The document explores two main problems: the physics of falling objects affected by drag forces, particularly related to particles from rain, forest fires, and nuclear detonation, and the challenges of sailing towards an island against the wind. It also discusses corporate social responsibility, particularly focusing on Apple Inc.'s initiatives and impacts on society and the environment. The analysis underscores the importance of businesses acting ethically for societal benefit, alongside technical assessments of physical phenomena.

1. Ph2A Win 2020 Homework Project No.3
Max Yuen
March 2020
Problem 1: It’s raining . . .
Objects falling through the atmosphere will experience drag
forces. In this exercise, you will
discover why smoke and ash take a long time to settle, why
clouds seem to float, why rain falls,
etc. In this exercise, we will use the drag model and assume
spherical particles so CD = 0.47. The
density of air is 1.2kg/m3, approximately.
A) The diameter of a typical rain drop is on the order of 0.5mm
to 8.0mm. Use the drag model
to find out how long for a drop of water to fall 1 meter in the
sky. The density of water is about
1.00g/cc (hint: compute the terminal velocity and use it to find
out the time to fall 1 meter. Do
this for 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 2.0mm)
B) When there’s a forest fire or a volcano erupts, a lot of small
particles are thrusted into the
atmosphere. These particles will reach terminal velocity rapidly
and there are several categories.
They are denoted as PM50, PM2.5, etc. The number after PM is
the particle size in micrometers.
PM2.5 means 2.5 micrometers or smaller. This is a dangerous
category and can make people sick.
Compute the time it takes for these particles to fall from an

2. initial height of about 9km. The range
of densities of the lighter particles is from 0.7g/cc to 2.45g/cc.
C) When a nuclear weapon detonates, the particles generated in
the fall out can be as small as
10nm. How long will a sphere of Iodine-131 of diameter 10 nm,
100 nm, 1.0 micron, 20 microns
stay in the air if the "air burst" put the particles at an initial
height of 20km? What if you had
strong winds that "carried" the particles say at 20mph in the
horizontal direction. How much area
would the ash cover? Assume the density of Iodine to be about
4.9g/cc.
1
Problem 2: Sailboat
You are sailing on the open sea, but you see an island in front
of you. You’d like to explore it, but
the wind is blowing directly from the island toward you! If you
point your sails so that it catches
the maximum wind force, you will be pushed away from the
island. How can you get to the island?
HINT: Google search: Points of Sail. A diagram of a sailboat is
shown below.
Sail
Mast
Boom
Boat

3. Wind
Heading Force
KeelRudder
Sail Jib
Mast
Boom Keel
Keel Force
Sail Force
Figure 1: Diagram showing a typical sailboat with various
components. The jib and sail convert
wind energy into a force that pushes the mast. The mast couples
the force to the boat body. The
keel is in the water and keeps the boat going along the long
direction. The rudder helps steer the
boat. The force diagram shows how the forces act to produce the
heading force, which moves the
ship forward.
2
Running head: GOVERNMENT PAPER
1
GOVERNMENT PAPER
3
Social Responsibility

4. YaMika S. Thomas
Columbia Southern University
3/27/2020
Social Responsibility
Social responsibility is an ethical theory whereby individuals
and corporate entities strive to fulfill their civic duty. In other
words, the actions of individuals and business organizations
must have a beneficial effect on society as a whole. Business
organizations, rather than searching for high-profit margins,
need to focus on social responsibility
. Being socially responsible contributes to a company’s survival
in the modern dynamic business environment (Leonard &
Shoenberger, 2019). Social responsibility dictates that a
company must validate its actions or decisions before
proceeding. However, if a company’s operations or decisions
cause harm to the environment or society as a whole, they
would amount to social irresponsibility. Several business
organizations are increasingly becoming socially responsible.
One of them is Apple Inc. This paper provides the company’s
overview, its corporate social initiative, the concept and
application of social responsibility, the benefits of social
responsibility, the four Is of nonmarket environment, nonmarket
influences on Apple Inc., and the impact of nonmarket forces on
the company.
Apple Inc. is the most significant global software company in
the world
. The organization is based in Cupertino, , California. The tech
company designs, creates, and markets consumer products
including cell phones, laptops, computer software
, and provides online services. Apple Inc. is among the world's
best
corporate social programs. For example,
the company supports local communities in different ways. In
2011, Apple initiated a worldwide charitable initiative and
aimed to empower the staff to volunteer in local communities

