/Protein ++
PCV10/13/15/20+ Glycoconjugate ++
GBS Glycoconjugate or protein ?
E. coli, Listeria,
Klebsiella,
Staphylococcus
- -
10. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
COVID vaccine technologies
DNA RNA Protein
Viral vector
DNA vaccine
RNA vaccine
Protein vaccine
Whole cell Inactivated
or deactivated vaccine
Pneumococcus
TB
Pneumococcus
2nd Gen, MenB
11. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Genetic technologies
• Advantages of Viral Vector and RNA
vaccines:
– High antibody responses
– Strong T cell responses
– High efficacy
Sheikh et al NEJM 2021
VE against death from the delta variant
• 90% (95% CI, 83 to 94) for BNT162b2
• 91% (95% CI, 86 to 94) for ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
12. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Vaccine effectiveness for current
meningitis vaccines
Vaccine VE
Hib 95%
MenC 90%*
MenACWY 92% for W
MenB 52-59% against MenB
69% against MenW
PCV 56% overall reduction after 4 years
(86% reduction in PCV7 types and
69% reduction in PCV13 types)
Heath, PIDJ 1998
Borrow & Miler, ERV, 2014
Ladhani et al, CID 2021
Ladhani NEJM 2020
Waight et al, TLID, 2015
Ohm et al, CID, 2021
*but declined over time in youngest age groups, though controlled through herd immunity
13. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Antigen display
• Which protein?
• Protein folding a particular issue for bacterial
membrane proteins eg PorA
• Multimer assembly
• Multi-antigen gene inserts in viral vectors – pick the
vector
• Formulation? Mixing of RNA or VV
• Dose requirements needs attention (eg tolerability of
multiple LNPs)
14. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Glycosylation
Mammalian Glycan Linkages Produced by
Glycosylation
There are nine nucleotide sugar donors and
multiple protein and lipid acceptor motifs for
glycosyltransferases, which produce 14
different glycans in stereoisomeric
configurations (α or β) linked at the number 1
position of the donor sugar ring. The attached
monosaccharide frequently then becomes a
saccharide acceptor in 1 of 49 other
glycosyltransferase reactions. This results in
glycosidic bonds with α or β configurations of
the donor saccharide linked through position 1
or 2 to position 2, 3, 4, or 6 of an acceptor
saccharide.
Viral proteins are designed to be made in mammalian cells,
but bacterial proteins aren’t
Ohtsubo, Cell 2006
19. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Normal Development
Vaccine
design
Animal
studies
Phase I/II
GMP
Phase I Phase III
Phase II
Upscale
GMP
Licensure
5-15 years
Phase III
GMP
Antigen
selection
Establish
immuno
and safety
Is there
sufficient
case to
persuade
someone
to pay for
GMP
Is there a
phase 1
GMP slot
available
(18months-
2 years)
Are the
phase 1
results
good
enough to
proceed
It
was
the
wron
g
antig
en
OK, so looks
safe and
immunogeni
c but are we
sure there is
a market
that
justifies
phase III, is
it cost-
effective
Are
you
sure
there
is a
mark
et
There is no
correlate
and no one
can agree
on the
phase III
trial
proposal as
they are
worried it
wont be
accepted or
it is too big
or too flaky
20. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Licensing approach for a new
technology
• Meningococcus – SBA vs licensed
comparator
• Pneumococcus - ??OPA, efficacy,
Challenge model as an add on to PCV?
• TB - efficacy
23. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Oxford Vaccine Development
Pre-GMP
Sequence arrives
11/1/20
Animal studies
Manufacturing starts
16/3/2020
First dose in vial
2/4/2020
Vaccine released to trial
22/4/2020
1 or 2 dose schedule
Phase I/II trial
1077 UK
23/4/2020
UK
20/6/2020
10,416
Brazil
South
Africa
Phase II/III trials
Phase II on 28/5/2020
Regulatory submission
Interim results
23/11/2020
MHRA EUA
30/12/2020
8 months
24. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Speeding up?
Vaccine
design
Animal
studies
Phase I/II
GMP
Phase I Phase III
Phase II
Upscale
GMP
Licensure
5-15 years
Phase III
GMP
Antigen
selection
And vaccine
formulation
The market
and cost-
effectiveness
concerns
Financing to
avoid delay
Phase III
trials and
Licensing
challenges
The problem is not regulation!
25. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
faster, cheaper meningitis
vaccines, and regulatory
lessons
• Faster
– Definitely possible if no scientific hurdle and there is a
clear market and the financing to do the development
• Cheaper
– Cost of goods could be cheaper but these are still
biological products and not chemical drugs
– price will be driven by the market
• Regulatory lessons
– Regulators are not the main obstacle
26. www.ovg.ox.ac.uk
Global burden
• Existing technologies can still have a huge impact in global burden of
deployed effectively
• Broader pneumo vaccines (PCV+) bring further potential soon
• GBS
• Second generation MenB
• New TB vaccines