The document discusses promoting research and innovation in India through "brain gain". It notes that India currently has low rates of patents and university rankings globally, spending only 3% of the world's research expenditure. It attributes this to factors like the education system, family/society pressure, poverty, and peer pressure distracting from innovative thinking. It proposes reforms like practical learning, updated curricula, funding for research, and parental/teacher support of students' interests to develop India's innovative potential. The conclusion states knowledge should be imparted interestingly to develop interest in research, and government initiatives are needed along with education reforms to make India a leading innovator.

1. MANTHAN TOPIC
BRAIN GAIN
PROMOTING RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
TEAM DETAILS
• DEVAL PATEL
• JAYDEEP RANIPA
• PRATEEK SINGH
• ROHIT NAIR
• VIVEK PATEL
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"We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without
which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.“
- Albert Einstein

2. Brain Gain : Promoting Research and Innovation
With the present Indian Population of
over a 130 crore, India is the second
most populous nation in the world.
Over half of this population currently
lies under the age of 25 years.
Facts[1]
With this much people having the potential to
lead India become a strong knowledge economy,
India still has only 0.3% of the total world patents
(stats as of year 2010).
Indian Government, with the aim of positioning
India among the Top 5 Scientific global powers by
the year 2020, has launched a commission in the
year 2010 named the NATIONAL INNOVATION
COMMISSION (NInC) with the aim to create a
Roadmap of Innovation.
Introduction to the Cause
Not even a single Indian University stands
among the top 100 Global Universities.
Also, the country has spent only about 3% of
world’s total expenditure on research.
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1. Facts provided by Indiacag

3. Reasons behind the “trauma”
• There are , however quite a large number of
reasons behind such a distress starting from
India’s Education System to the prevailing
Poverty in the Indian society.
• The reasons also include the pressure from
the family and the society, under which the
child gets no time to cherish his innovative
ideas and thoughts.
No Leisure Hours! (School Burden)
Despite of the fact that the school hours are just
around 6 - 7 hours a day, and around 6 days a week,
our students are bounded by ton loads of home-
works, assignments and other school related
activities.
And due to this, they hardly get any time for their own
thoughts.
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4. Family Pressure
All that a “Typical Indian Family” wants
from their child is to achieve good marks
and generally in the run to get good marks,
they fail to fulfill some of their dreams.
Often the family pressure develops fear of
exams in children and reduces his
confidence. This also develops stress in the
child.
Pressure from the society : ‘Kapoor sab kya sochenge’
Parents love to compare their child with other children of the same age group on basis of
academic talents.
Children, young or old, are often misled by their parents and their society when it
comes to choosing a path for their future. People prefer to go with the majority
when it comes to academic causes. In the run for it, parents forget their child’s
ambition and his own personal goals.

5. Poverty as a ‘hindrance’
• According to the recent reports, the poverty
in India accounts to around one third of its
entire population.
• More than half of these are under the age of
25 yrs.
• In order to get food and clothing for their
family, these children have no other choice
than to get money to compensate for their
family’s basic needs rather than going to
school.
Peer Group Pressure
Every child is born Intelligent, the field of intelligence
however varies. Its Education which ruins them.
Peers become an important influence in behavior in
adolescence and peer pressure has been called a hallmark
of adolescent experience.
Peer pressure is linked with style, attitude, tastes,
appearances and values. Students often forget their real
aim and end up doing what their peer group does.
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6. Steps to ‘Overcome’ the trauma in the present Scenario.
“A good education system is fundamental to a nation that wants to be economically or
otherwise independent.”
Education, be it Primary or Secondary, has somehow became ‘MARKS OREINTED’ these days.
Students scoring less marks face humiliation from their peers and teacher.
“Acche marks paao so Science, warna Commerce Arts”.
AChild should be given complete freedom to select his path for higher education.
Study, be it at school or college level should be practical oriented instead of traditional way under
which they are forced to mug up the theories and formulas. Students are evaluated on basis of their
bookish knowledge and not on their talents.
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The primary purpose of a school is to guide the child’s discovery of
himself and his world and to identify and mature the child’s talents. But
here in India, the education system has led the students run after marks.
Its not that these above mentioned points are valid for all the schools,
but the fact that India stands way behind in research and innovation still
holds. And as a remedy, we can motivate our children (the future pillars
of the country) to be the part of the change.

7. Steps that the Indian Government should take.
Government should take initiatives, like organizing a ‘NATIONAL INNOVATION WEEK’ or something of
the same sort, which may motivate the children to cultivate and their own ideas which in turn will lead
to the change.
Finance has always been a problem for India’s development. Even in this case, if the government could
spend few more pennies upon research and innovations, it could do wonders to the young innovative
minds of the country.
The government could raise funds to make the classrooms interactive so that the students get enough
knowledge for further research on any topic in which they develop interest.
In each and every course curriculum we can include one chapter under which we can include topics like
what are the necessities which are not being satisfied in todays world. This will lead students to think
for the solutions of that necessities and may help them take a step towards innovating something
which can fulfill those necessities.
“No work is done alone”.
Teachers also should guide them in nurturing their ideas.
“NECESSITY ISTHE MOTHER OF INVENTIONS”

8. Parental Guidance
The Education System is stuck to the same
set of Textual Materials since years.
Students are not updated to the present
day facts. TEXTBOOKS should be updated
at least once in a year, so that the student
will get acquainted to the present scenario.
The knowledge provided by the teachers
should not be limited to Textbooks alone.
Teachers should be able to make studies
interesting rather than making it boring for
the children. They should help children
develop interest in studies.
Parents can also be the part of the change by motivating
their children. Children should not feel the burden of
Examinations, nor the parents have to impose any kind
of academic stress on them.
Children should not be compared with other children in
terms of their academic talents or marks. It however
develops a competitiveness in the child but decreases
his morale.
Parents should let the child take his own decisions on
opting for the right field for higher education.
A bit change in the Education System.
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9. Why Indian Graduates don’t prefer to pursue masters
from Indian Universities ?
According to the recent surveys, most of the
Indian Graduate students don’t prefer Indian
Universities for their Masters.
Students rather prefer to pursue their
masters from United States of America.
Statistics say that among the students
enrolled in higher education Institutions in
US, Indian Students contribute to a major
portion.
The reasons behind this being :
1. Unemployment problem in our
Country.
2. India lacks facilities for higher research
works.
And thus talented experts like to seek new
pastures abroad.

10. “Innovation distinguishes between a leader
and a follower.”
- SteveJobs
CONCLUSION
Knowledge, in whatever form it may be,
should be provided to the students in
such a way that they develop interest in
them.
The country needs many more technical
institutions to be able to address the
higher education needs of the increasing
number of students.
With some positive changes to the
Education System, along with the
introduction of some new Initiatives by
the Government with the motto of
motivating the students towards
innovative thinking and helping them
cultivate their ideas, India soon can
become the leading country in
Innovations and Research.
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11. “If India was capable of producing great minds such as
Swami Vivekananda, Aryabhatta and C.V Ramanujam, our
land still has the capability to produce greater minds than
Steve Jobs and Benjamin Franklin.”

12. REFERENCES
• India Cag : Introduction to the content and statistics.
• Department of Homeland Security, US Immigration and Customs Enforcement : Statistics related
to Foreign Students pursuing their higher education in the United States.
• Indian Poverty statistics : http://www.wikipedia.org
• Wordpress.com, Blogspot.com : Images Related to various causes.
• Report of the National Innovation Commission.