The document explores the essence and purpose of poetry, tracing its origins and various genres, such as narrative, epic, dramatic, satirical, and lyric poetry. It outlines key elements including rhythm, meter, rhyme, theme, symbolism, imagery, and figurative language, while also distinguishing between the roles of the poet and the speaker. Additionally, it describes different poetic forms, such as ballads, free verse, haikus, and sonnets, emphasizing their structural characteristics.

1. Poetry
JONAROSA NONG
MASH-UP OF POETRY ELEMENTS
2014

2. What is
poetry?

3. A form of art in which
language is used for its
aesthetic and
evocative qualities
with or without its
apparent meaning.

4. It is derived from
the Greek word
poiesis, meaning
"making" or
"creating”

5. often uses particular
forms and conventions
to expand the literal
meaning of the words, or
to evoke emotional or
sensual responses

6. Purpose of Poetry
 To
express ideas, feelings and emotions.

7. What are
the
origins of
poetry?

8. Many ancient works, from
the Vedas to the Odyssey,
appear to have been
composed in poetic form
to aid memorization and
oral transmission, in
prehistoric and ancient
societies.

9. The oldest surviving poem is the Epic of
Gilgamesh, from the 3rd millennium BC in
Sumer (Mesopotamia, now Iraq), which was
written in cuneiform script on clay tablets and,
later, papyrus.

10. Other ancient epic poetry includes the
Greek epics, Iliad and Odyssey, and the
Indian epics, Ramayana and the
Mahabharata.

11. What are
the
genres of
poetry?

12. POETIC GENRES
Narrative
Poetry
Satirical
Poetry
Epic Poetry
Lyric Poetry
Dramatic
Poetry

13. Narrative Poetry
Tells
a story
May be the oldest genre
of poetry
Includes epics, ballads,
idylls and lays

14. Epic Poetry
It
recounts, in a continuous
narrative, the life and works
of a heroic or mythological
person or group of persons.

15. Dramatic Poetry
Is
drama written in verse to
be spoken or sung, and
appears in varying and
sometimes related forms in
many cultures.
uses the discourse of the
characters involved to tell a
story or portray a situation.

16. Satirical Poetry
A
punch of an insult
delivered in verse
often written for political
purposes.
A notable example is that
of
the
Roman
poet
Juvenal.

17. Lyric Poetry
Portrays
the poet's own
feelings, state of mind, and
perceptions.
Derived from the word "lyre“;
implies that it is intended to be
sung
Includes sonnets, elegy,
ballads, odes, villanelles and
pastourelles

18. POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY
POET
 The poet is the
author of the
poem.
SPEAKER
The speaker of the
poem is the
“narrator” of the
poem.

19. Types of Poetry
Ballad:
A poem that tells a story;
ballads are usually sung

20. Types of Poetry
Free Verse:
Poetry that doesn’t
follow any specific
patterns in rhythm,
rhyme scheme, or line
length; free verse may
contain rhymes, but
they are not used in a
prescribed manner

21. Types of Poetry
Haiku
A three-line Japanese
poetic form in the lines
follow the pattern of
five syllables in the
first line, seven
syllables in the second
line, and five syllables
in the third line.

22. Types of Poetry
Limerick:
a five-line poem that follows a specific rhyme
scheme and rhythm. The first, second, and fifth lines
contain eight syllables. Lines two and three contain
six syllables. Limericks are usually funny or silly.
There was an Old Man with a beard,
Who said, ‘It is just as I feared!
Two Owls and a Hen,
Four Larks and a wren
Have all built their nests in my beard

23. Types of Poetry
Narrative Poem:
A poem that tells the sequence of events of a
story;

24. Types of Poetry
Sonnet:
A very structured fourteen-line poem that follows a
specific rhyme structure and rhythm. The two most
common sonnets are the Italian sonnet and the English
sonnet. William Shakespeare wrote many English
sonnets, which are also referred to as Shakespearean
sonnets.

25. Another important thing to know
STANZA
consists of two or
more lines of poetry
that together form
one of the divisions
of a poem.

26. KINDS OF STANZAS
Couplet
Triplet (Tercet)
Quatrain
Quintet
Sestet (Sextet)
Septet
Octave
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
a two line stanza
a three line stanza
a four line stanza
a five line stanza
a six line stanza
a seven line stanza
an eight line stanza

27. What are
the basic
elements of
poetry?

28. Basic Elements of Poetry
RHYTHM
is the actual
sound that
results from a
line of poetry.

29. Basic Elements of Poetry
RHYTHM
the pattern of
stressed and
unstressed
syllables in a
line.

30. Basic Elements of Poetry
METER
the number
of feet in a
line

31. Basic Elements of Poetry
METER
Meter is the
definitive pattern
established for a
verse (such as
iambic
pentameter)

32. Basic Elements of Poetry
METER
is often
scanned based
on the
arrangement of
"poetic feet"
into lines.

33. Some examples of metric system
Iambic pentameter. It contains
five feet per line, in which the
predominant kind of foot is the
"iamb”
Dactylic hexameter. It has six
feet per line, of which the
dominant kind of foot is the
dactyl.

