physics of tablet compression

1. BY
S.KAVYA
M.PHARMACY( PHARMACEUTICS )

2. MY JOURNEY BEGINS HERE

3.  Compression :
Applying
Pressure
Reduction in
the volume
Removal of
gaseous phase

4. Increase in
Mechanical
strength
It includes Yield
Strength , plastic
deformation
By Particle –
Particle
Interaction

5. Application of
Mechanical
Force
Combination of
Compression and
Consolidation
For a Solid – gas
system.

7. Ejection
Particle
Rearrangement
Deformation
Fragmentation
Bonding
Deforming of
Solid Body

8. The smaller
particles enter
the void space
between the
larger particle.
Increase in
Pressure
Decrease in
Relative
movement of
Particles
Reduction in
volume of
Powder bed.
Generally occur
at low pressure

9. Saturation of
particle
rearrangement
Change in
structure of the
material.
Reduction in
porosity and
space
Increase in
Compressional
Force.

11.  Elastic Deformation :
Plastic Deformation :

12. ELASTIC PLASTIC
second phase of Tablet Compression Third phase of Tablet Compression
Particles partly get modified in their
shape.
Particles completely get modified in
their shape.
Deformation completely disappears
after withdrawal of the force.
Deformation beyond elastic limit
leads to Plastic deformation
EXAMPLES : acetyl salicylic acid ,
Microcrystalline cellulose.
EXAMPLES:

13. Under high
pressure the
particles get
fragmented.
Fragmentation
leads the smaller
fragments to move
into voids.
Fragmentation
leads to
deformation of
Particl;es.

14. Fragmentation
Smaller
Fragments.

15. The
intermolecular
Theory
Liquid
film
surface
theory.
Mechanical
Theory

16. It occurs in
Irregularly shaped
particles
It increases the contact of
Particles
The total energy is
directly proportional to
the Deformation
Mechanical Interlocking is not the
major mechanism

17. It occurs at the
molecules at
the surface
The molecules
at the surface
are connected
to the other
particles
Compounds
containing
plenty OH
groups creates
hydrogen
bonding.
Under pressure
the Vanderwals
force is
created
between
Particles.
True
CONTACT

18. pres
sure
Molecules at
the Surface
Vanderwals
bonding

19.  Solid Bridges:
Particle 1
particle2
Connected
at interface
It occurs when two Solids are mixed ( Two Excipients are mixed )

20. PARTICLE 1
PARTICLE 2
2
1
PRESSURE
MELTING occurs in case
of low melting points
solids on pressure.

21. INCREASING
PRESSURE
NON BONDED
SOLIDS get
CONSOLIDATED
LIMITING to a Particular
Density

22. Lower punch
rises
Tablet moves
upwards
Elastic recovery
occurs after
Tablet Ejection.

23. FL FD FA

24. THANK YOU