Women Scientists

1. GENDER IN SCIENCE
Dr. NISHA S PANICKER
Assistant Professor
Department of Physics
KSMDB College
Sasthamkotta

2. Introduction
 The sciences are defined by those who push past the
bounds of human knowledge and breakdown the thought
barriers of their time.
 As far as the history is concerned the major contributions
to the scientific community has given by man.
 Now a day many women are enjoying the privileges of
scientific community which is a pride for us.

3.  The first Indian woman to receive her degree as a
medical doctor did so in 1885.
 An early Indian woman doctorate in basic science
was Janaki Ammal (in 1931) and the first woman
to get her doctorate from an Indian university was
Ashima Chatterjee (in 1944).
 Even among the Ph.D.’s in science, about 25-30%
are women.

4. Women In Science
 The involvement of women in the field of medicine occurred in several
early civilizations.
 Women contributed to the proto science of alchemy in the first or second
centuries AD.
 During the middle ages, convents were an important place of education
for women, and some of this communities provided opportunities for
women to contribute to scholarly research.
 While the eleventh century saw the emergence of the first universities,
women were, for the most part, excluded from university education.
 The first known woman to earn a university chair in a scientific field of
studies, was eighteenth- century Italian scientist, Laura Bassi.

5. WOMEN WHO SHAPED SCIENCE-NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS
PHYSICS
NAME YEAR
Marie Sklodowska- Curie 1903
Maria Goeppert-Mayer 1963
Donna Strickland 2018

6. WOMEN WHO SHAPED SCIENCE-NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS
CHEMISTRY
NAME YEAR
Marie Sklodowska- Curie 1911
Irene Joliot Cure 1915
Dorothy Crow foot Hodgkin 1964
Ada E Yonath 2009

7. NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS
PHYSIOLOGY/MEDICINE
NAME YEAR
Gerty Cori 1947
Rosalyn Yalow 1977
Barbara Mc Clintock 1983
Rita Levi- Montalcini 1986
Gertrude B Elion 1988
Christiane Nusslein- Volhard 1995
Linda B Buck 2004
Francoise Barre- Sinuoussi 2008
Carol W. Greider 2009
Elizabeth H Blackburn 2009
May- Britt Moser 2014
Youyou To 2015

8. Gender Inequality in Employment

9. CHALLENGES
 Effects of marital status on work participation.
 Social problems.
 Workplace harassment.

10. Existing Efforts
 DST and DBT Schemes for women to come back to science after a
break.
 DBT, INSA and NASI special awards for women.
 Establishment of the Task Force for Women in Science by the DST.
 Mentorship and awareness programs run by different agencies and
groups: DST-NASI, IASc, NIAS and DST.

11. Conclusion
 There is a need to facilitate ways in which the
pursuit of science by women can be effective.
Some important points:-
 1. Childcare
 2. Encourage and reward excellence shown by
women.
 3. Improved work climate.