This document provides information about phrasal verbs and prepositional phrases in English grammar. It defines phrasal verbs as combinations of verbs and particles that together have a meaning different from the individual words. Several examples of common phrasal verbs and their meanings are given, such as "give up", "switch on", etc. The document also contains exercises asking the reader to identify phrasal verbs in sentences and replace words with appropriate phrasal verbs. Prepositional phrases are also defined as phrases starting with a preposition that function as adjectives or adverbs. Some sample sentences containing prepositional phrases are provided.

1. 1. PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONAL
PHRASES
II YEAR
GRAMMAR& USAGE

2. PHRASAL VERBS
Phrasalverbs are the combination of verbs with adverbial or
prepositional particles.
The meaning of phrasal verbs are completely different from the
meaning of the verbs and particles that combine to form the phrasal
verbs
Phrasalverbs are used idiomatically to convey a special meaning

3. MEANINGOF PHRASAL VERBS
• PHRASALVERBS
• Giveup
• Switchon
• Runout
• Make out
• Cookup
• Ask after
• Ask for
• Accountfor
• Abideby
• MEANINGS
• Stop
• Start
• Exhausted
• Understand
• Fabricate
• Enquire
• Get into/invite
• Explain
• follow

4. • Support
• Withdraw
• Fail, stop working
• Demand
• Cancel
• Take care of
• Hate, despise
• Save
• Postpone
• Begin
• start
• Back up
• Back out
• Break down
• Callfor
• Calloff
• lookafter
• Lookdown
• Putby
• Putoff
• Setin
• Setout
• Support
• Withdraw
• Fail,stopworking
• Demand
• Cancel
• Take care of
• Hate,despise
• Save
• Postpone
• Begin
• start

5. FILL IN THE BLANKS
• Atleastonepersonis---------------by a caronourroad everymonth.
• Rundown
• The boardattherationshopannounced,”we have------------- rice.
• Runoutof
• “I havepreparedmy chemistrylessons,”saidNina,butletme-------- the
equationsagain.
• Runover

6. • In the --------------to the elections, some of the candidates dropped out of the race.
• Ran through
• Thecar -------- the boybut heescaped unhurt.
• Ran over
• Thepoliceman --------- the thief buthe escaped.
• Ran away.
• Thegirl -------carrying the basket with her.
• Ran down

7. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH APPROPRIATEPHRASALVERBS
• (break in,breakdown, breakout, break throughbreak up).
• Thebus -------on the way dueto some mechanical problem and wehad to walkall the way.
• Broke down
• Whenthe USSR-------in1992,the formerRepublics formed theCommonwealth of IndependentStates.
• Broke up
• Thoughthe enemy’s defence were strong, our soldiers-------them
• Broke through.
• Whenthe inmates were away, the burglars------.
• Broke in
• Thesecond world war that --------in 1939came to anend in 1945when theUSAdropped two atom bombs
each onNagasaki and Hiroshima inJapan.

8. REWRITE THE FOLLOWINGSENTENCES SUBSTITUTING THE
BOLD LETTERED WORDS WITH THE PHRASAL VERBS GIVEN
• (wipe out,call off,takeoff,switchon,seal off,puton.)
He removed his coatandrelaxedin anarmchair.
Tookoff
Sheworehernew dressforthebirthdayparty
Puton.
The earthquakecompletely destroyed all thehousesin thecity.
Wipedout
The police blocked allthe exit pointsof thecity,afteragang ofrobbershadlooteda jewellery shop.
Sealedoff.
Afteranagreement wasreached,theworkersdiscontinuedtheir strike.
Called off

9. USE ONE WORD FOR THE PHRASAL VERBS
• 1.He put on a gray shirt and black pants.
• 2. We called on my cousin in Vellore on our way back home.
• 3.The boy scoutsset out on a trip to the jungle.
• 4. The farmers revolt was put down by the police.
• 5. The rains had set in.

10. MAKE SENTENCE OF YOUR WITH THE PHRASAL VERB
• Set out
• He set outto work.
• Get off
• It is verydifficult to get off from the crowded bus.
• Turn off
• Please turn off the TV.
• Do over
• Myteacher askedme to dooverthe assignment.

11. • Gaveup
• My friend gave up smoking.
• Make up
• You havewasted the time. How are you going to makeit up.
• Fill up
• Fill upthe bottle with water.
• Tryon
• Tryon the shoes and seeif it fits.
• Hang on
• Theteam hang onfor victory.

12. • Back out--- withdraw
• Thecandidate lost confidence and backedout.
• Break down- fail, stop working
• Thecar broke down neara village.
• Call for –demand
• Thesituation called for an immediate action.
• Call off –cancel
• Thestrike was called off.
• Look after –take careof
• Who will look after your child if you go to work?

13. • Lookdown–hate,despise
• Shelookeddowntheboy’sproposal.
• Putby–save
• We mustputbysomemoneyeverymonth
• Putoff–postpone
• Hekeepsputtingoffvisitinghisparents.
• Setin–begin
• Themonsoonseemedtohave setin.
• Setout–start
• Theysetouttowork.

14. PREPOSITIONALPHRASE
• A prepositional phrase willbegin with a preposition and end with a
noun, pronoun, gerund, or clause, the object of the preposition.
• A prepositional phrase willfunction as anadjective or adverb
• Prepositional phrase will never form the subject of a sentence.

15. UNDER LINE THE PREPOSITIONALPHRASES.
• Radar helpsindistress.
• Indistress.
• Air planecanflythroughstorms.
• Throughstorms.
• Theycanlandindarkness.
• In darkness.
• Theteachertreat thechildrenwithkindness.
• Withkindness.

16. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH PHRASE PREPOSITION
• Heshouted---hisvoice(atthebackof,atthetopof).
• Atthetopof.
• Pleasget-----fromhere.(atthefar end,away from).
• Awayfrom.
• Thecar hitthebikemoving----it.(farbehindit,infrontof).
• Infrontof.
• Thechildwas walking----- hismother(bythesideof,onthetopof.)

17. CHOOSE THE RIGHT PHRASAL VERBS
• (passed away, got away, called off, broke into, gave away
).
• The workers ------- the strike.
• Called off.
• The thief ---- with the booty.
• Broke into
• Sheela ------- her grief.
• Got away.
• The president ------ prizes.
• Gave away.

18. IN THE FOLLOWING SENTNCES A WORD /PHRASE IN
BRACKETS CAN BE USED INSTEAD OF THE PHRASE
UNDERLINED
• Mr.Rameshtookthisbolddecision withouttheinfluenceofothers
• Independently.
• TheAmericantroopsshotdead Osama BinLadan atAbbotabadwhichisnot
far awayfromIsalamabad.
• Nearto.
• Vadivelu’scomediesare likedbythosewhoare youngas wellas old.
• All.
• Gettinga passinthisEnglishExamisnotaneasythingtodo.
• Dificult.

19. THANK YOU
S. RAJENDRAN