Clara Wu
Simran Dadlani
Domenic Violante
MEANINGFUL CONSUMPTION
part one: trend forecasting + opportunities
TABLE OF CONTENTS
What is Meaningful Consumption?...................
Trend Forecasting: Notable Trends.................4
Trend Forecasting: Selected Trends................6
Health-Aid........................................................................7
Definition..............................................................................8
Signals.................................................................................9
Questions...........................................................................10
Implications........................................................................13
Custo“me”cation............................................................14
Definition............................................................................15
Signals...............................................................................16
Questions...........................................................................17
Implications........................................................................20
Symmunication..............................................................21
Definition............................................................................22
Signals...............................................................................23
Questions...........................................................................24
Implications........................................................................27
Summary........................................................28
Next Steps......................................................29
Chosen Frameworks........................................30
Lululemon Athletica..........................................32
Description......................................................................33
SWOT Analysis................................................................36
Health-Aid & Lululemon Athletica: Inital Concept...........41
Questions...........................................................................43
Persona..............................................................................49
Air Canada.......................................................51
Description................................................................................52
SWOT Analysis.........................................................................55
Custo“me”cation & Air Canada: Inital Concept.................60
Questions...........................................................................62
Persona..............................................................................68
Loblaws............................................................70
Description................................................................................71
SWOT Analysis.........................................................................72
Symmunication & Loblaws: Inital Concept......................77
Questions.............................................................................79
Persona................................................................................85
Conclusion.......................................................87
Bibliography.....................................................89
WHAT IS
MEANINGFUL CONSUMPTION?
Utilizing a resource to make yourself or others gain more value out of
life by allowing ethics and emotions to
influence your decisions.
NOTABLE TRENDS
LOCAL TRADE
Supporting their own economy by shop-
ping locally to encourage the communities’
prosperity and reduce their ecological
footprint.
INTERCONNECTIVITY
A purposeful interaction taking place in
real time with other beings through
technology to facilitate connection.
TOTAL TRANSPARENCY
Consumers want to contribute to brands
that go beyond the product to create
positive impact as brands now contribute
towards their personal identity.
UTILITECH
Smart technology that gathers personal
and useful information to gain
self-achievement.
CUSTOM”ME”ZATION
Products where decisions are made
by the consumer and as a result hold
sentimental value.
SENTIMOTIONAL
The user is driven by their memory and
emotion with the objective of reliving the
past.
SKILLSHOP
Wanting to advance your skillset be it
for work or passion to move closer to
self-actualization.
HEALTH-CONSCIOUS
People are becoming more conscious
about what they put in their bodies.
EMPERTISING
Involving consumers in marketing by
emphasizing their relationship with the
product or service.
TOURCATION
Travellers want to get educated through the
authentic side of places rather than landmarks
to experience the true culture.
SELECTED TRENDS
HEALTH-AID
Local Trade + Health Conscious
People are becoming more concerned about the food they consume
and are now looking to buy local and organic to ensure the freshest
and most ecological way to stay healthy and aware.
• Juice Bars
• Farmer’s Markets, Co-op’s
• BUNZ Trading Zone
• ‘Artisan’ menus: hand-crafted,
typically in smaller batches and made with
high quality ingredients.
• MEC
• Urban Farming - in condos
• Restaurants and Supermarkets
labelling local produce
• Sales of Organic and natural
grown products products have
enjoyed a 24 and 28 percent
increase over the past year
SIGNALS
• Shifting the economy of franchised grocery stores.
• The enthusiasm presented by consumers has led suppli-
ers, grocers and restaurants to change and adapt by adding
locally produced goods to their offerings year-round.
• Restaurants are also subject to the trend - some even
growing herbs and vegetables on site.
• Hyper-local foods, which refers to food grown in house,
such as restaurant gardens.
Where is it occuring?
• Fresher, healthier, tastier and easier on the environment than
the shipped equivalents profound influence (chosen for their
high yield and durability) on the nation’s food systems.
• “Interest in local food is largely driven by concerns about food
quality, health and nutrition, food safety, local economies and
farmers, and the environment.”
(Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food pg8)
• “Along with fuelling consumer support for local food, the po-
tential health benefits of local food have motivated governments
and non-governmental organizations to promote it.”
(Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food pg8)
• “...beyond just buying fresh fruits and vegetables from local
farms; now they are purchasing local beef, seafood, and even
beer and wine.” - The Balance
Why is it happening?
How prevelant is it?
• It could change the future of farming - urban farming
• Ryerson Urban Farm engages college-age students from food
growing to food marketing
• Seeping its way through the education system
• Healthy food programs at school + healthy vending machines
• We are now looking beyond the
product, curious to know where our food
is from, how it got here, how it was
grown/made.
• Meaningful to consumers as they are
now motivated to prolong their life and
care for their body, motivating them to
be more proactive in other areas such
as exercise. This leads consumers to
what they feel is a ‘fuller’ life that
respects our planet and their body.
• Local food systems can create
economic benefits such as farmer’s
markets, farm stands,
community-supported agriculture
programs, and agri-tourism activities.
(Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food pg11)
IMPLICATIONS
CUSTOM“ME”CATION
Custo“me”zation + Tourcation
By using subjective internet resources to plan out
their trips, travellers are able to tour the unfamiliar
areas of a country with the hope of uncovering an
authentic cultural experience.
• YouTube Vlogs
• 360º Videos
• Anywhere.com
• Airbnb
• EF Tours, S-Trips
• Live Translation: Pilot Earbuds,
Google Translate
• Google Maps
• Snapchat Geo-filter
SIGNALS
• Tourists preparing for their trip - no longer resorting solely to
landmarks/classics
• Disruption in Hotel Industry with Airbnb
• Even followed by locals who want to understand their home better
Where is it occuring?
• Learning experience through travelling to obtain knowledge.
• People learn about hotspots through social media. (Instagram)
• Financially motivated - not wanting to get ripped off. Want to
support local businesses too
• People can ‘experience’ famous landmarks through textbooks or
online so it is no longer a priority when having a limited amount
of time
Why is it happening?
• Changing the way people learn about that world
• Real experience > learning from books
• People interested to see how cultures have blended rather
than pure history
How prevelant is it?
• Tailoring the way you learn about
the world and its cultures to your
interests through authentic
experiences.
• Creating a society that is curious
to try new things.
• Craving an exclusive experience
that is irreplaceable and your own.
