precardium.pptx
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The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It is located in the middle mediastinum and extends from the 2nd to 6th costal cartilages and 5th to 8th thoracic vertebrae. The pericardium is formed of two layers: the fibrous pericardium which is a fibrous sac attached to the diaphragm, and the serous pericardium which forms a closed sac lining the fibrous pericardium and covering the heart. The pericardium receives its blood supply from various arteries and drains into veins, and is innervated by phrenic nerves.
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Anatomy of Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It has two layers - an outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium further divides into the parietal pericardium fused to the fibrous layer and the visceral pericardium lining the fibrous layer and covering the heart. Between these layers is the pericardial cavity lubricated with fluid. The pericardium supports and protects the heart, and its layers are supplied by nerves and blood vessels.
pericardium.pptx
The pericardium is a fibro-serous sac that surrounds the heart and restricts its movement. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer that maintains the heart's position and an inner serous layer with parietal and visceral layers separated by pericardial fluid. The pericardium protects the heart and provides lubrication as the heart beats within its sac. It has reflections around the major blood vessels leaving the heart and contains openings that allow for blood vessel passage.
MEDISTINUM and The HEART.pptx1111111111111111111
The document discusses the mediastinum and structures contained within it, including the heart. It provides details on the different compartments of the mediastinum (superior, anterior, middle, posterior), and structures found in each. It describes the pericardium and heart in detail. The pericardium surrounds and protects the heart. It has fibrous and serous layers. Conditions like pericarditis and pericardial effusion are discussed. The heart is located in the middle mediastinum and has an apex pointing left and downward and a base facing posteriorly.
Anatomy of heart presentation
The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the middle mediastinum. It has four chambers - right and left atria and right and left ventricles. The heart is surrounded by membranes including the pericardium, myocardium and endocardium. Blood flows from the right atrium to right ventricle through the tricuspid valve, then to the lungs through the pulmonary semilunar valve. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium through pulmonary veins and flows to the left ventricle through the mitral valve and out the aortic semilunar valve to the rest of the body. The heart receives its blood supply from the left and right coronary arteries.
The Heart And Great Vessels
The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the heart and surrounding structures. It describes the location of the heart in the chest and its internal and external structures. These include the four chambers of the heart (right and left atria and ventricles), major blood vessels (veins and arteries), surrounding membranes (pericardium), and other anatomical details.
Pericardium
The document discusses the anatomy and functions of the pericardium. It notes that the pericardium has two layers - an outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium further divides into the parietal and visceral layers, with the potential space between making up the pericardial cavity. The pericardium surrounds and protects the heart, and the pericardial fluid reduces friction during heart contractions. Clinical conditions involving the pericardium include pericarditis, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and pericardiocentesis to drain fluid.
Chest Cavity
The chest cavity contains the lungs, heart, major blood vessels, and other structures. It is bounded by the ribs, sternum, vertebral column, and diaphragm. The chest cavity is further divided into the pleural cavities and mediastinum. The mediastinum is the median partition between the lungs and contains the esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major blood vessels. Each lung is surrounded by a pleural membrane made of visceral and parietal layers that create a pleural cavity containing fluid.
Blood supply of brain & spinal cord
The document summarizes the arterial blood supply and venous drainage of the brain and spinal cord. It describes the two main arterial systems - the internal carotid and vertebral arteries - and how they anastomose to form the Circle of Willis. It details the branches and territories supplied by the major cerebral and spinal arteries. It also outlines the internal and external cerebral veins that drain the brain into the dural venous sinuses, and the internal and external vertebral venous plexuses that drain the spinal cord.
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Anatomy of Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It has two layers - an outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium further divides into the parietal pericardium fused to the fibrous layer and the visceral pericardium lining the fibrous layer and covering the heart. Between these layers is the pericardial cavity lubricated with fluid. The pericardium supports and protects the heart, and its layers are supplied by nerves and blood vessels.
pericardium.pptx
The pericardium is a fibro-serous sac that surrounds the heart and restricts its movement. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer that maintains the heart's position and an inner serous layer with parietal and visceral layers separated by pericardial fluid. The pericardium protects the heart and provides lubrication as the heart beats within its sac. It has reflections around the major blood vessels leaving the heart and contains openings that allow for blood vessel passage.