34. Basic Elements of Poetry
RHYME
consists of identical
(hard-rhyme) or
similar (soft-rhyme)
sounds placed at the
ends of lines or at
predictable locations
within lines (internal
rhyme).

35. Rhyme
When working with rhyme, you should always remember
that the most important part of verse is the last word.
 The last word of each verse is what establishes they
rhyme.
Twinkle, twinkle little star!
How I wonder what you are
Up above the world so high.
Like a diamond in the sky.
A
A
B
B
Rhyme
Schem
e

36. Basic Elements of Poetry
THEME
what the poet
wants to
express
through his
words.

37. Basic Elements of Poetry
THEME
may either be a
thought, a
feeling, an
observation, a
story or an
experience.

38. Basic Elements of Poetry
SYMBOLISM
virtual substances
and themes to
express the deep
hidden meaning
behind the
words.

39. Basic Elements of Poetry
SYMBOLISM
The use of
symbolism gives a
more reflective
empathy to the
poem.

40. Basic Elements of Poetry
A poet must stimulate the
imagination. He or she has
to use a language that
creates mental pictures or
images.
IMAGERY
Sensory Images:
Visual- to the sense of sight.
Olfactory- to the sense of
smell.
Gustatory- to the sense of
taste
Tactil- to the sense of touch
Auditory- to the sense of
hearing

41. Recognizing Figurative
Language
The opposite of literal language is figurative
language. Figurative language is
language that means more than what it
says on the surface.
 It usually gives us a feeling about its
subject.
 Poets use figurative language almost as
frequently as literal language. When you
read poetry, you must be conscious of the
difference. Otherwise, a poem may make
no sense at all.

42. Recognizing Literal Language
“I’ve eaten so much I feel as if I could
literally burst!”
 In
this case, the person is not using the word
literally in its true meaning. Literal means "exact"
or "not exaggerated." By pretending that the
statement is not exaggerated, the person
stresses how much he has eaten.
Literal language is language that means exactly
what is said.
Most of the time, we use
literal language.

43. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

44. Simile
A
direct, explicit comparison of one thing
to another in which the words like or as
are used.
 Ex.
She looks like an angel.
Her lips are as sweet as honey.

45. Onomatopoeia
 The
attempt to echo or imitate sounds
with words
 Ex.
Bow-wow, oink-oink, tick-tack, howling

46. Litotes
 Understatement - basically the opposite of
hyperbole. Often it is ironic.
 Ex. Calling a slow moving person “Speedy”

47. Hyperbole
 An
exaggeration
 Ex.
I have been waiting for a million years

48. Idiom
 An expression where the literal meaning of the
words is not the meaning of the expression. It
means something other than what it actually
says.
 Ex. It’s raining cats and dogs.

49. Alliteration
 Repetition
of constant sounds usually at
the beginning of words
 Ex.
In the summer season, when soft was
the song…

50. PERSONIFICATION
 The
strategy of
giving
objects
human-like
qualities or
an object
given lifelike
qualities.
from “Ninki”
by Shirley Jackson
“Ninki was by this time irritated
beyond belief by the general
air of incompetence exhibited
in the kitchen, and she went
into the living room and got
Shax, who is extraordinarily lazy
and never catches his own
chipmunks, but who is, at least,
a cat, and preferable, Ninki
saw clearly, to a man with a
gun.

51. Metaphor
 An
indirect comparison of one thing to
another in which one thing is given
characteristics of another.
 Ex.
My love is a flower
He was al lion in battle

52. Idioms
 An
idiom or idiomatic expression refers to a
construction or expression in one language that
cannot be matched or directly translated wordfor-word in another language.
Example: "She has a bee
in her bonnet," meaning
"she is obsessed," cannot
be literally translated into
another language word for
word.

53. Credits for Slideshare
presentations used to create
this mash-up:
lucciano7
Poetry terminology 2012
http://www.slideshare.net/lucciano7/poetry-terminology15626203

Katrina Naval
Elements of poetry and scansion 2013
http://www.slideshare.net/katrinanaval3/elements-of-poetry-andscansion

Melanie cruz
Poetry 2013
http://www.slideshare.net/MelaniCruz1/poetry20818094?qid=3f7515c9-d996-4218-a58b1240e32712fe&v=qf1&b=&from_search=9