IMPLICATIONS
SYMMUNICATION
Empertising + Total Transparency
The division between consumers and brands is now blurring as “people”
are now the ambassadors of a company rather than celebrities to show the
authenticity of the brand, in the hopes of mutually reaching their
aspirations while making the brand more relatable.
• Andy Pandy
• Frank Body
• Tesla + Elon Musk
• Silent Gold Pet Food
• Betabrand - Crowdfunding
Clothing Company
• Burberry - Art of the Trench
• Emphasis on the experience
consumers may have
SIGNALS
• Instagram posts sharing users’ experience
• Cosmetic industry - different methods of application, feedback
• Online brands and shopping
• Food industry (Wendy’s, McDonald’s)
Where is it occuring?
Why is it happening?
• Empowers the consumer to take control of their buying decisions
• Companies are playing more into people’s lifestyles, where the brands you
support begin to define who you are
• Tells consumers they have nothing to hide while sending the message that
they care about the needs and wants of their customers
• Consumers want to understand exactly what they are buying and all the
value it can provide
How prevelant is it?
• Important for consumers to know the other side of the brand - interested in the
other areas of the company
• When buyers make purchases,
they want to know their decisions
are good for their family and align
with personal or charitable interests
IMPLICATIONS
People are becoming more
concerned about the food they
consume and are now looking
to buy local and organic to
ensure the freshest and most
ecological way to stay healthy
and aware.
HEALTH-AID
By using subjective internet
resources to plan out their
trip, travellers are able to
tour the unfamiliar areas of a
country with the hope of
uncovering an authentic
cultural experience.
CUSTOM“ME”CATION
The division between consumers and brands is now blurring as “people” are now the
ambassadors of a company rather than celebrities to show the authenticity of the brand, in the
hopes of mutually reaching their aspirations while making the brand more relatable.
SYMMUNICATION
THE
THREE
TRENDS
next steps
CONCEPTUALIZING
OPPORTUNITIES
Moving forward with a firm understanding of the
theme of ‘meaningful consumption’ and three current
trends, we shall be pairing the trends with brands
which we forsee potential to enhance, expand or
redefine their strategy.
SWOT ANALYSIS
A framework that will allow us to identify a brand’s strengths and how to create
opportunities for them. In addition to how our trend can feed into these
opportunities. By recognizing the brand’s weaknesses and external threats we
can conceptualize our opportunity with the hope of overcoming their challenges
and creating space for new forces.
STRENGTHS
INTERNALEXTERNAL
HARMFULHELPFUL
OPPORTUNITIES
WEAKNESSES
THREATS
Lululemon is curious at the core, they are constantly thinking about innovation
and social impact. Their ambition is to elevate our world from mediocrity to one
that is great.
MARRIAGE OF SCIENCE + FASHION
“do not use cleaning chemicals on your
kitchen surfaces. someone will inevitably
make a sandwich on your counter”
THE ODD BIT OF THEIR MANIFESTO
“do not use cleaning chemicals on your
kitchen surfaces. someone will inevitably
make a sandwich on your counter”
do not poison the earth that you
will eventually live on
be conscious about what
you’re consuming
be natural do things with
intention
THE ODD BIT OF THEIR MANIFESTO
• We are now looking beyond the product,
curious to know where our food is from,
how it got here, how it was grown/made.
• Meaningful to consumers as they are
now motivated to prolong their life and
care for their body, motivating them to be
more proactive in other areas such as
exercise. This leads consumers to what
they feel is a ‘fuller’ life that respects our
planet and their body.
• Local food systems can create
economic benefits such as farmer’s
markets, farm stands,
community-supported agriculture
programs, and agri-tourism activities.
(Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food pg11)
STRENGTHS
• Expensive (middle-high class customers)
• Hard to expand to a larger audience
because of high prices
• Macro-forces of economy making
consumers more price conscious
• Perceived soley as a women's brand
• Menswear only makes up of 16% of sales
• Strive towards women in their market
WEAKNESSES
• Their goal is to reach 25% of sales for men
• Expand towards a market with lower price
points (students, internationally)
• Product expansion
OPPORTUNITIES
• Tapping into wearable tech or
tech integrated clothing (monitor
heart beat and calorie burns)
• Working with healthy stores
• Offering detox products/lifestyle
• Creating a more holistic lifestyle
brand
• Encouraging being in the
outdoors, providing picnic packs
• Moving Lululemon from a day
brand to a day and night brand
• Social Justice campaign - ‘men in
the kitchen’ cooking healthy foods
that aligns with their brand
HEALTH-AID + =
THREATS
• Competition
• People copying their patterns and sleek design
• More brands that cater for men (Nike, Under Armour)
• Been around longer
Introducing
Health Aid + Lululemon Athletica
LULULIVING
Lululiving is mixing healthy living with partying by hosting regular
events that encourage nutritional consumption which helps the mind
stay aware of what we consume.
• Advertising campaign
• Merchandise
• Healthy foods / drinks
• Handing out recipes
• Collaborations with firms holding similar values and wanting to motivate
their workers
• A big party!
What might the products be?
• Students
• Low-middle income families
• Sustainable oriented people
• Anyone who wants to learn new recipes
• People who want to cook efficiently
What markets might they serve?
• Encourage healthy active living through a meaningful and attractive
way, partying.
• Showing that healthy living is fun, easy and possible in all areas of life
• Socializing with people with similar interests
• Networking for personal and business agendas
How can the identified
trends help them deliver
more benefits to their users?
How compelling is your case to
management?
• Presents Loblaws as a brand that is conscious about being wasteful of food by
promoting imperfect food - possibility of including near expiry foods
• Form of advertising - producing a platform for people to share how they use
Loblaws products
• Attracting those that avoid Loblaws because of its premium prices
• Extend the potential of programs that are already in place
What elements of your
opportunity can be made now?
• Feasible within this year
• Lululemon already shown interest in food industry with inclusion of smoothie
bars and cafes in certain flagship stores
• Product: healthy smoothie recipes, energizing shots, fresh fruits
• Service: socializing event, collaboration with companies
What market shape might
they take?
Meet Jeremy.
A young business student at the University of
Toronto who is eager to be more involved in his
local community as he is from the suburbs. He
wants to explore the area around him and meet
new people. Alongside school, he works hard at
a job trying to save for his spending allowance.
You see, Jeremy’s been trying to get fitter, but
with all his school work and the part-time job,
where is the time? After work at 6, he’s fried.
