Pablo Picasso's Cubist period from 1907-1912 saw his style evolve significantly. An early Cubist work, his 1909 plaster bust Tête de femme exhibits strong African influences in the carved facial features, alluding to tribal masks. In contrast, his 1911 painting Tête is a more abstract, fractured portrait composed of simple lines and shapes. While both works exhibit Cubist characteristics, Tête lacks discernible features and African influence, demonstrating Picasso had already begun adapting Cubism within a few years. Comparing works from Picasso's Cubist period is essential to understanding how his style continuously changed, both during this time and his artistic career overall.

1. Kelly Richman
October 2015
Prompt:
Suggest comparative images for Pablo Picasso’s : Tête de femme (Fernande), 1909.

2. Picasso and the Cubist Dichotomy
An avant garde artist of myriad talents, Pablo Picasso is undoubtedly a key Modernist
figure. In order to trace and understand his evolving style, his work is often neatly organised
into distinctive periods – Rose, Blue, and Cubist being among his most well known.
However, while a useful approach to understanding his retrospective oeuvre, his individual
works do not always appear stylistically identical to other pieces of the period; even a couple
of years’ difference can result in a clear shift in style. A prime example of such discord is
found when comparing a painting and sculpture from his Cubist (1907-1912) period: Tête de
femme (Fernande) (Figure 1) from 1909 and Tête, created in 1911 (Figure 2).
At the turn of the century, Africanism1
dominated the Western art consciousness. To
the Post-Impressionists and Fauvists, this manifested as a unique colour palette and spanned
exotic landscapes to primitive portraits. To Picasso, it materialised as inadvertent homages to
African mask and ancient sculpture. While famously evident in his renowned Les
Demoiselles d’Avignon (Figure 3) from 1907, a lesser-known but equally pertinent
embodiment of such influences is his Tête de femme. Produced approximately two years
after the movement’s onset, the sculpted plaster bust exhibits Cubism’s (and Picasso’s) key
considerations: soft curves contrast sharp angles, and, as in the case of Les Demoiselles
d’Avignon, a strong African influence is evident in the figure’s face, whose carved features
allude to a wooden tribal mask. While Cubist pieces by Picasso are commonly defined by
ambiguity, Tête de femme is instantly identifiable. Though somewhat fractured and clearly
unrealistic, the piece is neither abstract nor so broken down that it becomes imperceptible; it
is certainly a face, but also clearly Cubist.
Cubist paintings – even those spawned by the same artist — thus, often range in their
ability to be reasoned or recognised, as evident when comparing Tête de femme (Fernande)
to Tête. Produced in Paris in 1911, Tête, too, is characteristically a work of Picasso.
Comprised of imperfect lines, sketched curves, and a dappled, muted background, the
painting is a relatively simple piece; from a purely aesthetic perspective, Tête may even
appear as a completely abstract study. However, when observed more closely (and once
1
Patricia Leighten, ‘The White Peril and L’Art negre: Picasso, Primitivism, and Anticolonialism,’ The Art Bulletin,
vol. 72, no. 4, December.1990, p. 609-630.

3. aware of its revealing title2
), it becomes clear that this work is a fractured, deconstructed
portrait; a circle and oval comprise the figure’s eyes, while a large 45-degree angle suggests a
nose and a rounded contour represents the chin. Though Cubist by nature, it is void of
African influence and instant discernibility, proving that, a mere two years later, Picasso was
already adapting the Cubist sensibility.
Ultimately, while often imagined as a homogenous period in the artist’s life, for
Picasso, Cubism was an intrinsically and intricately changing style. Whether a nearly
abstract painting or a figurative sculpture, it is evident that comparing the Cubist work of
Picasso is not only essential to understanding the isolated period itself, but his lifelong artistic
approach, too.
2
The English translation of ‘tête’ is “head.”

4. Figures:
Figure 1.
Pablo Picasso, Tête de femme (Fernande), 1909
Plaster, 405 x 230 x 260 mm.

5. Figure 2.
Pablo Picasso, Tête, 1911
Oil on canvas, 18 ¼ x 15 in. (46.1 x 38.1 cm)

6. Figure 3.
Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, 1907
Oil on canvas, 8 x 7.8 ft. (243.9 x 233.7 cm)

7. Bibliography:
Leighten, Patricia. ‘The White Peril and L’Art negre: Picasso, Primitivism, and
Anticolonialism.’The Art Bulletin, vol. 72, no. 4 (December.1990): 609-630.