Plasma electrolytic carbo nitriding is a hardening process

1. PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO
NITRIDING
Guided By,
JUSTIN THOMAS
Assistant Professor
Mechanical Department
GECI.
1
Presented By,
JOHN JOSEPH
S7 Mechanical
Roll No: 25
GECI.
SEMINAR ON
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

2. CONTENT
2
INTRODUCTION
PLASMA
CARBURIZING
NITRIDING AND CARBONITRIDING
CASE STUDY
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

3. INTRODUCTION
3
Need of hardening
Types of hardening processes
Surface hardening process
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

4. PLASMA
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PLASMA FORMATION
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
Fourth state of matter
Collection of nuclei and free electron
Affected by magnetic and electric field
Two types of plasma – natural and artificial
Electric discharge in medium
Power source- DC, RF, microwave

5. PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

6. CARBURISING
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Heat treatment process
Heated in presence of carbon bearing
materials
Used in low carbon steel or low carbon alloys
Increase in hardness
Increase in wear resistance
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

7. CARBONITRIDING
7PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
Carbon and nitrogen diffuses interstitially
Higher hardness than carburised case
Also known as: dry cyaniding, gas cyaniding and nicarbing
APPLICATION
Gear teeth
Cam shaft
Bearings
Fastners
Pins
Hydraulic pistons

8. PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO
NITRIDING OF ALUMINIUM
8
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
 Cathode - pure aluminium plate
 Anode- stainless steel container
 Electrolyte- aqueous solution of glycerol and carbamide
 DC power supply 150Hz and duty cycle 45%
 Electrolyte temperature 350

9. VOLTAGE CURRENT CHARACTERITICS
9PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

10. MICRO STRUCTURE
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Micro cracks
Micro channels
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

11. PHASE CONSTITUENT LAYERS
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Depth of 2µm
Contains
 Aluminium carbide
 Aluminium nitride
 Aluminium carbonitride
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

12. COMPOSITION OF CONSTITUENTS
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DIFFUSED REGION
Carbon increases
Nitrogen increases
Al decreases
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

13. CORROSION BEHAVIOR
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Corrosion current density =
6.85 x 10-7
1/20th of bare aluminium
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

14. IMPEDENCE OF ALUMINIUM SUBSTRATE
14
 Corrosion impedance increases
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

15. INDUCTIVE LOOP
15PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

16. PLASMA ELECTRO CARBO NITRIDING OF
TITANIUM CARBONITRIDES(TiCxN1−x)
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 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
 Cathode - Titanium disk
 Anode - Graphite rod
 Electrolyte - Organic solution
 DC power supply - 400v, 100hz, duty cycle 30%
 Electrolyte temperature- 300

17. SURFACE MORPHOLOGY
17PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

18. PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
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COMPARISON OF MICRO HARDNESS
Hardness increases about two
times

19. CORROSION RESISTANCE
19PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
 Corrosion potential of coating
increases about 400mV
 Current density decreases

20. BIO COMPACTIBILITY OF
CALCIUM-TITANIUM CARBONITRIDE
 CELL EXPERIMENT
20PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
 Osteoblast cell tissue cultured in medium
 Absorbance of cells measured by micro plate reader
 Treated titanium contain more cells
 Cells placed in well plates of titanium alloy and bare titanium

21. ADVANTAGES
For hardening gear tooth
High surface hardness
Increases tensile strength and yield point
Increases fatigue life by about 30 to 100%
Good for high temperature application
Used for metals with low melting point
21PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING

22. ADVANTAGES Continuation
22PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
Carried out at low temperature
Lesser time for treatment
Reduced distortion due to low temperature
Any complex parts can be treated
 Hardened with out considerable dimensional change

23. APPLICATION AREAS
23PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
 Aircraft industry
 Defence
 Electronic industry - Integrated chips
 Internal combustion engine and compressor

24. CONCLUSION
24PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBO NITRIDING
 The carbonitrided layer on aluminium contains AL4C3, ALN and
AL7C3N3 phases.
 PEC/N treatment greatly improves the corrosion resistance of pure
aluminium.
 Bio compatibility increases when calcium treated with titanium
 Hardness value increases
 Low melting point materials can be successfully treated with pec/n
process

25. REFERENCE
 Jie Wu,Yifan Zhang , Run Liu, Bin Wang, Ming Hua, Wenbin Xue Anti-corrosion Layer
Prepared By Plasma Electrolytic Carbonitriding On Pure Aluminium International journal of
applied surface science
 Xudong Wang, Xin Pan, Wenting Ye, Yanlin Wei, Yashao Chen Preparation and properties of
TiCxN1−x coatings containing calcium on titanium surface by plasma electrolytic
carbonitriding.International journal of surface coating and technology
 YongkunQin , DangshengXiong, JianliangLi , RajneeshTyagi Corrosion and bio-tribological
properties of Ti(CN)x hard coating on titanium alloy by the pulsed plasma electrolytic
carbonitriding process.Tribology international
 S.A. Kusmanov , A.A. Smirnov, S.A. Silkin, V.I. Parfenyuk, P.N. Belkin Plasma electrolytic
nitriding of alpha- and beta-titanium alloy in ammonia-based electrolyte. International
journal of surface coating and technology
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ANY QUESTIONS?
?

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