He read online that meditating can cope with his
stress on his mind. A Lululemon ad recently
appeared on his Instagram feed which struck
some curiosity as to what they were and why it
showed up on his feed?
Jeremy quickly realizes that it was because he
was looking into yoga as a way to relax. He clicks
on the sponsored ad and it leads him to an event
page about Lululiving.
Jeremy scrolls down and plays a video on the
page. The video is playing the Radio’s top
10’s hottest playlist and a bunch of people are
in their fitness gear having fun while drinking
vibrant smoothies. He notices that the
environment is dark but the people are smiling
and jumping with joy.
The video ends with the words “Join Now!”
and Jeremy is eager to see what this event is
about. He learns that LuluLiving is a party
event that runs on Friday nights with a local
DJ. Lululemon serves them fresh smoothies
and fruits with energy ginger shots. He’s
thinking it might be a the perfect opportunity
to network and socialize for his future career.
Being excited about this event, Jeremy enters
his info and is thrilled to go.The next day, he
makes sure to tell all his peers and co-workers
about Lululiving.
EXPERIENCE TRAVEL
Air Canada wants to connect Canada to the World while building loyalty with their
customers through passion and innovation. They realize that traveling is more than
just about the destination but instead, the personal experience that you have there
and on the way there.
“Your world awaits.”
• One of the dominating airlines
• Loyalty Programs in place - Aero-
plan Card
• Innovative in Technology
• Strong branding, showing their un-
derstanding that travel is an experi-
ence.
• Caters to a large population (a
range from upper to middle class
income)
• Long list of flight routes
• International, transborder,
domestics
STRENGTHS
• High fixed costs
• Bad public media reputation
• Perceived as disorganized and
having poor customer service
• No sustainable initiatives
• Not understood as personal
WEAKNESSES
• Make them feel more exclusive,
more at home despite being in the air
• Life on the plane: A stressless journey
• Making the flight a more significant
part of your travels
OPPORTUNITIES
CUSTO”ME”CATION
+
=
• More holistic experience
• More than just flying but
rather travelling
• Planning your vacation while
on the go
• More meaningful travel loyalty
program - personalized your
savings
THREATS
• Other airlines
• Canadian Airlines - West Jet
• Budget Airlines
• Fuel costs
• Economy
• Currency and bad economy causes users to not
want to fly
Introducing
Custom “me” cation + Air Canada
#ACLOCALS
Introducing
Custom “me” cation + Air Canada
#ACLIVING
A new program where people can tailor their travel experiences through
locals’ suggestions to taste it's true authenticity and culture, enabling them
to get an exclusive itinerary.
What might the products be?
• Booths spotted around Airport for participation
• Forms on-flight
• UI/UX for On-flight entertainment screen
• Advertising Campaign
• Social media ("use our hashtag #ACLocals to feature your favourite place in
your city!" Using instagram to show locality)
• Adventurers
• Young Travellers
• Business People
• May have spent less time thinking about the experience they may have
e.g restaurants to go to. Have time to kill between meetings and now do not
have to go searching for what to do - embracing their time there.
What markets might they serve?
• Help tourists find local areas
• Makes them feel like home rather than a tourist
• Curating their own experience from what they’ve researched and
now personal experiences, thanks to AC.
• Supporting local businesses
• Learning true culture over commercial culture
• Exclusive experience
How can the identified
trends help them deliver
more benefits to their users?
How compelling is your case to
management?
• The brand is already on the right track, showing that AC has recognized travel
is an experience therefore much more than just getting from point A to point B.
However, this is not reflected in the service they provide.
• Embrace the full potential of their branding strategy/identity
• “Tourists carry maps, travellers carry curiosity”
• Relaxed vacation of new experiences rather than famous skyscrapers
and museums
What elements of your
opportunity can be made now?
• Needs to design the program and get people to participate through
advertising campaigns and instructions on how to be involved
• May partner with local companies/bloggers etc.
• Service: A new way of planning your trip in the air through interaction
with customers
• Product: Booth, forms, print
What market shape might
they take?
Meet
Tim and Jackie.
They are in their mid twenties and they both
currently work at a public high school. It is
winter break and they plan to head to New
York City for a short romantic getaway.
The couple plans to get to New York by plane
as it saves time and they decide to get around
the city by subway to hitting all the major hot
spots.
On the day of their flight, they arrive to the
airport, check in their bags, and go through
security. They are walking through the
terminal sipping their coffee when they see a
giant Air Canada booth. Curious, they decide
to walk towards the booth where they see a
giant sign that says “#ACLocals”. As they get
to the booth, they see all these quirky
messages and read through them, pointing
things out to each other.
Turns out they’re all about where they love to
go around the city. They notice the pen and
paper and decide to write about their favourite
place about Toronto. After boarding, they find
their seats and sit down, they find the same
paper in the compartment in front of them.
While they are on the plane to New York City,
they realize that it is going to be busy around
all the major attractions as other families plan
to visit for the holidays but they have always
wanted to go to New York City.
Tim and Jackie relax and interact with the
screen in front them. They notice a section
where it reads ‘#ACLocals’, they click on it
and it leads to another page that is filled with
pictures and captions about New York. They
discover all these new places that locals and
visitors have suggested for them and decide
to re-plan their trip, weaving these unheard of
places into their cliche New York trip.
At the end of the page, they enter their emails
to send their itinerary or download the app on
their phone.
Upon arrival, they go to one of the hot spots
that the local’s recommended for brunch.
They have an amazing meal and memorable
experience and feel they must write about it
on the way back.
THE COMMUNITY CENTRE
Loblaws wants to exceed the consumer’s expectations and for them to live life well.
They want to make a positive difference in their community by sourcing with integrity
and respecting the environment.
• Stores located all across Canada
• One of the biggest retailers in Canada
• Known for high quality food
• Luxurious ambiance - warm lighting
and hues
• Unique ‘Natural Imperfect’ program:
oddly shaped produce being sold to
consumers for a lower price
• Range of services (cooking classes,
gym, hot food)
• Strong brand identity
• Innovative experiences and pay
attention to customers
• Convenient locations
• Family friendly
STRENGTHS
• Perceived as premium price - expensive
• Same product, higher price than
other stores
• Only available in Canada, although
they’re a huge company and are
discussin expansion.
