The memorandum provides an overview and assessment of the key issues facing Cote d'Ivoire in 2013. It discusses the country's history of coups and civil war since 1999 which divided the country and disrupted its economy. While a democratically elected government is now in place, national divisions, the legitimacy of the president, security sector reform, border security threats, and economic recovery remain important challenges. The memo outlines U.S. strategic interests in promoting stability, democracy, and economic relations in Cote d'Ivoire and West Africa more broadly.
An analysis of the Algerian market: historical, political, economic, internal and regional security issues, the defence market, and recent approvals and refusals UK export licences.
An analysis of the Algerian market: historical, political, economic, internal and regional security issues, the defence market, and recent approvals and refusals UK export licences.
Business Economics of US is studied where its market and growth from past to present and future challenges to the growth is covered such as depression and debt problems.
African needs to Develop its own Humanitarian Community in the face of unend...Dr. Dan EKONGWE
The world is currently in the midst of several long wars and environmental hazards cross border challenges with conflicts of identity and fragmentation of states and unceasing flows of refugees as well as farmer-grazier conflicts and international migration that do not have any clear endpoint. For example, the conflicts in the Middle East continue to rage in Syria, Iraq, Yemen and Israel and Palestine. There are also emerging and continuous conflicts across Africa including terrorism in the Lake Chad basin involving Cameroon, Nigeria, Niger and Chad as well as conflicts in Central African Republic, Congo, Sudan, Libya and Mali. The search for pasture and water has led to brutal confrontation between agro-farmers and pastoralist leading to heavy loss of life and property across West and East Africa and setting in motion waves of migrants, refugees and internally displaced persons. Climate change and environmental hazards in Asia and parts of Africa and Latin America has affected and disrupted the life of many people. Migrant deaths across the Mediterranean and continuous flows of refugees from Latin America heading north to the US and Mexico border have raised the need and concern for humanitarian assistance. In all these challenges Africa needs to establish its own humanitarian services and community that would be able to easily operate on the bases of the specificity of the African reality using the total approach to disaster risk and humanitarian management; that is concerted and sustainable approach.
Updated 7 August 2014. What can and can't be sold to Libya? This summary analysis looks at Libya's political, economic and business climate, its defence and security equipment needs, what is exempt from the UN and EU Embargoes (much more than you might think), what other export control issues might be relevant, what specifically has been approved for export recently and how to avoid delays with an export licence application. We can provide similar or more detailed analyses for all emerging markets, tailored to specific types of goods, and can help exporters navigate the UK export controls process.
Hyperinflation and economic collapse of VenezuelaTilikaChawda
A complete analysis of the current political conditions of the country and its effect on socio-economic factors and its impact on socio-economic factors along with recommendations for the betterment of the system.
Business Economics of US is studied where its market and growth from past to present and future challenges to the growth is covered such as depression and debt problems.
African needs to Develop its own Humanitarian Community in the face of unend...Dr. Dan EKONGWE
The world is currently in the midst of several long wars and environmental hazards cross border challenges with conflicts of identity and fragmentation of states and unceasing flows of refugees as well as farmer-grazier conflicts and international migration that do not have any clear endpoint. For example, the conflicts in the Middle East continue to rage in Syria, Iraq, Yemen and Israel and Palestine. There are also emerging and continuous conflicts across Africa including terrorism in the Lake Chad basin involving Cameroon, Nigeria, Niger and Chad as well as conflicts in Central African Republic, Congo, Sudan, Libya and Mali. The search for pasture and water has led to brutal confrontation between agro-farmers and pastoralist leading to heavy loss of life and property across West and East Africa and setting in motion waves of migrants, refugees and internally displaced persons. Climate change and environmental hazards in Asia and parts of Africa and Latin America has affected and disrupted the life of many people. Migrant deaths across the Mediterranean and continuous flows of refugees from Latin America heading north to the US and Mexico border have raised the need and concern for humanitarian assistance. In all these challenges Africa needs to establish its own humanitarian services and community that would be able to easily operate on the bases of the specificity of the African reality using the total approach to disaster risk and humanitarian management; that is concerted and sustainable approach.
Updated 7 August 2014. What can and can't be sold to Libya? This summary analysis looks at Libya's political, economic and business climate, its defence and security equipment needs, what is exempt from the UN and EU Embargoes (much more than you might think), what other export control issues might be relevant, what specifically has been approved for export recently and how to avoid delays with an export licence application. We can provide similar or more detailed analyses for all emerging markets, tailored to specific types of goods, and can help exporters navigate the UK export controls process.
