Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), also known as chronic lung disease of prematurity, is a chronic lung condition that can affect premature infants. It occurs as a result of lung injury from mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy needed to treat respiratory distress syndrome. The incidence of BPD has increased with improved survival of very low birth weight infants. Risk factors include prematurity, infection, oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, and a patent ductus arteriosus. The pathogenesis involves oxidative stress, lung inflammation, and arrested alveolar development. Treatment focuses on preventing lung injury through gentle ventilation strategies, permissive hypercapnia/hypoxemia, nutrition support, and in some cases postnatal corticosteroids.

1. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia( chronic lung disease) Dr prathik

5. NIH DEFINITION < 32 weeks > 32 weeks Time point of assessment 36 weeks PMA or discharge* > 28 days but < 56 days postnatal age or discharge* Treatment with oxygen > 21% for at least 28 days > 21% for at least 28 days Mild Breathing room air at 36 weeks PMA or discharge Breathing room air at 56 days postnatal age or discharge* Moderate Need for <30% oxygen at 36 weeks PMA or discharge Need* for <30% oxygen at 56 days postnatal age or discharge Severe Need for > 30% oxygen and/or positive pressure (IMV/CPAP) at 36 weeks PMA or discharge Need for > 30% oxygen and/or positive pressure (IMV/CPAP) at 56 days postnatal age or discharge