2. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• No punctuation is used in a basic parenthetical
citation, consisting of a number or of an author’s last
name and a number.
• When parenthetical citation are more complex, they
must be punctuated for clarity.
• Citation of multiple source in a single parenthesis are
separated by semicolons.
3. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• For instance:
(Baron 194; jacobs 55)
• Citations of different locations in a single source are
separated by commas.
• For Example:
(Baron 194, 200,197-98)
4. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• In a citation of multiple works by the same author,
the titles are joined by and if there are two;
otherwise, they are listed with commas and and.
• For instance:
(Gluck, “Ersatz Thought” and “For”)
BY
R.VINODHINI M.A.,P.G.D.C.A
5. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• Your explanation of how you altered a quotation is
separated from the citation by a semicolon.
• For Instance:
(Baron 194; my emphasis)
(29; 1st ellipsis in original)
6. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• If the number in a citation is not a page number or
line number, it is usually preceded by a label
identifying the type of part that is numbered.
• A comma separated such a reference from the
author’s name;
(Chan, par. 41)
(Rowley, ch. 2)
7. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• In a citation of commonly studied literature, a
semicolon separated a page number from other part
references.
• The other part reference are separated by a commas.
(185; ch. 13, sec.2)
8. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• When a quotation from a non-English work is given
bilingually, a parenthesis may begin with the
translation or the original version and continue with
the sources of the two version.
• All these elements are separated by semicolons.
At the opening of Dante’s Inferno, the poet finds
himself in “una selva osscura”
(“a dark wood”; 1.2; Ciardi 28).
9. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• If a parenthetical citation falls in the same place in
your text as another kind of parenthesis, do not put
the two parenthesis side by side.
• Instead, enclose both pieces of information in a
single parenthesis, placing the more immediately
relevant one first and enclosing the other in square
brackets.
10. PUNCTUATION IN THE IN-TEXT
CITATION
• For instance:
In The American Presidency, Sidney M. Milkis and
Michael Nelson describe how “the great promise
of the personal presidency was widely celebrated”
during Kennedy’s time in office-a mere thousand
days (20 January 1961- 22 November 1963[325]).