WEAKNESSES
• Farmer’s markets
• Further enhancing the grocery experience
• Expand their services
• Introducing more sustainable packaging
OPPORTUNITIES
=
SYMMUNICATION
+
• Hosting Community barbecues to
fundraise
• “Ubereats” concept using Loblaws
produce/hot meals
• Recipes in store, ‘what do you want
to eat today?’
• Being transparent about their
food waste
• Transparent with their hot food
• How are they ethically raising and
treating their meat?
• Positive advertising for ugly food,
showing that they don‘t waste
• “Mama’s Food” - Homemade
recipes
• Recipe stall featuring real recipes
from real people - buy the products
from Loblaws
• Other grocery stores (Whole Foods, Longo’s)
• Increasing prices in the economy
• Increase regulation on foods
THREATS
Introducing
Symmunication + Loblaws
NATURALLY IMPERFECT:
MEAL KITS
A collaboration between Loblaws Naturally Imperfect program with am-
bassadors that are chosen locally to share their recipes with the Loblaws’
consumers. This allows consumers to be aware of produce that are “ugly”
and integrating the community to create a positive consumption.
What might the products be?
• Lower-priced kits that include deformed produce. Kits are used to make Mama
Home recipes posted by real people
• Apps, Kiosk or Stand, Packaging
• Students
• Low-middle income families
• Sustainable oriented people
• Anyone who wants to learn new recipes
• People who want to cook efficiently
What markets might they serve?
• High value of lower cost food being from a store viewed as offering
premium food
• Ready and easy meals
• Creating a sense of community
How can the identified
trends help them deliver
more benefits to their users?
How compelling is your case to
management?
• Presents Loblaws as a brand that is conscious about being wasteful of food by
promoting imperfect food - possibility of including near expiry foods
• Form of advertising - producing a platform for people to share how they use
Loblaws products
• Attracting those that avoid Loblaws because of its premium prices
• Extend the potential of programs that are already in place
What elements of your
opportunity can be made now?
• “Naturally Imperfect” program already exists
• Designing the system
• Advertising the platform - instructionals
• QR codes, YouTube
• Designing packaging for Meal Kits
• Deciding workflow for how the Meal Kits are prepared
• Service: Organization of videos, UX/UI design, interaction design
• Product: Meal Kit packages, content, advertising, kiosk
What market shape might
they take?
Meet Charlie.
He is a recent graduate and has moved
across the country to pursue his career.
Charlie’s parents are extremely
supportive and helped him move but
had to go back to their own hometown
as that is where his siblings currently
live.
A few weeks later, he realizes that he is
extremely homesick and misses his
mother’s cooking. He decides to go his
local grocery store to purchase
groceries to replicate it.
As he walks through the produce aisle,
he stumbles upon a kiosk with an iPad.
He goes up to the device and notices a
bunch of pre-packaged bundles. He
swipes through the iPad and sees a list
of recipes and learns more about the
Loblaws “Naturally Imperfect” initiative.
Charlie selects a recipe similar to one of
his mom’s. A video of a middle-aged
lady play, she explains the ingredients
of Kit #2 and starts cooking it.
He feels an emotional connection and
decides to purchase Kit #2 for himself.
He learns that you can scan the QR
code and retrieve the recipe on his
smart phone.
Charlie gets home and prepares the
meal. Everything in the food-kit is
packaged to perfect portions and
although some of the produce is oddly
shaped, it is fresh. He reminisces home
as he eats the meal.
Lululemon Athletica, Air Canada and Loblaws: three major Canadian
companies that are striving leaders in their respective sectors. Through our
research, it is evident that they can all benefit significantly from the trends identified.
Lululemon Athletica can empower its healthy lifestyle from day to night through
Health-Aid.
Air Canada can benefit from Custo“me”cation to allow their customers to enhance
their travelling experience through an exclusive and authentic itinerary.
And lastly, Loblaws is using Symmunication to promote a positive message behind
their produce to make an impact in the community by using local ambassadors to
create genuine meals.
The three companies can increase their provision of meaningful consumption by
utilizing these trends to help users gain more value out of life motivated by focusing
on ethics and emotions.
TO CONCLUDE
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<https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/235664>.
"Why Buy Local?" — Sustainable Connections. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept.
2016. <http://sustainableconnections.org/thinklocal/why/>.
Mealey, Lorri. "Why Local Food Trends Matter to Restaurants." The
Balance. N.p., 11 Apr. 2016. Web. 27 Sept. 2016.
https://www.thebalance.com/local-food-trends-for-restaurants-2888604
"Student Tours | EF Educational Tours." Student Tours | EF Educational
Tours. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2016.
<http://www.eftours.com/student-tours/going-on-tour>.
Watson, Elwood D. "Younger Consumers Are Trending Toward More
Health-Conscious Eating." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com,
n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2016.
<http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elwood-d-watson/younger-consumers-ar
e-tre_b_6632166.html>.
Walsh, Shelby. "Five Trends That Will Change Consumer Behaviour in
2016."The Globe and Mail. N.p., 08 Jan. 2016. Web. 27 Sept. 2016.
<http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/small-business/sb-
growth/five-trends-that-will-change-consumer-behaviour-in-2016/article28
019355/>.
"About." Frank Body. N.p., 2016. Web. 27 Sept. 2016.
<http://ca.frankbody.com/pages/about>.

Presence for Lululemon Athletica

  • 1.
    Clara Wu Simran Dadlani DomenicViolante MEANINGFUL CONSUMPTION part one: trend forecasting + opportunities
  • 2.
    TABLE OF CONTENTS Whatis Meaningful Consumption?................... Trend Forecasting: Notable Trends.................4 Trend Forecasting: Selected Trends................6 Health-Aid........................................................................7 Definition..............................................................................8 Signals.................................................................................9 Questions...........................................................................10 Implications........................................................................13 Custo“me”cation............................................................14 Definition............................................................................15 Signals...............................................................................16 Questions...........................................................................17 Implications........................................................................20 Symmunication..............................................................21 Definition............................................................................22 Signals...............................................................................23 Questions...........................................................................24 Implications........................................................................27 Summary........................................................28 Next Steps......................................................29 Chosen Frameworks........................................30 Lululemon Athletica..........................................32 Description......................................................................33 SWOT Analysis................................................................36 Health-Aid & Lululemon Athletica: Inital Concept...........41 Questions...........................................................................43 Persona..............................................................................49 Air Canada.......................................................51 Description................................................................................52 SWOT Analysis.........................................................................55 Custo“me”cation & Air Canada: Inital Concept.................60 Questions...........................................................................62 Persona..............................................................................68 Loblaws............................................................70 Description................................................................................71 SWOT Analysis.........................................................................72 Symmunication & Loblaws: Inital Concept......................77 Questions.............................................................................79 Persona................................................................................85 Conclusion.......................................................87 Bibliography.....................................................89
  • 3.