Hyperinflation and economic collapse of VenezuelaTilikaChawda
A complete analysis of the current political conditions of the country and its effect on socio-economic factors and its impact on socio-economic factors along with recommendations for the betterment of the system.
Problems identification and solutions for Fruita Vitals Juice of Nestlé (oran...Faizan Anjum
Acknowledgement 1
1 Summary 3
2 Introduction 4
2.1 About Company 4
2.2 Vision and Mission Statement 4
2.3 Milestones of Nestlé Pakistan 5
2.4 Nestle factories in Pakistan 5
2.5 Fruita Vitals Juices 5
2.6 Benefits described by company: 6
3 Problem Statement 7
3.1 Research Methodology about Problem 7
4 Fish-Bone Analysis 8
5 Nestle Fruita Vital Juices Production System 9
5.1 Actual Process Analysis 9
5.2 Production Process in Use of Fruita Vital Juices 10
6 Identify problem & prioritized problem 11
6.1 Interviews 11
6.1.1 Interview #1 with manager of product development of Nestle Juices 11
6.1.2 Results of Interview 11
6.1.3 Interview # 2 with the HRM 13
6.1.4 Findings of Interview 13
6.2 Results 13
7 Process Addition as Solution in Nestle Fruita Vital Juices Production Flow Chart 14
8 Solutions 15
9 Conclusions 16
Boko Haram and its Impact on the Nigerian Economy By A.docxAASTHA76
Boko Haram and its Impact on the Nigerian
Economy
By Angus Gillespie
Despite emerging from the murky shadows within Nigeria just a dozen years ago,
Boko Haram has quickly earned itself an infamous reputation for being one of the
most callous and violent radical Islamist groups in African history. In fact, it’s
already been tagged a terrorist group by western countries such as the United
States. Over the past 12 to 15 months, Boko Haram has unleashed a massive
wave of violence, fear and chaos throughout the northern African country – so
much so, that it’s know seen by many as having a noticeable impact on the way
the country operates, and by extension, is hindering its economic well being to a
widening degree.
Founded in 2002, Boko Haram is an ultra extremist Islamic cult focusing primarily
on the edict that Western education is forbidden. Military operations were
launched in 2009 to support their cause in creating an independent Islamic state.
It also has roots that can be traced to the northern part of Cameroon and parts of
Niger. The Boko Haram leadership has international connections to Al-Qaeda.
Suspected Boko Haram militants have killed dozens of Nigerians in recent weeks
and there is no sign of the violence abating. In one attack, gunmen disguised as
soldiers fired on a crowd in a church compound. The radical sect is known for
attacking churches, schools, and police stations. Tourists are also considered fair
game. Violence linked to the Boko Haram insurgency has resulted in an
estimated 12,000 killings since 2002, although that figure has gone up
considerably since 2009 when the group began to heavily arm itself as a militia.
Making matters worse for the Nigerian government of Goodluck Jonathan is that
some of the attacks come amidst reports some army generals have been aiding
the rebel militants, on the belief that a national coup is going to take place.
Nigerian media sources have reported that as many as 10 generals and five
other senior military officers have already been tried before the courts for
supplying arms and information to Boko Haram. However, at least one Nigerian
military spokesman called the reports “falsehoods”.
This contradicted Interior Minister Abba Moro said it was “good news” that the
army had identified soldiers who were undermining the fight against the
insurgents, and that it sent a strong message to other serving officers.
Boko Haram has waged an increasingly bloody insurgency since 2009 in an
attempt to create an Islamic state in Nigeria.
One small town that has been hard hit by the violence is Attagara, where the
village church came under attack leaving at least 20 people dead.
Nigeria’s government has been facing mounting pressure both at home and
abroad to do more to tackle the group and bring about the release of more than
300 schoolgirls kidnapped by the group on April 15.
President Jonathan originally declared a state of emergency in May of ...
Military/Activities Checklist - 17.SU.HIS.2215.pdf
201774 Activities Checklist 17.SU.HIS.2215.500 SURVEY OF AFRICAN HISTORY
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To meet the learning objectives for this topic, you will complete these activities. Print this page and use
it as a checklist.
Review the Introduction and Objectives page.
Read pages 360404 in your textbook.
Read the lesson, The War to End All Wars.
Read the lesson, Ethiopia and World War II.
Read the lesson, Civil Wars.
