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1. Chapter - 7
Physiology
& injuries
in sports
1
Presented By - Zaki Saudagar ❤
Physical Education

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7. CONTENTS
● Physiological factors determining
components of physical fitness
● Effect of exercise on Muscular System
● Effect of exercise on Cardio-Respiratory
System
● Sports injuries: Classification (Soft
Tissue Injuries -Abrasion, Contusion,
Laceration, Incision, Sprain & Strain;
Bone & Joint Injuries - Dislocation,
Fractures - Green-Stick, Comminuted,
Transverse Oblique & Impacted)
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8. Sports Physiology
It is the study of long and short term effects of training
and body conditions of athlete
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9. Physiological
factors
determining the
components
of physical
fitness
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10. Physiological factors
determining Strength
Size of muscles
Body weight
Muscle composition
Intensity of nervous impulse
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11. Physiological factors
determining Speed
Mobility of nervous system
Muscle composition
Explosive strength
Flexibility
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12. Physiological factors
determining Endurance
Aerobic capacity
Lactic acid tolerance
Movement economy
Muscle composition
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13. Physiological factors
determining Flexibility
Muscle strength
Age and gender
Stretchability of muscle
Internal environment
Previous injury
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14. Effects of exercise on
cardiorespiratory system
● Increase the size of heart
● Decrease in resting heart rate
● Increases blood flow
● Decrease in blood pressure
● Increase in blood volume
● Decrease in rate of respiration
● Increase in endurance
● Increase lungs efficiency
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15. ● Change in shape and
size of muscles
● Formation of more
capillaries
● Control extra fat
● Increases food storage
● Exercise and its health
benefits
● Non functioning fibre
become actives
● Efficiency and
movement of muscles
● Body posture remain
correct
Effects of Exercises on
muscular System
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16. Sports
Injuries 16

17. It is common in the field
of sports. during
practice training or
competition any player
can be injured. It is
natural to get injured.
Sports Injuries
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Sports Injuries

18. Soft tissue injuries
Bone injuries
Joint injuries
Classification
18
Classification

19. Contusion -
Direct head or without
any sports equipment
can main cause of it. It
is due to the minor
accident
19
Soft Tissue Injuries

20. Strain -
It can be mild as
vessels severe. It can
be occur at any time
during the practice
aur competition it is
caused by twisting or
pulling of muscles
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Soft Tissue Injuries

21. Sprain -
It is the alignment
injury. It may occur
due to overstretching
or tearing of ligament
21
Soft Tissue Injuries

22. Abrasion -
It is a major injury
usually occur due to
friction with certain
equipment or fall over
the area where the
bones very close to
the skin.
Soft Tissue Injuries
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Soft Tissue Injuries
Soft Tissue Injuries

23. Laceration -
A laceration is a kind of
tear-like wound or cut within
the skin or flesh that is open
and may be deep, caused by
a blunt impact to soft tissue.
It is an injury in the form of
a cut owing to separation of
connective tissues.
Soft Tissue Injuries
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Soft Tissue Injuries
Soft Tissue Injuries

24. Incision -
A clean, straight cut caused by
a sharp edge (i.e. a knife).
Tends to bleed heavily as
multiple vessels may be cut
directly across. Connecting
structures such as ligaments
and tendons may also be
involved.
Soft Tissue Injuries
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Soft Tissue Injuries
Soft Tissue Injuries

25. Simple fracture
Compound fracture
Complicated fracture
Greenstick fracture
Impact fracture
Bone Injuries
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Bone Injuries

26. Simple Fracture
Fracture of the bone only, without damage
to the surrounding tissues or breaking of
the skin.

27. Compound Fracture
A compound fracture is a break or crack
in your bone that is visible through your
skin.

28. Transverse Fracture
It is a fracture where the bone
breaks at a right angle to the long
axis of the bone. Transverse
fractures most often occur as the
result of strong force applied
perpendicular to the long axis of a
bone.

29. Oblique Fracture
An oblique fracture is
characterised by a break that is
curved or at an diagonal angle to
the bone. A sharp blow that comes
from an angle (i.e. above or below)
may cause oblique fractures.

30. Complicated Fracture
Complicated fracture – structures surrounding
the fracture are injured. There may be damage
to the veins, arteries or nerves

31. Greenstick Fracture
A greenstick fracture is a fracture in a
young, soft bone in which the bone
bends and breaks

32. Impact Fracture
An impacted fracture occurs when the
broken ends of the bone are jammed
together by the force of the injury

33. Dislocation of joints Main
injury. The player usually
face dislocation of joints in
your finger and hand.
● Dislocation of lower jaw
● Dislocation of shoulder
joint
● Dislocation of hip joint
● Dislocation of wrist
Joint Injuries
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