MEDISTINUM and The HEART.pptx1111111111111111111
The document discusses the mediastinum and structures contained within it, including the heart. It provides details on the different compartments of the mediastinum (superior, anterior, middle, posterior), and structures found in each. It describes the pericardium and heart in detail. The pericardium surrounds and protects the heart. It has fibrous and serous layers. Conditions like pericarditis and pericardial effusion are discussed. The heart is located in the middle mediastinum and has an apex pointing left and downward and a base facing posteriorly.
Anatomy of heart presentation
The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the middle mediastinum. It has four chambers - right and left atria and right and left ventricles. The heart is surrounded by membranes including the pericardium, myocardium and endocardium. Blood flows from the right atrium to right ventricle through the tricuspid valve, then to the lungs through the pulmonary semilunar valve. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium through pulmonary veins and flows to the left ventricle through the mitral valve and out the aortic semilunar valve to the rest of the body. The heart receives its blood supply from the left and right coronary arteries.
The Heart And Great Vessels
The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the heart and surrounding structures. It describes the location of the heart in the chest and its internal and external structures. These include the four chambers of the heart (right and left atria and ventricles), major blood vessels (veins and arteries), surrounding membranes (pericardium), and other anatomical details.
Pericardium
The document discusses the anatomy and functions of the pericardium. It notes that the pericardium has two layers - an outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium further divides into the parietal and visceral layers, with the potential space between making up the pericardial cavity. The pericardium surrounds and protects the heart, and the pericardial fluid reduces friction during heart contractions. Clinical conditions involving the pericardium include pericarditis, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and pericardiocentesis to drain fluid.
Chest Cavity
The chest cavity contains the lungs, heart, major blood vessels, and other structures. It is bounded by the ribs, sternum, vertebral column, and diaphragm. The chest cavity is further divided into the pleural cavities and mediastinum. The mediastinum is the median partition between the lungs and contains the esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major blood vessels. Each lung is surrounded by a pleural membrane made of visceral and parietal layers that create a pleural cavity containing fluid.
Blood supply of brain & spinal cord
The document summarizes the arterial blood supply and venous drainage of the brain and spinal cord. It describes the two main arterial systems - the internal carotid and vertebral arteries - and how they anastomose to form the Circle of Willis. It details the branches and territories supplied by the major cerebral and spinal arteries. It also outlines the internal and external cerebral veins that drain the brain into the dural venous sinuses, and the internal and external vertebral venous plexuses that drain the spinal cord.
Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and anchors it within the thoracic cavity. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer and an inner serous layer. The pericardium functions to prevent overexpansion of the heart, limit its movement, and act as a shock absorber. It develops from two sources of mesoderm and receives its blood supply from multiple arteries. Inflammation of the pericardium is called pericarditis, which can be caused by infections, tuberculosis, or AIDS.
Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart. It has an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer. The serous layer forms a closed sac that contains the heart and major blood vessels. It prevents overexpansion of the heart and limits its movement while also acting as a shock absorber. Conditions like pericardial effusion and pericarditis can develop if excess fluid accumulates in the pericardial space or it becomes inflamed.
Circulatory system
The circulatory system document describes the structure and function of the heart and blood vessels. It notes that the heart has 4 chambers, is located in the chest cavity and has 3 layers (epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium). It describes the pathway of blood flow through the heart and lungs via the pulmonary and systemic circuits. It also summarizes the conduction system that regulates heart rate and the formation of blood cells in the bone marrow. Finally, it outlines the structure of arteries, veins and other blood vessels.