Complete all activities on the Learning Activities page.
Read the Spotlight: Libya page.
Participate in Discussion: Military.
Post any questions about the course or assignments in the Help! Discussion.
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Military/Civil War - 17.SU.HIS.2215.pdf
201774 Civil War 17.SU.HIS.2215.500 SURVEY OF AFRICAN HISTORY
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With the exception of Syria, African
countries currently get the worst rep
when it comes to violence and conflict.
Virtually every story coming out of the
continent of Africa seems to showcase
one atrocity or another. This narrative
is both true and false. In 2014, Africa
experienced more than half of
worldwide conflict incidents, despite
having only about 16 percent of the
world population. This is a slightly
larger share of the world’s conflicts
than even during the chaotic years of
the postCold War 1990s.
But there are two important caveats.
One, the absolute number of conflicts
worldwide has greatly decreased over
the last two decades. So despite
shouldering a larger share of the
conflict burden, in absolute terms,
Africa has become more peaceful as
well. And secondly, the remaining
conflicts seem to cluster in specific
regions and involve only a few of
Africa’s 54 nationstates. According to the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, 12 African countries
experienced armed conflict in 2014. Three additional countries — Burundi, Niger and Chad — will likely be
added to the list for the 2015 data.
Geographically Africa’s conflicts are tightly clustered along an arc stretching from northern Mali through
southern Algeria and Libya into Egypt, extending into the Sinai Peninsula. The Boko Haram conflict in
northeastern Nigeria is another epicenter and situated in relative proximity to an area of conflict hot
spots in the Central African Republic, Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, South Sudan
and Darfur. On Africa’s eastern coast, the Somali civil war is still going strong in its third decade.
Modern conflicts in Africa are thus highly localized, and they defy simplistic explanations based on
stereotypes. That being said, these are our predictions for Africa’s conflicts in 2016.
Boko Haram
Frequent conflict between Boko Haram and the Nigerian government throughout 2015 has been
reported. The insurgency is the deadliest conflict that Africa is ...
Africa is home to some of the fast growing countries in the world, a wealth continent full of minerals, abundant human resources and opportunities. At the same time, poverty, underdevelopment, insecurity, infrastructure and talent gaps are high. With 54 independent States and a population of over 1.1 billion inhabitants, Africa economic growth is a paradox story. From the desert in the North through the rich mineral belts of the coastal lines and tourism savannah in Kenya to the dense equatorial forests of Congo basin, Africa’s old dilemma stays the same. The question remains, how can a continent gifted and endowed with the World’s most envied, high in demand and profitable natural resources, abundant and cheap labour market, vast arable land, tourism opportunities and favourable climate said to be the poorest?
Though the worst intelligence failure, the USA took maximum advantage of the 9/11 tragedy and embarked on the mission to accomplish the objectives set forth in the infamous neo-con paper, known as the American Century.
America employed all its -military, diplomatic and financial, to wage a war of terror on several countries besides Afghanistan-its starting point.
Whether it was a stellar success or a dismal failure, it has cost the world massively in terms of loss of human lives, financial losses, refugees crises, missed opportunities, and surprisingly, increased global terrorism
This presentation covers all these issues in greater detail
1. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE
MEMORANDUM
TO: Mr. Johnnie Carson, Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs
FROM: Tyler McDonald, Desk Officer – Cote d’Ivoire
DATE: February 20, 2013
SUBJECT: 2013 Prospective on Cote d’Ivoire
Background:
Cote d’Ivoire, a former French colony, had one of the most developed and promising economies
in West Africa up until 1999, when a coup overthrew the democratically elected government.
Later subsequent failed elections led to the break out of a civil war which divided the nation in
two sides in 2002. This culminated into a disputed transfer of power in 2011 when former
President Laurent Gbagbo refused to cede power after his election loss causing violent clashes
between supporters of both sides. Thiscrisis has left the country vulnerable as it attempts to
reconcile the divided nation, reform the security sector and repair the economy. U.S. - Ivoirian
relations have traditionally beenfriendly. The United States currently provides more than a
quarter of the funding for UNCOI (United Nations Operation in Cote d’Ivoire).
U.S. Strategic Interests:
Global Governance:
The top priority in Africa is promoting good governance and democracy. It is important for the
U.S. to support the democratically elected administration in support of the broader goals in the
continent. A stable and democratic Cote d’Ivoire is imperative to this mission. The instability
and disputed transition of power sets a negativeprecedent for other African countries, who are
having elections and are attempting to transition and/or solidifyinto democracies. Similar
refusals to give up power were seen in Benin and Uganda shortly after this conflict.
