Patient medication adherence, Medication adherence, Causes of medication non-adherence, Problems linked with Medication Non-adherence, Factors affecting medication adherence, Patient related factors, Social and Economic factor, Disease related factor, Health care provider related factors, Therapy related factors, pharmacist role in the medication adherence, role of pharmacist in the medication adherence, monitoring of patient medication adherence, Direct method, Indirect method
2. DEFINITION
The extent to which patients take medications as
prescribed by physician.
OR
The extent to which patient correctly follows medical
advice.
OR
As per WHO "the degree to which the person's behavior
corresponds with the agreed recommendations from a
health care provider."
Prof.K.K.Zambare
3. CAUSES OF MEDICATION NON-ADHERENCE
Intentionally non-adherence to medication
Intentionally the patient deviates from the treatment
regimen
Unintentional non-adherence to medication
Due to carelessness
Due to Forgetfulness
High cost of medicine
Late repurchase of medicines
Prof.K.K.Zambare
4. PROBLEMS LINKED WITH MEDICATION NON-
ADHERENCE
Therapeutic failure
Increased exposure to toxicological effects of drugs
Recurrence of disease
Unable to cure disease and disease progression
Leads to complications of disease
Economic lost to patient
Low quality of life
Patients death
Prof.K.K.Zambare
5. FACTORS AFFECTING MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Patient related factors
Income
Literacy
Age of patient
Gender
Knowledge of disease
Severity of disease
Marital status
Attitude for treatment
Efficiency of therapy
Therapeutic Regimen
Anxiety
Anger
ADR
Disability
Unable to swallow
Stress
Fear of ADR/ Dependence
Prof.K.K.Zambare
6. FACTORS AFFECTING MEDICATION ADHERENCE
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTOR
o Busy schedule
o Less access to health
facility
o Low access to
Pharmacy
o Less health literacy
o Lack of family and
social support
o Cultural belief about
disease
Prof.K.K.Zambare
7. FACTORS AFFECTING MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Disease related factor
o Less symptoms of severity
o No symptom or disappearance of symptom
o Psychological diseases
Prof.K.K.Zambare
8. FACTORS AFFECTING MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Relationship with
provider
Poor communication
Poor understanding
Busy schedule
Waiting period
o Lack of continuous care
o Lack of Knowledge
o Missing appointments
Health care provider related factors
Prof.K.K.Zambare
9. FACTORS AFFECTING MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Therapy related factors
Number of doses
Duration of therapy
Frequent changes in drugs
Lack of Immediate relief
ADR/Side effect
Prof.K.K.Zambare
10. PHARMACIST ROLE IN THE MEDICATION ADHERENCE
o Communication should be good with any patient
o Help the patient education
o Talk friendly to patients
o Always remain approachable to patients
o Ease the patients to talk about their disease
without hesitation
Prof.K.K.Zambare
11. PHARMACIST ROLE IN THE MEDICATION ADHERENCE
o Create awareness about the disease to patients
o Listen carefully the problem of patients
o Explain properly disease condition
o Explain the therapeutic regimen
o Keep an eye on ADR and Side effects
o Check the understanding of patient
Prof.K.K.Zambare
12. PHARMACIST ROLE IN THE MEDICATION ADHERENCE
o Monitor effectiveness of therapy
o Always communicate in same language
o Take account of psychological state and
spiritual need of patient
o Good communication between Pharmacist -
Physician and Pharmacist-Patient
Prof.K.K.Zambare
13. MONITORING OF PATIENT MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Direct method
Directly observe the treatment
Measure the concentration of drug in blood or
metabolite in urine
Drawback
Expensive
Patient hide drug in mouth
Altered metabolism
Prof.K.K.Zambare
14. MONITORING OF PATIENT MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Indirect method
Count the medicine
(Tablet/Capsule)
Questionnaires for patients
Refill rates of Prescription
Measure Pharmacological
response
Electronic medication
monitor
Drawbacks
Expensive
Patient may lie
Response may be
change due to various
factors
Prof.K.K.Zambare
15. MONITORING OF PATIENT MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Medication event Monitoring system
Easy method
It records date and time of medication intake
Bottles are fitted with microprocessor embedded
technology in cap
Drawback
Patient may manipulate the regimen (Open bottle so
many times, may take excess dose)
Expensive
Inaccurate
Prof.K.K.Zambare