The document outlines a structured approach to problem-solving and decision-making at work through four key steps: defining the problem, generating alternatives, evaluating and selecting alternatives, and implementing solutions. It describes five major problem-solving tools, including the six-step process and 5W1H technique, and various decision-making styles (rational, intuitive, dependent, avoidant). Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of gathering relevant information and encouraging collaborative input when addressing issues.

1. PROBLEM
SOLVING
AND
DECISION
MAKING

2. Our Objective
Use appropriate problem-solving tool
and techniques to identify and resolve
the problems at work and assist in
decision making.

3. There are four basic steps in solving a problem
Step 1 Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Evaluating & selecting
alternatives
Implementing solutions
Generating alternatives
Defining the Problem

4. Top 5 Problem Solving Tools

5. PSDM Tool 1 - Six Step

6. PSDM Tool 2 – 5W1H
Q1 - What is the problem?
Q2 - When did the problem start?
Q3 - How frequently does it occur?
Q4 - Who is affected by the problem?
Q5 - How significant is the problem?
Q6 - Where does the problem happen?

7. PSDM Tool 3 – 5WHY’s

8. PSDM Tool 4 – Brainstorming
Alex Faickney Osborn
Advertising Executive

9. PSDM Tool 5 – Fishbone
People
Product / Materials / Services
Method / Process /System
Machine/ Resources
Measurements
Environment

11. Decision Making Styles
• Rational
• Intuitive
• Dependent
• Avoidant
Use of thorough search and
Evaluating Alternatives
Tendency to rely
on hunches and
feelings
Search for advice,
input and direction
from others
Avoids takes time, passes over, escalates
What is your style of Decision Making?

12. Pro’s & Con’s Method

13. "Six Thinking Hats" is a way of investigating an issue from a variety of
perspectives, but in a clear, conflict-free way.
PROCESS
BENEFITS
CAUTIONS
FACTS FEELINGS
CREATIVE

14. Behaviors to Manage Problems !!
Stop and think/plan/prepare
Ask people for their opinions
Understand what is actually happening
Calmly collect all the relevant
information about the situation
Keep everyone involved and informed
about what is happening
Warn/advise others who may be
affected with what is happening

15. Decision Making Objectives
• Understandtheneedtocollect
informationrelevanttothedecisiontobe
made
• Usesimpledecision-makingtechniques
toassistinevaluatingalternativeoptions
whenproblem-solving