2. INTRODUCTION
ABOUT MALI
• An island nation in West Africa, Mali is officially known as
the Republic of Mali. The country, ranked as the eighth
largest on the continent, is bordered by seven other countries:
Algeria to the north, Niger to the east, Burkina Faso and the
Ivory Coast to the south, Guinea to the southwest, and
Senegal and Mauritania to the west.
• Bamako, the nation's capital, is positioned along the Niger
River.
• Currency-West African CFA franc(1 US Dollar = 613.1105
West African CFA Franc.)
• Population-2,34,20,342
3. POLITICAL FACTORS
• Mali is a republic with a multi-party system. The political landscape has
experienced periods of stability and unrest, including military coups and
rebellions, impacting governance and socio-economic development. The country
is working towards democratic reforms and strengthening its institutions for stable
governance. Fifteen political parties are represented in the National Assembly;
others are active in local government.
• Mali has a multi-party system with numerous political parties, in which no one
party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each
other to form coalition governments
• The Alliance for a Democratic Mali (ADEMA) is one of the largest political
parties in Mali.
• Rally for Mali (RPM),
• National Congress for Democratic Initiative (CNID),
• Patriotic Movement for Renewal (MPR)
• Rally for Labour Democracy (RDT),
• Alliance for Democracy in Mali (ADEMA-PASJ)
• Convergence for Alternance and Change (CAC)
4. ECONOMICAL
FACTORS
• Economic Landscape : Mali's economy is primarily
based on agriculture, mining, and fishing. It is one
of the world's leading producers of gold, making
mining a significant contributor to its GDP. The
agricultural sector is a mainstay for a majority of
the population, with key crops being millet, maize,
rice, and cotton. However, Mali faces challenges
such as poverty, food insecurity, and political
instability.
GDP : $18.83 billion.
Avg. annual growth rate : 4.50%.
Per capita income: $748.69.
Annual skilled worker's salary: 3,30,000XOF
Avg. inflation rate : 0.6%.
5. SOCIAL FACTOR
• High population growth rate can provide a growing consumer
market.
• However, low literacy rates and healthcare challenges can affect the
workforce and productivity.
• Cultural factors may influence consumer preferences and behavior.
• Mali has a low-income economy that is vulnerable to commodity
fluctuations and climate change
• The country’s rapid population growth and climate change pose a
threat to agriculture and food security.
• In 2021, the extreme poverty rate in Mali increased to 15.9% due
to the dual impact of the security crisis and the pandemic
6. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS
• Digital Infrastructure: Business operations and market reach may be impacted by the degree
of technology adoption, internet use, and overall digital infrastructure.
• Innovation and Research: Market dynamics and competitiveness are impacted by investments
in R&D, technological developments, and innovation.
• Startups and Innovation: Mali has a budding startup ecosystem with various initiatives and
organizations supporting tech-based entrepreneurial ventures, promoting innovation and
technological growth.
• Technological Adoption in Industries: Various industries, including agriculture and mining, are
gradually incorporating technology to enhance efficiency, productivity, and sustainable
practices.
• Digital Financial Services: The adoption of mobile money and other digital financial services
has been increasing, providing financial inclusion opportunities for a significant portion of the
population that was previously unbanked.
7. ENVIRONMENT
FACTORS
• Desertification and Climate Change: Due to rising temperatures, altered rainfall
patterns, and a rise in the frequency of extreme weather events, Mali is very
vulnerable to climate change. Desertification is a serious problem since it results in
the loss of agricultural land and the relocating of people.
• Farming Methods and Land Degradation :Traditional farming methods,
deforestation, excessive grazing, and poor land management cause soil erosion and
land degradation, which has an effect on agricultural production and food security.
• Quality and Scarcity of Water :Mali has a water shortage that is made worse by
climate change and an escalating population. Particularly in rural locations, it might
be difficult to have access to clean, safe drinking water, which can have negative
health effects.
• Loss of Biodiversity: Mali's diverse ecosystem is at danger due to climate change,
habitat erosion, and poaching. Ecosystem preservation and the protection of
endangered species depend on conservation initiatives.
8. LEGAL FACTOR
• Regulatory Environment: Compliance with local
laws, regulations, and business requirements,
including licensing and permits, is essential.
• Labor Laws: Employment laws, working
conditions, and labor rights affect hiring practices
and human resource management.
• Trade Regulations: Import/export laws, tariffs,
and trade agreements influence international
business operations and strategies.
