Plagiarism involves presenting another author's work as one's own without proper attribution. It is considered both an ethical violation and a legal issue. Legally, plagiarism amounts to fraud and copyright infringement, which can result in civil lawsuits and criminal charges. While plagiarism itself is not a crime, misrepresenting someone else's work as your own can constitute copyright infringement or fraud. Academically, plagiarism is treated as a serious ethical offense that can result in penalties for students ranging from failure on assignments to expulsion from their programs. Various forms of plagiarism are described in the document, along with the measures being taken to curb it through stricter laws and policies regarding attribution and intellectual property

1. LEGAL AND ETHICAL
ISSUES OF
PLAGIARISM
PRESENTED BY
ANUJA ROY JR
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

2. PLAGIARISM
• The word plagiarism has been derived from the Latin word
“PLAGIARE”, which means, “to kidnap or abduct.”.
• Plagiarism is an act or instance of using or closely
imitating the language and thoughts of another author
without authorisation and the representation of that
author’s work as one’s own, as by not crediting the
original author.

3. • In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing
someone else’s work and lying about it afterward.
• Plagiarism is the “wrongful appropration” and “stealing and
publication” of another auther’s language, thoughts, ideas or
expressions and the representstion of them as one’s own original work.
• Bill Gate has also expressed his views on plagiarism as an “intellectual
property theft”.

4. • The theft of intellectual property with the use of computer
and internet is on the rise in contemporary time. It is done
in three ways :-
• Stealng with the Web.
• Sealing within the Web.
• Stealing from the Web

5. DIFFERENT FROMS OF PLAGIARISM
• The Potluck Paper :- The writer use different sources and compile them up to create
a new article. Actually only few sentences and paragraphs are changed.
• The Photocopy :- Some significant portion are taken exactly without making any
alteration.
• The Self-Stealer : – It is not considered as wrong or offence in India as the author
has right to reproduce his own works as he or she wishes to make changes.
• The Ghost Writer : – It is the exact copy of the work of another. All the words are
copied accrediting to their own name.

6. LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES OF PLAGIARISM
• Plagiarism is considered academic dishonesty and a branch of journalistic
athics.
• It is subject to sanctions like penalties, suspention, and even expulsion.
• Plagiarism is not a crime per se but in academia and industry, it is a
serious ethical offence, and cases of plagiarism can constitute copyright
infringement.

7. • Plagiarism is actually considered as an unethical conduct of a person
and not a crime by itself.
• As someone else’s work or ideas are misrepresented as one’s own work,
so it amounts to “Fraud”.
• When the act has been done dishonestly it shows the ingredients of
“Cheating”.

8. CIVIL WRONGS AND CRIMINAL OFFENCES
• Plagiarism is actually considered as an unethical conduct of a person and not
a crime by itself.
• The violation of an author’s right to be credited and copyright
infringement are both civil wrongs and criminal charges can also be filed
against the violator.
• In case of a civil suit, the remedies that can be awarded are : injunctions to
restrain further infringement, damages, the delivery of accounts of profit and
both infringing copies of the work used to make them. Certain administrative
actions may also be taken.

9. • A convicted infringer is liable to be imprisoned between six months and
three years, and to be fined between fifty thousand and two lakh
rupees under section 63 of the Act. The punishment is enhanced for
subsequent convictions.
• Sometimes College and University rules for student conduct takes
Plagiarism as an academic offense and not a legal offense. But this is
not the actual case. Plagiarism is not only an academic offence but also
a legal one.

10. EDUCATION SYSTEM DUE TO PLAGIARISM
• After a lot of cases arising about plagiarism, the regulator of the higher education i.e.,
UGC (University Grants Commission) is serious about it and provided guidelines to
be followed by the Universities to check plagiarism in academic activities.
• Plagiarism is considered as an academic sin by the Universities all over the world.
• If the world starts to copy one another then the individualism will lose its importance
and it will lead to retardation in growth.

11. MEASURES TAKEN AND NEED TO BE TAKEN
• The Government of India is planning to make strict law to prevent plagiarism in
academics. The law will consist provisions from warning to deregistration of students
and dismissal of the teacher concerned.
• There are enormous inventions and creations which are making our life better and
easier.
• These work must be rewarded by suitable legal protection through strict laws
otherwise the people working behind the scene for the development will be at a loss.

12. THANK YOU