Philippine theater has developed through different historical periods and taken various forms. It originated from indigenous rituals and traditions performed for important life events. During Spanish colonial rule from 1565 to 1898, friars used theater as a tool for Christianization. Various forms were introduced including moro-moro plays depicting Christian-Moorish royalty. Under American rule from 1901 to 1946, Western plays in English and Filipino emerged along with original modern plays. Contemporary Philippine theater encompasses diverse forms like children's theater, musical theater, and political theater. Productions involve elements like scripts, direction, sets, costumes, lighting, and acting.

1. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
PHILIPPINE THEATER
An Ocean of Emotions

2. Philippine Theater
Philippine theater is the sum total of
mimetic performances developed and
presented through history on occasions
and for purposes determined by social
purpose and need.

3. HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF
PHILIPPINE THEATER
INDIGENOUS THEATRE
The rituals, dances, and customs which are
still performed with urgency and vitality by
the different cultural communities that
comprise about 5% of the country’s
population are held or performed, together
or separately, on the various occasions a
person’s birth, baptism, circumcision, initial
menstruation, death or for the celebration of
tribal activities like hunting, fishing and
harvesting.

4. HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF
PHILIPPINE THEATER
SPANISH COLONIAL THEATRE
In the three centuries of Spanish rule from
1565 to 1898, the Spanish colonizers,
specifically the friars, showed a keen
awareness of the power of the theater both
as a tool for the Christianization of the
natives and as a magnet to attract the latter
to the Pueblo which constituted the
foundation of Spanish empire in the
archipelago

5. HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF
PHILIPPINE THEATER
SPANISH COLONIAL TRADITION
The Spanish colonial period lasted from 1965,
when Legaspi arrived in Cebu, to 1898 when
Aguinaldo declared Philippine Independence in
Kawit, Cavite. During this 333- year reign, the
Spanish government introduced into the islands
the Catholic religion and the Spanish way of life,
which gradually merged with the indigenous
culture to form that “ Lowland Folk Culture”
shared by the major ethnololinguistics groups,
like Ibanag, Pangasinan, Ilonggo and Cuyunan.

6. HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF
PHILIPPINE THEATER
AMERICAN COLONIAL AND
CONTEMPORARY TRADITION
Short as it was, the American Colonial
regime from 1901 to 1946 had a profound
effect on the 20th century Philippine
Theater, first in form and latter in
philosophy. This influence is seen in the
Philippine bodabil (French Vaudeville),
the western plays presented in English or in
Filipino and the original modern plays
written by contemporary play wrights.
.

7. Forms and Types
of Philippine
Theater

8. CHILDREN’S
THEATER
may refer to plays
with children as
actors; or plays
performed by adults
for children

9. DRAMATIC
MONOLOGUE
a kind of modern play
which features one actor
speaking and acting out
his of her innermost
thoughts and emotions
as the main character of
the play.

10. DULA-TULA
literally “play- poem,”
refers to a minimalist
form of theater
developed in the early
1970s by UP Repertory.

12. HULING
HAPUNAN
actual supper held to
commemorate
Christ’s last
supper.

13. FLORES
refer to the whole
flower festival
celebrated in the
month of May in
honor of the Virgin
Mary.

14. HUDAS
refers to the ritual
burning of effigy of
Judas held on Black
Saturday.

15. KOMEDYA
is a play which
dramatizes actual
events, the lives
about Christians and
Moorish Royalty.

16. MUSICAL
THEATER
refer to plays which
music is an integral
part.

17. PAGHUHUGAS
NG PAA
dramatizes the episode in
New Testament where
Christ after the Last
Supper, washes the feet
of His 12 Apostles.

18. PANGANGALULUWA
refer to the custom that is
performed late in the
night of All Saint’s Day
where male and female
carolers go from house
to house impersonating
ghosts.

19. PANUNULUYAN
dramatizes the search for
an inn by Mary and
Joseph on Christmas
eve in Bethlehem.

20. SALUBONG
dramatizes the meeting of
the grieving Mary and
Christ.

21. SENAKULO
dramatizes the history of
Salvation.

22. POLITICAL THEATER
to change or improve
existing systems of
Government

23. ASPECTS OF
PRODUCTION

24. SET
refers to the scenery and properties of
the physical context created for a
theater performance includes the
setting.

25. DIRECTING
refers to the over-all supervision and
coordination of the elements of
theatrical production, including acting
and the design of sets, props,
costumes, lights and sounds.

26. SCRIPT
or play script is the text of the play.

27. TRAINING
is done in workshops, seminars, training
programs, and academic programs.

28. LIGHTING
in theater involves the use of lights and
other related equipment for the
purpose of illuminating the stage,
creating atmosphere and mood, and
highlighting character and action.

29. ACTING
is the art of representing a character.

30. MUSIC
in theater includes background music.

31. COSTUME
for the theater refers to the distinctive
clothes used by an actor in order to
authenticate a role in a performance

32. AWARDS
Awards refer to the forms of recognition
to the achievements in theater.
Grants refer to venues or funds given
to theater artists to support or finance
all kinds of theatrical work.

33. CRITICISM
is the written valuation of the texts and
of the theater performances by
informed and schooled critics.

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