Pericardium and heart
The pericardium has two layers - the fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium. The fibrous pericardium is a dense connective tissue that protects the heart. The serous pericardium contains two layers that lubricate the heart and prevent friction. It also contains the pericardial cavity filled with fluid. Too much fluid in the cavity can cause compression of the heart.
Pericardium and heart
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that encloses the heart. It has two layers - an outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium further divides into parietal and visceral layers. The parietal layer lines the fibrous pericardium while the visceral layer is applied to the heart forming the epicardium. Between these layers is the pericardial cavity. The pericardium restricts heart movement and provides lubrication for smooth contraction.
The pericardium
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer. The serous layer further divides into the parietal layer lining the fibrous sac and visceral layer adhered to the heart. Between these layers is the pericardial cavity containing fluid. The pericardium functions to support and protect the heart while allowing movement. Conditions like pericarditis or excess fluid accumulation can lead to cardiac tamponade.
Cardiovascular System
The circulatory system contains the heart and blood vessels. The heart has four chambers and is located in the chest cavity. It pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood to the rest of the body through progressively narrowing and widening blood vessels. An electrical conduction system determines the heartbeat rhythm and rate. Blood contains fluid plasma and formed elements like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Arterial supply of brain
The document discusses the arterial supply of the brain. It describes the major arteries - the vertebral arteries, basilar artery, internal carotid arteries, anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery. These arteries form anastomoses around the circle of Willis at the base of the brain to provide a continuous blood supply to the brain through both the carotid and vertebral systems. Disruptions to this arterial network can impair blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain.
Cardiovascular system[1]
The cardiovascular system summary is as follows:
1. The heart is located in the chest behind the sternum and is about the size of a fist. It has four chambers - two atria for receiving blood and two ventricles for pumping blood out.
2. The pericardium is a sac that surrounds and protects the heart. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer and an inner serous layer that secretes fluid.
3. Blood enters the right atrium from the body and is pumped into the pulmonary artery to the lungs. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium and is pumped by the left ventricle through the aorta to the body.
Fascia of neck
The neck contains four compartments separated by fascial layers: visceral, vertebral, and two vascular compartments. The superficial cervical fascia lies just deep to the skin and contains cutaneous nerves, veins, lymph nodes, and the platysma muscle. Deeper is the deep cervical fascia, organized into layers including the investing layer surrounding the neck, pretracheal layer enclosing structures like the thyroid, and prevertebral layer surrounding the vertebral column. These fascial layers are important as they determine the spread of infection, which can extend between layers into dangerous spaces like the retropharyngeal space and mediastinum.
10. ANATOMY OF THE MEDIASTINUM MATERIAL.pptx
The mediastinum is the space within the thoracic cavity surrounded by the pleura and containing the heart, major blood vessels, esophagus, and other structures. It is divided into superior, anterior, middle, and posterior compartments by planes extending from the sternum to the spine. The superior mediastinum contains the thymus gland, great vessels, trachea and esophagus. The middle mediastinum contains the heart and pericardium. The posterior mediastinum contains the esophagus, thoracic duct and descending aorta. The mediastinum has clinical importance as it can be involved in infections, tumors and other pathologies.
Mediastinum
The mediastinum is the space within the thoracic cavity between the lungs, containing structures like the heart, great vessels, esophagus and thoracic duct. It is divided into superior and inferior mediastinum. The superior mediastinum contains the thymus gland, great vessels, nerves and trachea. The inferior mediastinum is further divided into anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum. The middle mediastinum contains the heart and great vessels while the posterior mediastinum contains the descending aorta, esophagus and thoracic duct. Important structures and their relations within the divisions of the mediastinum are described.
INTRODUCTION TO CVS PHYSIOLOGY-BSCN.pptx
This document provides an introduction to cardiovascular physiology, including the components and function of the circulatory system. It describes the anatomy of the heart, including the four chambers, valves, and circulation through the heart. It also discusses the coronary circulation which provides oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself. In summary, it introduces the key structures and functions of the cardiovascular system, with a focus on the anatomy and blood flow through the heart.
