Waste create bricks

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2. PROJECT TITLE:
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF WASTE CREATE BRICKS:
EVALUATE THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES, DURABILITY, AND
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF WASTE-CREATE BRICKS
COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL BRICKS
BSc Civil ENGINEERING- RESEARCH PROPOSAL
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, Superior
University LAHORE.
RESEARCH ADVISOR
Engr. Azher Mehmood
PROPOSAL BY:
Shams ul Iqbal
Reg # BSCEM-F20-002
Noman Ashraf
Reg # BSCEM-F20-026
Shujjat Ali
Reg # BSCEM-F20-016
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3. CONTENTS
■ INTRODUCTION
■ PROBLEM STATEMENT
■ OBJECTIVES
■ LITERATURE REVIEW
■ RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
■ MIX PREPARATION
■ PROPOSED TESTING
■ PROJECT TIMELINE
■ REFERENCES
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4. INTRODUCTION
■ The construction industry significantly contributes to environmental
degradation due to resource consumption and waste generation. To
address these challenges, there is a growing interest in developing
alternative building materials, such as waste-created bricks, that offer
comparable or improved performance while minimizing environmental
impact.
■ This project aims to comprehensively evaluate the mechanical
properties, durability, and environmental impact of waste-created bricks
compared to conventional bricks.
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5. PROBLEM STATEMENT
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■ The construction industry significantly contributes to global resource
consumption and environmental impact. Conventional brick
manufacturing relies heavily on clay extraction, energy-intensive firing
processes, and transportation, resulting in substantial carbon emissions
and ecosystem disruption.

6. OBJECTIVES
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■ The prime purposes of this research study are as follows:
■ To characterize the material for determining the optimum composition.
■ To assist the mechanical durability properties of the developed bricks.
■ To evaluate the environmental impact of developing bricks.

7. OBJECTIVES
To characterize the material for determining the optimum composition.
 Evaluate the compressive strength, flexural strength, and elastic modulus of
waste-created bricks and conventional bricks.
 Measure water absorption characteristics and abrasion resistance of both
brick types
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8. OBJECTIVES
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 To assist the mechanical durability properties of the developed bricks.
 Investigate the freeze-thaw resistance of waste-created bricks and conventional
bricks.
 Assess both brick types' chemical resistance and weathering behavior through
simulated environmental exposure.
 Conduct long-term durability tests to understand the performance of the bricks over
extended periods.

9. OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the environmental impact of developing
bricks.
 Perform a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of waste-created bricks
and conventional bricks, considering all stages from raw material extraction to
disposal.
 Analyze resource consumption, including energy, water, and raw materials, for
each type of brick production.
 Calculate the carbon footprint associated with manufacturing and
transportation processes for both brick types.
 Compare waste generation profiles and potential for recyclability or
reusability.
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10. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT(LCA)
 Analyzing the performance of waste-created bricks compared to conventional
bricks involves evaluating mechanical properties, durability, and environmental
impact throughout their entire life cycle. This can be done through a Life Cycle
Assessment (LCA), which assesses the environmental impact of a product from
raw material extraction to manufacturing, transportation, use, and disposal.
 A comprehensive LCA will provide valuable insights into the performance of
waste-create bricks compared to conventional bricks, helping stakeholders make
informed decisions about their use in construction projects while considering
environmental sustainability and durability.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
Author Work of the Author Findings of the Author
Azhar
Mehmood.
El at.,
(2022)
Role of industrial by-
products and
metakaolin in the
development of
sustainable
geopolymer blends
he use of waste by-products such as
sugarcane bagasse ash and fly ash has
been proved as an economical solution
that can help signify the synergistic use of
these materials with metakaolin in the
production of geopolymer blend.
Olivia
Teresa
Maza-
Ignacio et
al., (2019)
Recycling untreated
sugarcane bagasse
ash and industrial
wastes for the
preparation of
resistant, lightweight
and ecologically fired
bricks
Finally, bricks made with the 70CLAY +
20UtSCBA + 10SF mixture fired at 1100 ˚C are
2.08% more resistant to compression, 84% more
resistant to bending, and 7.03% lighter than the
control bricks; in addition, with this mixture, the
use of clay is reduced by up to 30%.

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LITERATURE REVIEW
Author Work of the Author Findings of the Author
Prinya
Chindaprasirt
(2017)
Utilization of Sugarcane
Bagasse Ash to Improve
Properties of Fired Clay Brick
The results indicated that the addition of
SCBA does have a reduction effect on
compressive strength. However, good
strength bricks that meet the ASTM strength
requirement of 17.2 Mpa could be obtained
with 2.5 % SCBA fired at 1000 °C and 2.5,
5.0, and 7.5% SCBA fired at 1100 °C. The
SCBA-clay bricks had lower density due to
the pore-forming characteristics of SCBA
when compared to the control bricks without
SCBA.
Syed M.S.
Kazmi. et. al,
(2016).
Utilization of waste sugarcane
bagasse and rice husk ashes
It can be concluded that the
incorporation of RHA and SBA up to
5% in burnt clay bricks can be
effectively used for massive-scale
brick production leading to economical
and sustainable construction.