    WHAT IS MEANINGFUL CONSUMPTION? Utilizinga resource to make yourself or others gain more value out of life by allowing ethics and emotions to influence your decisions.
  • 4.
  • 5.
    LOCAL TRADE Supporting theirown economy by shop- ping locally to encourage the communities’ prosperity and reduce their ecological footprint. INTERCONNECTIVITY A purposeful interaction taking place in real time with other beings through technology to facilitate connection. TOTAL TRANSPARENCY Consumers want to contribute to brands that go beyond the product to create positive impact as brands now contribute towards their personal identity. UTILITECH Smart technology that gathers personal and useful information to gain self-achievement. CUSTOM”ME”ZATION Products where decisions are made by the consumer and as a result hold sentimental value. SENTIMOTIONAL The user is driven by their memory and emotion with the objective of reliving the past. SKILLSHOP Wanting to advance your skillset be it for work or passion to move closer to self-actualization. HEALTH-CONSCIOUS People are becoming more conscious about what they put in their bodies. EMPERTISING Involving consumers in marketing by emphasizing their relationship with the product or service. TOURCATION Travellers want to get educated through the authentic side of places rather than landmarks to experience the true culture.
  • 6.
  • 7.
    HEALTH-AID Local Trade +Health Conscious
  • 8.
    People are becomingmore concerned about the food they consume and are now looking to buy local and organic to ensure the freshest and most ecological way to stay healthy and aware.
  • 9.
    • Juice Bars •Farmer’s Markets, Co-op’s • BUNZ Trading Zone • ‘Artisan’ menus: hand-crafted, typically in smaller batches and made with high quality ingredients. • MEC • Urban Farming - in condos • Restaurants and Supermarkets labelling local produce • Sales of Organic and natural grown products products have enjoyed a 24 and 28 percent increase over the past year SIGNALS
  • 10.
    • Shifting theeconomy of franchised grocery stores. • The enthusiasm presented by consumers has led suppli- ers, grocers and restaurants to change and adapt by adding locally produced goods to their offerings year-round. • Restaurants are also subject to the trend - some even growing herbs and vegetables on site. • Hyper-local foods, which refers to food grown in house, such as restaurant gardens. Where is it occuring?
  • 11.
    • Fresher, healthier,tastier and easier on the environment than the shipped equivalents profound influence (chosen for their high yield and durability) on the nation’s food systems. • “Interest in local food is largely driven by concerns about food quality, health and nutrition, food safety, local economies and farmers, and the environment.” (Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food pg8) • “Along with fuelling consumer support for local food, the po- tential health benefits of local food have motivated governments and non-governmental organizations to promote it.” (Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food pg8) • “...beyond just buying fresh fruits and vegetables from local farms; now they are purchasing local beef, seafood, and even beer and wine.” - The Balance Why is it happening?
  • 12.
    How prevelant isit? • It could change the future of farming - urban farming • Ryerson Urban Farm engages college-age students from food growing to food marketing • Seeping its way through the education system • Healthy food programs at school + healthy vending machines
  • 13.
    • We arenow looking beyond the product, curious to know where our food is from, how it got here, how it was grown/made. • Meaningful to consumers as they are now motivated to prolong their life and care for their body, motivating them to be more proactive in other areas such as exercise. This leads consumers to what they feel is a ‘fuller’ life that respects our planet and their body. • Local food systems can create economic benefits such as farmer’s markets, farm stands, community-supported agriculture programs, and agri-tourism activities. (Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food pg11) IMPLICATIONS
  • 14.
  • 15.
    By using subjectiveinternet resources to plan out their trips, travellers are able to tour the unfamiliar areas of a country with the hope of uncovering an authentic cultural experience.
  • 16.
    • YouTube Vlogs •360º Videos • Anywhere.com • Airbnb • EF Tours, S-Trips • Live Translation: Pilot Earbuds, Google Translate • Google Maps • Snapchat Geo-filter SIGNALS
  • 17.
    • Tourists preparingfor their trip - no longer resorting solely to landmarks/classics • Disruption in Hotel Industry with Airbnb • Even followed by locals who want to understand their home better Where is it occuring?
  • 18.
    • Learning experiencethrough travelling to obtain knowledge. • People learn about hotspots through social media. (Instagram) • Financially motivated - not wanting to get ripped off. Want to support local businesses too • People can ‘experience’ famous landmarks through textbooks or online so it is no longer a priority when having a limited amount of time Why is it happening?
  • 19.
    • Changing theway people learn about that world • Real experience > learning from books • People interested to see how cultures have blended rather than pure history How prevelant is it?
  • 20.
    • Tailoring theway you learn about the world and its cultures to your interests through authentic experiences. • Creating a society that is curious to try new things. • Craving an exclusive experience that is irreplaceable and your own. IMPLICATIONS
  • 21.
  • 22.
    The division betweenconsumers and brands is now blurring as “people” are now the ambassadors of a company rather than celebrities to show the authenticity of the brand, in the hopes of mutually reaching their aspirations while making the brand more relatable.
  • 23.
    • Andy Pandy •Frank Body • Tesla + Elon Musk • Silent Gold Pet Food • Betabrand - Crowdfunding Clothing Company • Burberry - Art of the Trench • Emphasis on the experience consumers may have SIGNALS
  • 24.
    • Instagram postssharing users’ experience • Cosmetic industry - different methods of application, feedback • Online brands and shopping • Food industry (Wendy’s, McDonald’s) Where is it occuring?
  • 25.
    Why is ithappening? • Empowers the consumer to take control of their buying decisions • Companies are playing more into people’s lifestyles, where the brands you support begin to define who you are • Tells consumers they have nothing to hide while sending the message that they care about the needs and wants of their customers • Consumers want to understand exactly what they are buying and all the value it can provide
  • 26.
    How prevelant isit? • Important for consumers to know the other side of the brand - interested in the other areas of the company
  • 27.
    • When buyersmake purchases, they want to know their decisions are good for their family and align with personal or charitable interests IMPLICATIONS
  • 28.
    People are becomingmore concerned about the food they consume and are now looking to buy local and organic to ensure the freshest and most ecological way to stay healthy and aware. HEALTH-AID By using subjective internet resources to plan out their trip, travellers are able to tour the unfamiliar areas of a country with the hope of uncovering an authentic cultural experience. CUSTOM“ME”CATION The division between consumers and brands is now blurring as “people” are now the ambassadors of a company rather than celebrities to show the authenticity of the brand, in the hopes of mutually reaching their aspirations while making the brand more relatable. SYMMUNICATION THE THREE TRENDS
  • 29.
    next steps CONCEPTUALIZING OPPORTUNITIES Moving forwardwith a firm understanding of the theme of ‘meaningful consumption’ and three current trends, we shall be pairing the trends with brands which we forsee potential to enhance, expand or redefine their strategy.
  • 30.
    SWOT ANALYSIS A frameworkthat will allow us to identify a brand’s strengths and how to create opportunities for them. In addition to how our trend can feed into these opportunities. By recognizing the brand’s weaknesses and external threats we can conceptualize our opportunity with the hope of overcoming their challenges and creating space for new forces.
  • 31.
  • 33.
    Lululemon is curiousat the core, they are constantly thinking about innovation and social impact. Their ambition is to elevate our world from mediocrity to one that is great. MARRIAGE OF SCIENCE + FASHION
  • 34.
    “do not usecleaning chemicals on your kitchen surfaces. someone will inevitably make a sandwich on your counter” THE ODD BIT OF THEIR MANIFESTO
  • 35.
    “do not usecleaning chemicals on your kitchen surfaces. someone will inevitably make a sandwich on your counter” do not poison the earth that you will eventually live on be conscious about what you’re consuming be natural do things with intention THE ODD BIT OF THEIR MANIFESTO
  • 36.
    • We arenow looking beyond the product, curious to know where our food is from, how it got here, how it was grown/made. • Meaningful to consumers as they are now motivated to prolong their life and care for their body, motivating them to be more proactive in other areas such as exercise. This leads consumers to what they feel is a ‘fuller’ life that respects our planet and their body. • Local food systems can create economic benefits such as farmer’s markets, farm stands, community-supported agriculture programs, and agri-tourism activities. (Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food pg11) STRENGTHS
  • 37.
    • Expensive (middle-highclass customers) • Hard to expand to a larger audience because of high prices • Macro-forces of economy making consumers more price conscious • Perceived soley as a women's brand • Menswear only makes up of 16% of sales • Strive towards women in their market WEAKNESSES
  • 38.
    • Their goalis to reach 25% of sales for men • Expand towards a market with lower price points (students, internationally) • Product expansion OPPORTUNITIES
  • 39.
    • Tapping intowearable tech or tech integrated clothing (monitor heart beat and calorie burns) • Working with healthy stores • Offering detox products/lifestyle • Creating a more holistic lifestyle brand • Encouraging being in the outdoors, providing picnic packs • Moving Lululemon from a day brand to a day and night brand • Social Justice campaign - ‘men in the kitchen’ cooking healthy foods that aligns with their brand HEALTH-AID + =
  • 40.
    THREATS • Competition • Peoplecopying their patterns and sleek design • More brands that cater for men (Nike, Under Armour) • Been around longer
  • 41.
    Introducing Health Aid +Lululemon Athletica LULULIVING
  • 42.
    Lululiving is mixinghealthy living with partying by hosting regular events that encourage nutritional consumption which helps the mind stay aware of what we consume.
  • 43.
    • Advertising campaign •Merchandise • Healthy foods / drinks • Handing out recipes • Collaborations with firms holding similar values and wanting to motivate their workers • A big party! What might the products be?
  • 44.
    • Students • Low-middleincome families • Sustainable oriented people • Anyone who wants to learn new recipes • People who want to cook efficiently What markets might they serve?
  • 45.
    • Encourage healthyactive living through a meaningful and attractive way, partying. • Showing that healthy living is fun, easy and possible in all areas of life • Socializing with people with similar interests • Networking for personal and business agendas How can the identified trends help them deliver more benefits to their users?
  • 46.
    How compelling isyour case to management? • Presents Loblaws as a brand that is conscious about being wasteful of food by promoting imperfect food - possibility of including near expiry foods • Form of advertising - producing a platform for people to share how they use Loblaws products • Attracting those that avoid Loblaws because of its premium prices • Extend the potential of programs that are already in place
  • 47.
    What elements ofyour opportunity can be made now? • Feasible within this year • Lululemon already shown interest in food industry with inclusion of smoothie bars and cafes in certain flagship stores
  • 48.
    • Product: healthysmoothie recipes, energizing shots, fresh fruits • Service: socializing event, collaboration with companies What market shape might they take?
  • 49.
  • 50.
    A young businessstudent at the University of Toronto who is eager to be more involved in his local community as he is from the suburbs. He wants to explore the area around him and meet new people. Alongside school, he works hard at a job trying to save for his spending allowance. You see, Jeremy’s been trying to get fitter, but with all his school work and the part-time job, where is the time? After work at 6, he’s fried. He read online that meditating can cope with his stress on his mind. A Lululemon ad recently appeared on his Instagram feed which struck some curiosity as to what they were and why it showed up on his feed? Jeremy quickly realizes that it was because he was looking into yoga as a way to relax. He clicks on the sponsored ad and it leads him to an event page about Lululiving. Jeremy scrolls down and plays a video on the page. The video is playing the Radio’s top 10’s hottest playlist and a bunch of people are in their fitness gear having fun while drinking vibrant smoothies. He notices that the environment is dark but the people are smiling and jumping with joy. The video ends with the words “Join Now!” and Jeremy is eager to see what this event is about. He learns that LuluLiving is a party event that runs on Friday nights with a local DJ. Lululemon serves them fresh smoothies and fruits with energy ginger shots. He’s thinking it might be a the perfect opportunity to network and socialize for his future career. Being excited about this event, Jeremy enters his info and is thrilled to go.The next day, he makes sure to tell all his peers and co-workers about Lululiving.
  • 52.
    EXPERIENCE TRAVEL Air Canadawants to connect Canada to the World while building loyalty with their customers through passion and innovation. They realize that traveling is more than just about the destination but instead, the personal experience that you have there and on the way there. “Your world awaits.”
  • 55.
    • One ofthe dominating airlines • Loyalty Programs in place - Aero- plan Card • Innovative in Technology • Strong branding, showing their un- derstanding that travel is an experi- ence. • Caters to a large population (a range from upper to middle class income) • Long list of flight routes • International, transborder, domestics STRENGTHS
  • 56.
    • High fixedcosts • Bad public media reputation • Perceived as disorganized and having poor customer service • No sustainable initiatives • Not understood as personal WEAKNESSES
  • 57.
    • Make themfeel more exclusive, more at home despite being in the air • Life on the plane: A stressless journey • Making the flight a more significant part of your travels OPPORTUNITIES
  • 58.
    CUSTO”ME”CATION + = • More holisticexperience • More than just flying but rather travelling • Planning your vacation while on the go • More meaningful travel loyalty program - personalized your savings
  • 59.
    THREATS • Other airlines •Canadian Airlines - West Jet • Budget Airlines • Fuel costs • Economy • Currency and bad economy causes users to not want to fly
  • 60.
    Introducing Custom “me” cation+ Air Canada #ACLOCALS Introducing Custom “me” cation + Air Canada #ACLIVING
  • 61.
    A new programwhere people can tailor their travel experiences through locals’ suggestions to taste it's true authenticity and culture, enabling them to get an exclusive itinerary.
  • 62.
    What might theproducts be? • Booths spotted around Airport for participation • Forms on-flight • UI/UX for On-flight entertainment screen • Advertising Campaign • Social media ("use our hashtag #ACLocals to feature your favourite place in your city!" Using instagram to show locality)
  • 63.
    • Adventurers • YoungTravellers • Business People • May have spent less time thinking about the experience they may have e.g restaurants to go to. Have time to kill between meetings and now do not have to go searching for what to do - embracing their time there. What markets might they serve?
  • 64.
    • Help touristsfind local areas • Makes them feel like home rather than a tourist • Curating their own experience from what they’ve researched and now personal experiences, thanks to AC. • Supporting local businesses • Learning true culture over commercial culture • Exclusive experience How can the identified trends help them deliver more benefits to their users?
  • 65.
    How compelling isyour case to management? • The brand is already on the right track, showing that AC has recognized travel is an experience therefore much more than just getting from point A to point B. However, this is not reflected in the service they provide. • Embrace the full potential of their branding strategy/identity • “Tourists carry maps, travellers carry curiosity” • Relaxed vacation of new experiences rather than famous skyscrapers and museums
  • 66.
    What elements ofyour opportunity can be made now? • Needs to design the program and get people to participate through advertising campaigns and instructions on how to be involved • May partner with local companies/bloggers etc.
  • 67.
    • Service: Anew way of planning your trip in the air through interaction with customers • Product: Booth, forms, print What market shape might they take?
  • 68.
  • 69.
    They are intheir mid twenties and they both currently work at a public high school. It is winter break and they plan to head to New York City for a short romantic getaway. The couple plans to get to New York by plane as it saves time and they decide to get around the city by subway to hitting all the major hot spots. On the day of their flight, they arrive to the airport, check in their bags, and go through security. They are walking through the terminal sipping their coffee when they see a giant Air Canada booth. Curious, they decide to walk towards the booth where they see a giant sign that says “#ACLocals”. As they get to the booth, they see all these quirky messages and read through them, pointing things out to each other. Turns out they’re all about where they love to go around the city. They notice the pen and paper and decide to write about their favourite place about Toronto. After boarding, they find their seats and sit down, they find the same paper in the compartment in front of them. While they are on the plane to New York City, they realize that it is going to be busy around all the major attractions as other families plan to visit for the holidays but they have always wanted to go to New York City. Tim and Jackie relax and interact with the screen in front them. They notice a section where it reads ‘#ACLocals’, they click on it and it leads to another page that is filled with pictures and captions about New York. They discover all these new places that locals and visitors have suggested for them and decide to re-plan their trip, weaving these unheard of places into their cliche New York trip. At the end of the page, they enter their emails to send their itinerary or download the app on their phone. Upon arrival, they go to one of the hot spots that the local’s recommended for brunch. They have an amazing meal and memorable experience and feel they must write about it on the way back.
  • 71.
    THE COMMUNITY CENTRE Loblawswants to exceed the consumer’s expectations and for them to live life well. They want to make a positive difference in their community by sourcing with integrity and respecting the environment.
  • 72.
    • Stores locatedall across Canada • One of the biggest retailers in Canada • Known for high quality food • Luxurious ambiance - warm lighting and hues • Unique ‘Natural Imperfect’ program: oddly shaped produce being sold to consumers for a lower price • Range of services (cooking classes, gym, hot food) • Strong brand identity • Innovative experiences and pay attention to customers • Convenient locations • Family friendly STRENGTHS
  • 73.
    • Perceived aspremium price - expensive • Same product, higher price than other stores • Only available in Canada, although they’re a huge company and are discussin expansion. WEAKNESSES
  • 74.
    • Farmer’s markets •Further enhancing the grocery experience • Expand their services • Introducing more sustainable packaging OPPORTUNITIES
  • 75.
    = SYMMUNICATION + • Hosting Communitybarbecues to fundraise • “Ubereats” concept using Loblaws produce/hot meals • Recipes in store, ‘what do you want to eat today?’ • Being transparent about their food waste • Transparent with their hot food • How are they ethically raising and treating their meat? • Positive advertising for ugly food, showing that they don‘t waste • “Mama’s Food” - Homemade recipes • Recipe stall featuring real recipes from real people - buy the products from Loblaws
  • 76.
    • Other grocerystores (Whole Foods, Longo’s) • Increasing prices in the economy • Increase regulation on foods THREATS
  • 77.
  • 78.
    A collaboration betweenLoblaws Naturally Imperfect program with am- bassadors that are chosen locally to share their recipes with the Loblaws’ consumers. This allows consumers to be aware of produce that are “ugly” and integrating the community to create a positive consumption.
  • 79.
    What might theproducts be? • Lower-priced kits that include deformed produce. Kits are used to make Mama Home recipes posted by real people • Apps, Kiosk or Stand, Packaging
  • 80.
    • Students • Low-middleincome families • Sustainable oriented people • Anyone who wants to learn new recipes • People who want to cook efficiently What markets might they serve?
  • 81.
    • High valueof lower cost food being from a store viewed as offering premium food • Ready and easy meals • Creating a sense of community How can the identified trends help them deliver more benefits to their users?
  • 82.