The pericardium and the pericardial sinuses
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and prevents overexpansion. It has an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer. The pericardium supports the heart, limits its movement, and acts as a shock absorber. Pericardial effusion or inflammation can occur from infection, cancer, or other causes. Effusion is treated by draining fluid while inflammation is treated with anti-inflammatory drugs or identifying the underlying cause. Complications like tamponade require draining fluid from the pericardial sac.
CVS/Anatomy of heart/ B.pharmacy 2 semester
The cardiovascular system is sometimes called the blood-vascular, or simply the circulatory system.
It consists of the heart, which is a muscular pumping device, and a closed system of vessels called arteries, veins, and capillaries.
The main function of the cardiovascular system is therefore to maintain blood flow to all parts of the body, to allow it to survive.
The arteries carry blood away from the heart; the veins carry it back to the heart.
Cardiovascular Anatomy.pptx
The document describes the anatomy and function of the heart and surrounding structures. It begins by introducing the pericardium, which has two layers that surround and protect the heart. The three layers of the heart wall are then described, with the myocardium being the thick middle layer responsible for pumping blood. The four chambers and valves of the heart are also outlined, explaining how blood flows from the right atrium to ventricle to lungs then left atrium to ventricle and out to the body in two separate circulation loops. Objectives of understanding heart structures and functions are also provided.
Cardiovascular Anatomy.pptx
The document describes the anatomy and function of the heart and surrounding structures. It begins by introducing the pericardium, which has two layers that surround and protect the heart. It then discusses the layers of the heart wall and the four chambers of the heart. The heart has four valves that ensure one-way blood flow. The right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives oxygenated blood and pumps it through the body. Contraction of the heart muscles efficiently circulates blood.
arterial supply of head and neck
contains arterial supply of head and neck, branches of each main artery, applied aspect of the arteries and ligation of the arteries.
Circulatory system
The circulatory system brings nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to tissues via two circuits: the cardiovascular system uses blood and the lymph vascular system uses lymph. The cardiovascular system consists of pulmonary and systemic circulation loops. The heart is the hollow muscular pump located in the chest that circulates blood through four chambers and two atria that receive blood and two ventricles that pump blood into the arteries. The lymph vascular system consists of a network of lymphatic capillaries and vessels that collect lymph from tissues and return it to the cardiovascular system.
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Similar to precardium.pptx
Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and anchors it within the thoracic cavity. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer and an inner serous layer. The pericardium functions to prevent overexpansion of the heart, limit its movement, and act as a shock absorber. It develops from two sources of mesoderm and receives its blood supply from multiple arteries. Inflammation of the pericardium is called pericarditis, which can be caused by infections, tuberculosis, or AIDS.
Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart. It has an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer. The serous layer forms a closed sac that contains the heart and major blood vessels. It prevents overexpansion of the heart and limits its movement while also acting as a shock absorber. Conditions like pericardial effusion and pericarditis can develop if excess fluid accumulates in the pericardial space or it becomes inflamed.
Circulatory system
The circulatory system document describes the structure and function of the heart and blood vessels. It notes that the heart has 4 chambers, is located in the chest cavity and has 3 layers (epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium). It describes the pathway of blood flow through the heart and lungs via the pulmonary and systemic circuits. It also summarizes the conduction system that regulates heart rate and the formation of blood cells in the bone marrow. Finally, it outlines the structure of arteries, veins and other blood vessels.
Pericardium and heart
The pericardium has two layers - the fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium. The fibrous pericardium is a dense connective tissue that protects the heart. The serous pericardium contains two layers that lubricate the heart and prevent friction. It also contains the pericardial cavity filled with fluid. Too much fluid in the cavity can cause compression of the heart.
Pericardium and heart
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that encloses the heart. It has two layers - an outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium further divides into parietal and visceral layers. The parietal layer lines the fibrous pericardium while the visceral layer is applied to the heart forming the epicardium. Between these layers is the pericardial cavity. The pericardium restricts heart movement and provides lubrication for smooth contraction.
The pericardium
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer. The serous layer further divides into the parietal layer lining the fibrous sac and visceral layer adhered to the heart. Between these layers is the pericardial cavity containing fluid. The pericardium functions to support and protect the heart while allowing movement. Conditions like pericarditis or excess fluid accumulation can lead to cardiac tamponade.
Cardiovascular System
The circulatory system contains the heart and blood vessels. The heart has four chambers and is located in the chest cavity. It pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood to the rest of the body through progressively narrowing and widening blood vessels. An electrical conduction system determines the heartbeat rhythm and rate. Blood contains fluid plasma and formed elements like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Arterial supply of brain
The document discusses the arterial supply of the brain. It describes the major arteries - the vertebral arteries, basilar artery, internal carotid arteries, anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery. These arteries form anastomoses around the circle of Willis at the base of the brain to provide a continuous blood supply to the brain through both the carotid and vertebral systems. Disruptions to this arterial network can impair blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain.
Cardiovascular system[1]
The cardiovascular system summary is as follows:
1. The heart is located in the chest behind the sternum and is about the size of a fist. It has four chambers - two atria for receiving blood and two ventricles for pumping blood out.
2. The pericardium is a sac that surrounds and protects the heart. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer and an inner serous layer that secretes fluid.
3. Blood enters the right atrium from the body and is pumped into the pulmonary artery to the lungs. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium and is pumped by the left ventricle through the aorta to the body.
Fascia of neck
The neck contains four compartments separated by fascial layers: visceral, vertebral, and two vascular compartments. The superficial cervical fascia lies just deep to the skin and contains cutaneous nerves, veins, lymph nodes, and the platysma muscle. Deeper is the deep cervical fascia, organized into layers including the investing layer surrounding the neck, pretracheal layer enclosing structures like the thyroid, and prevertebral layer surrounding the vertebral column. These fascial layers are important as they determine the spread of infection, which can extend between layers into dangerous spaces like the retropharyngeal space and mediastinum.
10. ANATOMY OF THE MEDIASTINUM MATERIAL.pptx
The mediastinum is the space within the thoracic cavity surrounded by the pleura and containing the heart, major blood vessels, esophagus, and other structures. It is divided into superior, anterior, middle, and posterior compartments by planes extending from the sternum to the spine. The superior mediastinum contains the thymus gland, great vessels, trachea and esophagus. The middle mediastinum contains the heart and pericardium. The posterior mediastinum contains the esophagus, thoracic duct and descending aorta. The mediastinum has clinical importance as it can be involved in infections, tumors and other pathologies.
Mediastinum
The mediastinum is the space within the thoracic cavity between the lungs, containing structures like the heart, great vessels, esophagus and thoracic duct. It is divided into superior and inferior mediastinum. The superior mediastinum contains the thymus gland, great vessels, nerves and trachea. The inferior mediastinum is further divided into anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum. The middle mediastinum contains the heart and great vessels while the posterior mediastinum contains the descending aorta, esophagus and thoracic duct. Important structures and their relations within the divisions of the mediastinum are described.
INTRODUCTION TO CVS PHYSIOLOGY-BSCN.pptx
This document provides an introduction to cardiovascular physiology, including the components and function of the circulatory system. It describes the anatomy of the heart, including the four chambers, valves, and circulation through the heart. It also discusses the coronary circulation which provides oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself. In summary, it introduces the key structures and functions of the cardiovascular system, with a focus on the anatomy and blood flow through the heart.
The pericardium and the pericardial sinuses
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and prevents overexpansion. It has an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer. The pericardium supports the heart, limits its movement, and acts as a shock absorber. Pericardial effusion or inflammation can occur from infection, cancer, or other causes. Effusion is treated by draining fluid while inflammation is treated with anti-inflammatory drugs or identifying the underlying cause. Complications like tamponade require draining fluid from the pericardial sac.
