This document summarizes research on health insurance coverage disparities faced by same-sex couples in the United States. The research finds that men and women in same-sex relationships are less likely to have employer-sponsored health insurance nationally compared to married opposite-sex couples. The largest gaps are found in the South for men and Midwest for women. Living in a state that recognizes same-sex relationships through marriage, civil unions, or domestic partnerships is associated with higher employer-sponsored insurance rates for women in same-sex relationships. The document concludes by discussing policy options like requiring coverage of same-sex spouses by employers and repealing laws that create barriers to coverage.