Stability in the Region:
Cote d’Ivoire is in the heart of West Africa and borders five countries: Ghana, Burkina Faso,
Guinea, Liberia and Mali. The recent crisis in Mali adds to the U.S. strategic importance on this
sub-region with the heightened prospect of terrorism and extremism, in particularly the AQIM
linked groups in Mali and Boko Haram in Nigeria. Further instability in Cote d’Ivoire could
potentially trigger similar problems throughout other West African states. Some of which have
already experienced serve crises in recent years making them more susceptible.
Economic Relations:
Economic recovery will help stabilize and further develop the country. Cote d’Ivoire is eligible
for preferential trade with the African Growth and Opportunity Act. The U.S. exports steel,
machinery, plastics and agricultural products among others. The U.S. imports include cocoa,
rubber, wood, cashews and oil. Our current trade deficit is $1.1 billion dollars.U.S. firms have
made significant investments in oil and gas projects, banking, cocoa and international courier
services.
2. Key issues in 2013
National Divisions:
Nationality and identity are the core cause of the internal crisis that has plagued Cote d’Ivoire
since 2001. The country has long benefited from the steady inflow of immigrants from other
West African states who have added to the agricultural sector, which dominates the economy.
The north of the country has a majority Muslim and immigrant population and remains largely
underdeveloped. The south is prominently Christian and is far more developed. Out of the
twenty-two million people living in Cote d’Ivoire an estimated eight million are immigrants,
generally from other West African states. These immigrants, and the descendants of immigrants,
do not receive recognition as citizens and remain without a path to citizenship. This has led to a
conflict over national identity and what it means to be Ivoirian. Political tensions have risen in
the country as nearly twenty percent of the population goes without representation and limited
rights. This national divide could potentially reignite as former President Gbagbo stands trial at
the International Criminal Court this month for crimes against Humanity. Several hundred
supporters have already taken to the streets in protest last week. While there has been a
significant amount of progresson charging individualsfrom Gbagbo’s camp, Ivorian authorities
have not arrested or charged any members of the pro-Ouattara rebel forces who also
committed grave crimes during the crisis.
Legitimacy:
There is also a concern over the perceived legitimacy of President Ouattara. Tensions still
remain from the violent and delayed transfer of power. President Ouattara, while democratically
elected, had to take his seat by force through rebels who supported him. There is also tension
stemming from the intervention of U.N. and French troops who monitored the ceasefire. This has
complicated Ouattara’s legitimacy as opponents perceive his accession to the presidency as a
tribute of force and support by the former colonizer, France. The current administration must
combat these tensions in hopes to avoid further conflicts.
Border Security:
There have been several attacks along the borders since the 2010 elections. In June 2012 an
attack on the Liberian border resulted in the death of seven UN peacekeepers and twenty-seven
civilians. In September 2012 there was an attack on the Ghanaian border which resulted in eight
deaths and caused a closure of the border with Ghana. The recent events in Mali heighten the
threat of conflict and terrorism in the region as well as bringing in many refugees from the crisis.
Several conflicts with mercenaries on the Liberian border have added to the chaos.This cross-
border violence poses a threat, furthering political tensions and insecurity throughout the
country. There have been several attacks on tankers offof the coast of Cote d’Ivoire, the most
recent of which occurred early February 2013 when a French tanker was hijacked.
Security Sector Reform:
The security situation remains unstable. There have been several attacks on army and police
bases and on border posts around Cote d’Ivoire. The root of this issue is political as the current
administration does not trust the current police force, which was trained largely under the
previous regime. This has led to a disarming of the police force and a reliance on armed soldiers
3. for security. The army has been poorly integrated with thousands of rebels that supported the
current administration pushed into the regular army.
Economic Recovery:
The economy is still recovering from the conflict which interrupted its steady growth. Most
infrastructure has been repaired which has allowed the farmers and businesses to continue
exporting without needing to go through neighboring countries. This is promising for the
normalization of trade relations. However, the instability in the country has led to a severe
increase in food prices. Cote d’Ivoire remains the world’s largest exporter of cocoa as
international prices have risen to the highest prices in over three decades. The increase in cocoa
prices along with a tripiling in local food prices has severely hindered Ivoirians ability to feed
themselves and families. This raises concerns for potential famine and food riots.