CVS/Anatomy of heart/ B.pharmacy 2 semester
The cardiovascular system is sometimes called the blood-vascular, or simply the circulatory system.
It consists of the heart, which is a muscular pumping device, and a closed system of vessels called arteries, veins, and capillaries.
The main function of the cardiovascular system is therefore to maintain blood flow to all parts of the body, to allow it to survive.
The arteries carry blood away from the heart; the veins carry it back to the heart.
Cardiovascular Anatomy.pptx
The document describes the anatomy and function of the heart and surrounding structures. It begins by introducing the pericardium, which has two layers that surround and protect the heart. The three layers of the heart wall are then described, with the myocardium being the thick middle layer responsible for pumping blood. The four chambers and valves of the heart are also outlined, explaining how blood flows from the right atrium to ventricle to lungs then left atrium to ventricle and out to the body in two separate circulation loops. Objectives of understanding heart structures and functions are also provided.
Cardiovascular Anatomy.pptx
The document describes the anatomy and function of the heart and surrounding structures. It begins by introducing the pericardium, which has two layers that surround and protect the heart. It then discusses the layers of the heart wall and the four chambers of the heart. The heart has four valves that ensure one-way blood flow. The right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives oxygenated blood and pumps it through the body. Contraction of the heart muscles efficiently circulates blood.
arterial supply of head and neck
contains arterial supply of head and neck, branches of each main artery, applied aspect of the arteries and ligation of the arteries.
Circulatory system
The circulatory system brings nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to tissues via two circuits: the cardiovascular system uses blood and the lymph vascular system uses lymph. The cardiovascular system consists of pulmonary and systemic circulation loops. The heart is the hollow muscular pump located in the chest that circulates blood through four chambers and two atria that receive blood and two ventricles that pump blood into the arteries. The lymph vascular system consists of a network of lymphatic capillaries and vessels that collect lymph from tissues and return it to the cardiovascular system.
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The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
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precardium.pptx
- 1. Pericardium Definition: afibro serous sac surrounding the heart&roots of it's great vessels. Site: middle mediastinum Extends from (2nd to 6th ) costal cartilages& from ( 5th to 8th ) thoracic vertebrae. Structures: formed of 2 sacs: A- Fibrous pericardium B- Serous pericardium
- 2. Fibrous pericardium Conical fibrous sac formed of fibrous tissue: It has: Base, Apex, ant, post& 2 lat surface. Base: bellow, attached to central tendon of diaphragm. Apex: above, up to sternal angle where it belend with the adventitia of great vessels & Pre tracheal fascia.
- 5. Serous pericardium Closed serous sac which is invaginated from above and behind by the heart & great vessels. Structures:formed of 2 layers - 1- parietal layer: - lines fibrous pericardium & continous with visceral layer at root of great vessels . 2- Visceral layer(epicardium): covers the heart.
- 7. Blood Supply Fibrous and parietal serous: Arterial blood supply from: - Internal mammary, musculophernic arteries& Descending thoracic aorta. Venous drainage:to internal mammary and azygose veins. - Visceral serous: as the heart.
- 8. Nerve Supply Fibrous and parietal serous: Phernic nerve (Sensitive to pain). Visceral layer: as heart (Autonomic→ insensetive to pain) but Sensitive to ischaemia .
- 9. sinuses of pericardium They are recesses inside the pericardal cavity lined by serous pericardium, they includes : 1- Transvers sinus 2- oblique sinuses.
- 12. Oblique sinus Ablined recess of the pericardal cavity that lies behind the base of the heart opened bellow to general pericardal cavity Boundaries: - Anteriorly: back of Lt atrium. - Post: fibrous pericardium - On left side: reflection of the serous pericardium on 2 left pulmonary veins. - On right Side: reflection of the serous pericardium on 2 right Pulmonary veins & 2 vena cava
- 14. هلل الحمد