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LITERATURE REVIEW
Author Work of the Author Findings of the Author
Alaa Shakir
et. Al (2013)
Development Of Bricks From
Waste Material
Certain bricks are produced without
firing which is an advantage over
other manufacturing of bricks in
term of low embodied energy
material. The study in turn is useful
for various resource persons
involved in using industrial or
agricultural waste materials to
develop sustainable construction
material.
Apurva
Kulkarni. et
al., (2013
Bagasse Ash As An Effective
Replacement In Fly Ash Bricks
Based on limited experimental
investigations concerning
compressive strength of Brick, the
following observations are made
regarding the resistance of partially
replaced Bagasse ash.

14. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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Literature Review
Material
Procurement &
Preparation
Casting Curing
Testing
Results &
Discussions
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
Literature Review
Material
Procurement &
Preparation
Casting Curing
Testing
Results &
Discussions
Conclusions
Recommendations
References

15. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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The work for this proposed research study is planned to be done in the
following stages:
1.Mechanical Properties Assessment
 Conduct standardized compressive strength and flexural strength tests according to
ASTM or relevant standards.
 Perform water absorption tests and abrasion resistance tests using established
procedures.

16. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.Durability Analysis
 Subject both brick types to controlled freeze-thaw cycles and monitor
changes in properties.
 Expose bricks to simulated environmental conditions, including UV
radiation, temperature variations, and chemical exposure.
 Conduct prolonged durability testing to simulate real-world conditions.
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17. 3.Environmental Impact Evaluation
 Conduct a cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment using recognized methodologies.
 Quantify resource consumption, carbon emissions, and waste generation at each
life cycle stage.
 Analyze data using appropriate LCA software and tools to compare
environmental impacts.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

18. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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Experimentation
 Comprehensive data on mechanical properties of waste-created and conventional
bricks, including compressive strength, flexural strength, and more.
 Insights into the durability performance of waste-created bricks and their ability to
withstand freeze-thaw cycles, chemical exposure, and weathering.
 Quantitative assessment of environmental impact, comparing resource consumption,
carbon footprint, and waste generation between the two brick types.

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Sr. No. Stage of the project Result Date
1 We have reviewed the literature Azhar Mehmood. El at.,
(2022)
Olivia Teresa Maza-Ignacio
et al., (2019)
Syed M.S. Kazmi. et. al,
(2016) Etc
5 –September-2023 to
25-september- 2023
2 Arranged the sample
Mughal Group Industries coal-fired
power plant in Sheikhupura
Sugar cane baggas ash sample from
patuki sugar mill
These sample send to
laboratory
testing for (PCSIR )
25-september-2023 to
till Date

20. PROPOSED TESTS
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STANDARD TEST METHODS TO DETERMINE SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH
WASTE CREATE BRICKS
DESCRIPTION TEST METHOD AS PER
ASTM CODES
REQUIREMENT
AS PER ASTM
C109 (Standard,
2008) and C597
(ASTM, 2016)
Compressive Strength ASTM. C 1314-12 Class disgnation
5.0
Water Absorption of bricks ASTM D570 Not more than
20%
Efflorescence of bricks ASTM C 67 Upto 12.5 Class

21. PROJECT TIMELINE
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22. REFERENCES
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[1] S. Maithel, R. UmaBrick Kilns Performance Assessment, 2012
[2]S. Maithel, S. Kumar, D. Lalchandani, S. Kanungo Factsheets About Brick Kilns in South and South-
East Asia: Fixed Chimney Bull’s Trench Kiln, (2014)
[3]S. Clay, D. Gibson, J. Ward Sustainability Victoria: influencing resource use, towards zero waste and
sustainable production and consumption Cleaner Prod., 15 (8) (2007), pp. 782-786 (2007) View PDF
View article View in Scopus Google Scholar
[4]B. Christophe, C. Rebecca, D. Daphne, D. Tim, E. Katherine, Lim. Brendan, O. Erica, Y. Suzi.

23. REFERENCES
23
[5]C.A. Garcia- Ubaque, G. Liliana, C.M. Juan Quality study of ceramic bricks manufactures
with clay and ashes from the incineration of municipal solid wastes Afinidad
LXX, 561 (2013) (2013), pp. 61-66 Google Scholar
[6]L. Zhang Production of bricks from waste materials - A review Constr. Build.
Mater., 47 (2013), pp. 643-655 View PDFView articleView in ScopusGoogle Scholar
[7] C. Ingrao, C. Arcidiacono, A. Bezama, G. Loppolo, K. Winan's, A. Kostina's, S. Gallego
Sustainability issues of by-product and waste management systems, to produce building material
commodities: a comprehensive review of findings from a virtual special issue

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