A gerund is a nonfinite verb form acting as a noun by adding the '-ing' suffix to a base verb, with regular and irregular verbs following different patterns. Gerunds can function as subjects or objects in sentences, often appearing in phrases that contain modifiers or objects. They are important for adding variety and complexity to sentence structure in both written and spoken English.

1. GERUND
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2. DEFINITION
A gerund is a nonfinite verb form in languages, often
acting as a noun. In English, it combines verb and noun
properties, modifiable by adverb. Gerunds are verb
forms that function as nouns in sentences, created by
adding the "-ing" suffix to the base form of a verb,
representing actions, activities, or states of being.
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3. Formation Process
Regular Verbs:
Add "-ing" to the base verb.
Example: walk → walking, read → reading
Irregular Verbs:
Follow specific patterns for adding "-ing".
Examples:
run → running
swim → swimming
sing → singing By: C.A.R.B

4. Examples of Formation
Regular verbs:
play → playing
jump → jumping
Irregular verbs:
eat → eating
drink → drinking
Structure of a Gerund
Base Verb + "-ing"
Examples:
writing (from the base
verb write)
running (from the
base verb run)
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5. Common Uses of Gerunds
1. As Subjects
Gerunds can serve as the subject of a sentence.
Example: Swimming is good exercise.
2. As Objects of Verbs
Gerunds can act as the object of a verb.
Example: She enjoys reading books.
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6. Gerund phrases
A gerund phrase is a phrase that contains a
gerund and a modifier or an object and, in some
cases, both of these. Here are three examples of
gerund phrases:
Apologizing to them
Underground exploring
Running with scissors
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7. Gerunds and infinitives:
Gerunds aren’t the only kind of verb that act as nouns. When
you need to use a verb as a noun, you can also turn it into an
infinitive.
An infinitive is the word “to” + a verb’s root. There are two ways
you can use an infinitive: as a noun that communicates a single
concept and as an adjective to describe a noun within the
sentence. Here are a few examples, with infinitives bolded:
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8. FUNCTIONS:
As Subjects:
Gerunds can serve as the
subject of a sentence, taking
the place of a noun.
Example: Swimming is my
favorite exercise.
As Objects of Verbs:
Gerunds can act as the direct
object or indirect object of a
verb.
Example: I enjoy reading books.
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9. Importance of Gerunds
•Facilitate sentence structure diversity
and complexity.
•Enrich language by allowing for nuanced
expression and creativity.
•Commonly used in both written and
spoken English, showcasing their
practical significance.

10. VIDEO PRESENTATION:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWhtHcKaNNg