This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in a basic computer class, including: - The objectives of learning the basic components of a computer, how to start and shut down a computer, parts of the window environment, and different disk drives. - The main parts of a desktop computer including the computer tower, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and speakers. - Types of computer memory including RAM for short-term use and hard drives for permanent storage. - Common computer peripherals like modems, which connect computers to the internet, and types of computers including desktops, laptops, and tablets. - The basic roles of hardware, software, data, and users in a complete computer system.

1. BASIC COMPUTER CLASS
Course Obejctives

2. COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Be more familiar with the basic components
of a computer
 Start a computer and shut a computer down
 Know the parts of a window environment
 Be aware of the different disk drives of a
computer
 Be less apprenhensive using a computer

3. DESKTOP COMPUTERS

4. LAPTOP

5. COMPUTER MOUSE WHICH CONNECTS TO
KEYBOARD

6. COMPUTER MOUSE DETAIL

7. DESKTOP
 Parts of a Desktop Computer
 A desktop computer can be broken down into
its key components, which are generally the
computer, its monitor, its speakers, its
keyboard and its mouse. These are shown
below. There are other peripherals which
may also be connected.

8. PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER

9. COMPUTER KEY BOARD

10. HARD DRIVE AND RAM
 The hard drive is the permanent memory for
your computer. Information is stored there
even when the computer is turned off.
 RAM (random access memory) is the short
term memory for your computer. It is used to
open programs and remember things for the
session that your computer is turned on.

11. HARD DRIVE

12. TYPE OF HARD DRIVE
There are several type of Hard Drive depend
on
the size of the computer:
 Optical
 Solid State
 Expansion Card
 Video Card
 Flash
 Graphic

13. MODEM

14. WHAT IS MODEM
 A modem is a device that provides access to the Internet (see below).
 The modem connects to your ISP, which typically provides either cable or DSL
Internet service. Cable modems have a coaxial (or "coax") connection, which is
the same type of connector found on a TV or cable box. This connects to a cable
port on the wall. DSL modems have a telephone connector, also called an RJ-11
jack, which connects to a telephone socket on the wall.
 By connecting your modem to your router (instead of directly to a computer), all
devices connected to the router can access the modem, and therefore, the
Internet. The router provides a local IP address to each connected device, but
they will all have the same external IP address, which is assigned by your ISP.

15. TYPE OF COMPUTER
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
1. PERSONAL COMPUTER
2. MAINFRAME COMPUTER
3. MINI COMPUTER
4. SUPER COMPUTER

16. PERSONAL COMPUTER
The most commom type of computer is personal
computer – a personal computer that is designed to
sit on a desk or table. These are the systems you
see all around you, in school, homes, and office.
Today’s personal computers are more powerful
than those of just a few year’s ago. Not only do
these machine enable people to do their jobs wuth
greater ease and efficient, but they can be used to
communicate, produce music, edit photographs and
videos, etc. the mian compnents of the computer is
the system units.

17. COMPUTER SYSTEM
THE COMPUTER DEFINED
In basic term, a computer ia an electronic
device that processes data, converting it into
information that is useful to people. Any
computer-regardless of its type is controlled
by programmed instructions, which gives the
machine a purpose and tell it what to do.

18. MAINFRAME COMPUTER
Mainframe computer are used in large organizations
such as insurance companies and banks, where
many people frequently need to use the same data.
In a traditional mainframe’s resources through a
device called a terminal. There are two type of
terminals. A dumb terminal does not process or store
data, it is simply an input/output device that functions
as a window into a computer located somewhere
else. An intellent terminal can perform some
processing operations, but it usually does not have
any storage. In some mainframe environments,
however, workers can use a standard personal
computer to access the mainframe.

19. SUPER COMPUTER
Supercomputers are the most powerful
computers made, and physically they are
some of the largest. These systems can
process huge amounts of data, abd the
faster supercomputers can perform more
than one trillion calculations per second.

20. PARTS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
A complete computer system consists of mainly four parts.
1. HARDWARE (the computer)
2. SOFTWARE (Programs)
3. DATA (Information)
4. USER (People)
Hardware:
The mechanical devices that make up the computer are called
Hardware. A computer’s harware consists of interconnected
electronic devices that can use to control the computer’s
operation, input, and output.
Software:
Software is a set of instructions that makes the computer perform
tasks. In other words we can say that, software tells the
computer what to do. Here the program refers to any piece of
software

21. DATA
DATA
Data consist of individuals facts or pieces of information that
by thenselves may not make much sense to a person. A
computer primary job is to pricess these tiny pieces of data
in various ways, converting them into useful information
USERS
Peoples are the computer operators, aslo know as users
One can argue that some computer systems are
complete without a person’s involement; however no
computer is totally autonomous. Even if a computer
can do its job without a person sitting in front or it,
people still design, build, program, and repair
computer system.

22. BASIC COMPUTER KNOWLEDGE
 What is your understanding about computer?
computer is an electronic device that
manipulates information, or data. It has the
ability to store, retrieve, and process data.
You may already know that you can use a
computer to type documents, send email,
play games, and browse the Web.

23. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
First let's talk about two things all computers
have in common:
1. hardware
2. software.

24. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
Hardware is any part of your computer that
has a physical structure, such as the
keyboard or mouse. It also includes all of the
computer's internal parts
Software is any set of instructions that tells
the hardware what to do and how to do it.
Examples of software include web browsers,
games, and word processors.

25. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
Everything you do on your computer will rely
on both hardware and software. For
example, right now you may be viewing this
lesson in a web browser (software) and
using your mouse (hardware) to click from
page to page.

26. WHAT IS SERVER
You heard lot about server what is server
actually?
A server is a computer that serves up
information to other computers on a network.
For example, whenever you use the Internet,
you're looking at something that's stored on a
server. Many businesses also use local file
servers to store and share files internally.

27. TYPES OF COMPUTERS
 Many of today's electronics are basically specialized computers,
though we don't always think of them that way. Here are a few
common examples.
 Smartphones: Many cell phones can do a lot of things
computers can do, including browsing the Internet and playing
games. They are often called smartphones.
 Wearables: Wearable technology is a general term for a group of
devices—including fitness trackers and smartwatches—that
are designed to be worn throughout the day. These devices are
often called wearables for short.
 Game consoles: A game console is a specialized type of
computer that is used for playing video games on your TV.
 TVs: Many TVs now include applications—or apps—that let you
access various types of online content. For example, you can
stream video from the Internet directly onto your TV.

28. NETWORK CARD
The network card allows your computer to
communicate over a network and access the
Internet. It can either connect with an
Ethernet cable or through a wireless
connection (often called Wi-Fi). Many
motherboards have built-in network
connections, and a network card can also be
added to an expansion slot.

29. BLUETOOTH
Bluetooth is a technology for wireless
communication over short distances. It's
often used in computers to communicate with
wireless keyboards, mice, and printers. It's
commonly built into the motherboard or
included in a wireless network card. For
computers that don't have Bluetooth, you can
purchase a USB adapter, often called a
dongle.

30. MOBILE DEVICE
 What is a mobile device?
 A mobile device is a general term for any
type of handheld computer. These devices
are designed to be extremely portable, and
they can often fit in your hand. Some mobile
devices—like tablets, e-readers, and
smartphones—are powerful enough to do
many of the same things you can do with a
desktop or laptop computer.

31. TABLET COMPUTERS
Like laptops, tablet computers are designed
to be portable. However, they provide a
different computing experience. The most
obvious difference is that tablet computers
don't have keyboards or touchpads. Instead,
the entire screen is touch-sensitive, allowing
you to type on a virtual keyboard and use
your finger as a mouse pointer.

32. E-READERS
E-book readers—also called e-readers—are
similar to tablet computers, except they are
mainly designed for reading e-books (digital,
downloadable books). Notable examples
include the Amazon Kindle, Barnes &
Noble Nook, and Kobo. Most e-readers use
an e-ink display, which is easier to read than
a traditional computer display. You can even
read in bright sunlight, just like if you were
reading a regular book.

33. SMARTPHONES
A smartphone is a more powerful version of a
traditional cell phone. In addition to the same
basic features—phone calls, voicemail, text
messaging—smartphones can connect to the
Internet over Wi-Fi or a cellular network (which
requires purchasing a monthly data plan). This
means you can use a smartphone for the same
things you would normally do on a computer,
such as checking your email, browsing the Web,
or shopping online.

34. WHAT IS AN OPERATING SYSTEM?
An operating system is the most important
software that runs on a computer. It
manages the computer's memory and
processes, as well as all of its software and
hardware. It also allows you to
communicate with the computer without
knowing how to speak the computer's
language. Without an operating system, a
computer is useless.

35. THE OPERATING SYSTEM'S JOB
Your computer's operating system (OS)
manages all of the software and hardware
on the computer. Most of the time, there are
several different computer programs running
at the same time, and they all need to access
your computer's central processing unit
(CPU), memory, and storage. The operating
system coordinates all of this to make sure
each program gets what it needs.

36. MICROSOFT WINDOWS
Microsoft created the Windows operating
system in the mid-1980s. There have been
many different versions of Windows, but the
most recent ones are Windows 10 (released
in 2015), Windows 8 (2012), Windows 7
(2009), and Windows Vista (2007).
Windows comes pre-loaded on most new
PCs, which helps to make it the most
popular operating system in the world.

37. MACOS
macOS (previously called OS X) is a line of
operating systems created by Apple. It
comes preloaded on all Macintosh
computers, or Macs. Some of the specific
versions include Mojave (released in 2018),
High Sierra (2017), and Sierra (2016).

38. LINUX
Linux (pronounced LINN-ux) is a family of
open-source operating systems, which
means they can be modified and distributed
by anyone around the world. This is different
from proprietary software like Windows,
which can only be modified by the company
that owns it. The advantages of Linux are
that it is free, and there are many different
distributions—or versions—you can choose
from.