    How compelling isyour case to management? • Presents Loblaws as a brand that is conscious about being wasteful of food by promoting imperfect food - possibility of including near expiry foods • Form of advertising - producing a platform for people to share how they use Loblaws products • Attracting those that avoid Loblaws because of its premium prices • Extend the potential of programs that are already in place
  • 83.
    What elements ofyour opportunity can be made now? • “Naturally Imperfect” program already exists • Designing the system • Advertising the platform - instructionals • QR codes, YouTube • Designing packaging for Meal Kits • Deciding workflow for how the Meal Kits are prepared
  • 84.
    • Service: Organizationof videos, UX/UI design, interaction design • Product: Meal Kit packages, content, advertising, kiosk What market shape might they take?
  • 85.
  • 86.
    He is arecent graduate and has moved across the country to pursue his career. Charlie’s parents are extremely supportive and helped him move but had to go back to their own hometown as that is where his siblings currently live. A few weeks later, he realizes that he is extremely homesick and misses his mother’s cooking. He decides to go his local grocery store to purchase groceries to replicate it. As he walks through the produce aisle, he stumbles upon a kiosk with an iPad. He goes up to the device and notices a bunch of pre-packaged bundles. He swipes through the iPad and sees a list of recipes and learns more about the Loblaws “Naturally Imperfect” initiative. Charlie selects a recipe similar to one of his mom’s. A video of a middle-aged lady play, she explains the ingredients of Kit #2 and starts cooking it. He feels an emotional connection and decides to purchase Kit #2 for himself. He learns that you can scan the QR code and retrieve the recipe on his smart phone. Charlie gets home and prepares the meal. Everything in the food-kit is packaged to perfect portions and although some of the produce is oddly shaped, it is fresh. He reminisces home as he eats the meal.
  • 87.
    Lululemon Athletica, AirCanada and Loblaws: three major Canadian companies that are striving leaders in their respective sectors. Through our research, it is evident that they can all benefit significantly from the trends identified. Lululemon Athletica can empower its healthy lifestyle from day to night through Health-Aid. Air Canada can benefit from Custo“me”cation to allow their customers to enhance their travelling experience through an exclusive and authentic itinerary. And lastly, Loblaws is using Symmunication to promote a positive message behind their produce to make an impact in the community by using local ambassadors to create genuine meals. The three companies can increase their provision of meaningful consumption by utilizing these trends to help users gain more value out of life motivated by focusing on ethics and emotions. TO CONCLUDE
  • 89.
    BIBILIOGRAPHY "2016 TREND: RETAILWITH MEANINGFUL CONSUMER CONNECTIONS."NACS. N.p., 29 Dec. 2015. Web. 27 Sept. 2016.<http://www.nacsonline.com/Media/Daily/Pages/ND1229152.aspx#. V_Qn6ZMrJ3l>. Caldbeck, Ryan. "25 Innovative Consumer And Retail Brands For 2015."Forbes. N.p., 09 Aug. 2015. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. <http://www.forbes.com/sites/ryancaldbeck/2015/08/09/25-most-innovativ e-consumer-and-retail-brands-for-2015/#134dc20a14ff> Media, Havas. "Insights." Meaningful Brands Powered by Havas. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. <http://www.meaningful-brands.com/insights%20>. "History." Loblaw Companies Limited. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2016. <http://www.loblaw.ca/en/about-us/history.html>. "Canada's Retail Companies on the Top Global Powers of Retailing List." The Balance. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2016. <https://www.thebalance.com/biggest-canadian-retail-chains-2892266>. "Connect from the Sky with Gogo® Wi-Fi." Aircanada.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2016. <https://www.aircanada.com/en/offers/air/wifi_sep09/wifi_sep09.html>. "MAKE YOUR MILES COUNT." Aircanada.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2016. <https://www.aircanada.com/en/aeroplan/>. Smith, Nelson. "3 Reasons Investors Should Prefer WestJet Airlines Ltd. Over Air Canada." The Motley Fool Canada. N.p., 25 Oct. 2016. Web. 27 Oct. 2016. <http://www.fool.ca/2016/10/25/3-reasons-investors-should-prefer-westjet -airlines-ltd-over-air-canada/>. Fitzgerald, Kelly. "Lululemon's Hypocritical Stance On Beer." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2016. <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kelly-fitzgerald/lululemons-hypocritical-s_ b_11388636.html>. "@lululemon." Instagram. N.p., 15 July 2016. Web. 01 Nov. 2016. https://www.instagram.com/p/BHzzxNHBtsG/?taken-by=lululemon "@lululemonmen." Instagram. N.p., 13 July 2016. Web. 01 Nov. 2016. https://www.instagram.com/p/BHzzzo5DUaQ/?taken-by=lululemonmen Edge, Jessica. Cultivating Opportunities: Canada’s Growing Appetite for Local Food (n.d.): n. pag. Aug. 2013. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. "Cooking up a Strong 'buy Local' Strategy." Cooking up a Strong 'buy Local' Strategy. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. www.the-cma.org/about/blog/cooking-up-a-strong-buy-local-strateg "TUG Tours for Food Secure Canada." Toronto Urban Growers. N.p., 30 Sept. 2016. Web. 1 Oct. 2016. http://torontourbangrowers.org/news/tug-tours-for-food-secure-canada Franken, Mat. "How Brand Transparency Builds Enduring Relationships With Customers." Entrepreneur. N.p., 23 July 2014. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. <https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/235664>. "Why Buy Local?" — Sustainable Connections. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. <http://sustainableconnections.org/thinklocal/why/>. Mealey, Lorri. "Why Local Food Trends Matter to Restaurants." The Balance. N.p., 11 Apr. 2016. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. https://www.thebalance.com/local-food-trends-for-restaurants-2888604 "Student Tours | EF Educational Tours." Student Tours | EF Educational Tours. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. <http://www.eftours.com/student-tours/going-on-tour>. Watson, Elwood D. "Younger Consumers Are Trending Toward More Health-Conscious Eating." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elwood-d-watson/younger-consumers-ar e-tre_b_6632166.html>. Walsh, Shelby. "Five Trends That Will Change Consumer Behaviour in 2016."The Globe and Mail. N.p., 08 Jan. 2016. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. <http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/small-business/sb- growth/five-trends-that-will-change-consumer-behaviour-in-2016/article28 019355/>. "About." Frank Body. N.p., 2016. Web. 27 Sept. 2016. <http://ca.frankbody.com/pages/about>.