This document defines shock and outlines its causes, consequences, diagnosis, and management. Shock is defined as reduced effective tissue perfusion leading to cellular and circulatory dysfunction. The main types of shock discussed are hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive shock. The consequences of shock include anaerobic metabolism, lactic acidosis, and ultimately organ dysfunction or failure if not treated. Diagnosis involves assessing for signs of hypoperfusion like decreased mental status and oliguria. Management focuses on restoring perfusion through fluid resuscitation and treating the underlying cause.