39. WHAT IS AN APPLICATION?
 You may have heard people talking about using a
program, an application, or an app. But what
exactly does that mean? Simply put, an app is a type
of software that allows you to perform specific
tasks. Applications for desktop or laptop computers
are sometimes called desktop applications, while
those for mobile devices are called mobile apps.
 When you open an application, it runs inside the
operating system until you close it. Most of the time,
you will have more than one application open at the
same time, which is known as multi-tasking.

40. APP
App is a common term for an application,
especially for simple applications that can
be downloaded inexpensively or even for
free. Many apps are also available for
mobile devices and even some TVs.

41. WEB
Web browsers: A web browser is the tool you
use to access the Internet. Most computers
come with a web browser pre-installed, but
you can also download a different one if you
prefer. Examples of browsers include
Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google
Chrome, and Safari

42. MEDIA PLAYERS
Media players: If you want to listen to MP3s or
watch movies you've downloaded, you'll
need to use a media player. Windows
Media Player and iTunes are popular media
players.

43. MOBILE APPS
Desktop and laptop computers aren't the only
devices that can run applications. You can
also download apps for mobile devices like
smartphones and tablets. Here are a few
examples of mobile apps.

44. WHAT IS NETWORK
Networking is the exchange of information
and ideas among people with a common
profession or special interest, usually in an
informal social setting. Networking often
begins with a single point of common ground.

45. NETWORKING
As networking is the physical act of connecting computers, routers,
switches, wires, and other network-able components. You will
need to know (or learn) some commands to control networking
devices - maybe Cisco's IOS, or Windows ipconfig, netstat, ping,
Linux similar controls - ifconfig, netstat, ping, traceroute, etc.
Network Programming is usually writing code to run a network.
you want to ensure QOS (quality of service), maybe you want
firewall rules, maybe you want to distribute patches across the
network, or more likely, you want to balance resources on the
network, so you take input and use that to plug into an algorithm
so you can allocate more bandwidth or disk space.
Most of what we think of as programming ( in C, C++, C#, Java,
VB, etc..) we visualize as one end user on one computer. With
network programming, you are looking at the entire network -
users, hardware, capacity, timing.. and writing code

46. COMPUTER NETWORK
 A computer network is a group of computers that use a set of common communication
protocols over digital interconnections for the purpose of sharing resources located on or
provided by the network nodes. The interconnections between nodes are formed from a broad
spectrum of telecommunication network technologies, based on physically wired, optical, and
wireless radio-frequency methods that may be arranged in a variety of network topologies.
 The nodes of a computer network may include personal computers, servers, networking
hardware, or other specialised or general-purpose hosts. They are identified by hostnames and
network addresses. Hostnames serve as memorable labels for the nodes, rarely changed after
initial assignment. Network addresses serve for locating and identifying the nodes by
communication protocols such as the Internet Protocol.
 Computer networks may be classified by many criteria, including the transmission medium used
to carry signals, bandwidth, communications protocols to organize network traffic, the network
size, the topology, traffic control mechanism, and organizational intent.
 Computer networks support many applications and services, such as access to the World Wide
Web, digital video, digital audio, shared use of application and storage servers, printers, and fax
machines, and use of email and instant messaging applications.
 Contents

47. WHAT IS CLI
 A command-line interface (CLI) processes commands to a computer program in the form of
lines of text. The program which handles the interface is called a command-line interpreter or
command-line processor. Operating systems implement a command-line interface in a shell
for interactive access to operating system functions or services. Such access was primarily
provided to users by computer terminals starting in the mid-1960s, and continued to be used
throughout the 1970s and 1980s on VAX/VMS, Unix systems and personal computer systems
including DOS, CP/M and Apple DOS.
 Today, many users rely upon graphical user interfaces and menu-driven interactions. However,
some programming and maintenance tasks may not have a graphical user interface and may
still use a command line.
 Alternatives to the command line interface include text-based user interface menus (for example,
IBM AIX SMIT), keyboard shortcuts, and various desktop metaphors centered on the pointer
(usually controlled with a mouse). Examples of this include the Microsoft Windows, DOS Shell,
and Mouse Systems PowerPanel. Command-line interfaces are often implemented in terminal
devices that are also capable of screen-oriented text-based user interfaces that use cursor
addressing to place symbols on a display screen.
 Programs with command-line interfaces are generally easier to automate via scripting.
 Many software systems implement command-line interfaces for control and operation. This
includes programming environments and utility programs. (Wikipedia)

48. IP ADDRESS
 What is an IP address?
 The IP address is a unique 32-bit identifier
given to a computer for use on the network.
Without the IP address, communication is not
possible.

49. HOW TO FIND IP ADDRESS OF MY COMPUTER
Let everybody tru to find IP address on yor
computer Jim you drive first then others.
We will continue class next week

50. WHAT IS AWS CLOUD ?
 What is AWS cloud and how IT works?
Amazon web service is an online platform that provides scalable and
cost-effective cloud computing solutions. AWS is a broadly adopted
cloud platform that offers several on-demand operations like compute
power, database storage, content delivery, etc., to help corporates scale
and grow.

51. QUIZ
Explain why we are learning the very basic of
computer concept first?
Why we using CLI instead og GUI?