5. (Dudovskiy, 2019). Under this program, workers of the
organization are free to select a project to contribute to their
local communities. The company is raising funds to respond to
natural disasters elsewhere. The company, for example, raised
two million dollars to support Hurricane Irma victims in Puerto
Rico.
Apple Inc. also educates and empowers its employees. The tech
giant has supported education programs for more than three and
a half million suppliers and employees since 2008 (Dudovskiy,
2019). Elsewhere, the tech giant launched a health clinic for its
employees and their families. The business has also been
acknowledged as a powerful advocate of diversity in the
workplace. Historically underrepresented groups such as
women, African Americans, Native Americans, Native
Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders picked 50% of their new hires
in 2018
. The organization has also been lauded for its sustainability
measures, for example, raising its energy
consumption by 57%.
The concept of social responsibility is an ethical framework
which suggests that corporate entities have an obligation to act
in the best interests of society. Social responsibility is a duty
that every business organization and individuals must perform
to achieve a balance between the economy and the ecosystem.
Social responsibility empowers the employees of an
organization to take advantage of corporate resources at their
disposal to do good for the benefit of
society. The concept of social responsibility is applied by
business organizations when addressing the interests of all
market participants by meeting the various needs or
expectations of various interest groups. As such, they provide
goods that meet the needs of different entities in the
environment.
Social responsibilities benefit business organizations and their
stakeholders in different ways. For example, social

6. responsibility improves employee satisfaction. When employees
are allowed to participate in community work, or to volunteer in
their communities, a sense of community is established within
the organization (Russel, 2018). Elsewhere, social responsibility
increases the public image of an organization. Companies that
demonstrate social responsibility gain exposure and praise, thus
raising their brand reputation. Consumers feel good when they
buy products from companies that support their community
.
The four Is of nonmarket environments applicable to Apple Inc.
are issues, interests, institutions, and information. The
nonmarket environment of Apple Inc. is formed by interacting
with other enterprises and society on social, political, and legal
arrangements. The company’s issues are labor safety and
stakeholder management, among others. Its interests are fair
competition with others to protect its survival. On the other
hand, Apple’s institutions are government entities and
nongovernment institutions, such as the media that affect the
operations of the company. Finally needs information to know
the relationship between its actions and their associated
consequences.
Apple Inc. has several nonmarket influences. For example,
environmental sustainability is an issue that has caused the
company to cut its energy consumption by fifty-seven percent.
The health and safety of its workers and customers have forced
the company to ban some suppliers of minerals from its supply
chain for failing to pass the examination on human rights
(Russel, 2018). Corporate social responsibility and foreign trade
policies continue to affect any company with a global presence
in other countries
.
Nonmarket actions have adverse effects on every business
organization. For example, Apple Inc. has been impacted by the
global demand for companies to embrace environmental
sustainability. Elsewhere, legal and regulatory requirements

7. have caused the company to invest heavily in ensuring that all
its practices comply with industry regulations as well as the
statutory regulations of countries in which it operates
.
In summary, social responsibility is a concept that dictates that
every business organization must act in a manner that benefits
society as a whole. Apple Inc. is one of the companies that have
taken social responsibility seriously by ensuring that its energy
consumption is reduced significantly
.
References
Dudovskiy, J. (2019). Apple corporate social responsibility
(CSR). Research Methodology. https://research-
methodology.net/apple-corporate-social-responsibility-csr/
Leonard, K., (2019, February 12). Four Types of Corporate
Social Responsibility. Small Business - Chron.com. Retrieved
from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/four-types-corporate-
social-responsibility-54662.html
Russel, K. (2018). Why CSR: Four benefits of corporate social
responsibility. Fronetics
. https://www.fronetics.com/csr-four-benefits-corporate-social-
responsibility/
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Ph2A Win 2020 Homework Project No.2
Max Yuen
Feb 2020
Problem 1: Armageddon Part I: Year 2320
An asteroid is on an impact course to strike the earth! A piece
broke off and is traveling toward
your favorite coastal city (insert name of city here). Initial
calculations show that the object will
strike at a angle of inclination of 60 degrees with a terminal
speed of 10000m/s. The trajectory is
nearly straight. You have been tasked to save the city. You need
to devise a plan to intercept it.
You have 10 hours before the asteroid enters the stratosphere (
50km above ground). Here are a
few choices. Discuss each one.
1. Use the Rail Gun, but you’ll need to hit it a few times. It
takes about 6 seconds to reload
and fire again. Likely it will need at least 3 shots. This will be

10. fired from a naval destroyer
about 10km offshore. Muzzle velocity is 4.3 km/s. Do you need
more ships? Just ask or
negotiate with your favorite allies.
2. Use an ICBM tipped with some high explosives (or a low
yield nuclear device) to intercept
the object in outer space. The initial boost stage will put the
rocket at about 150km from
the surface of the earth with about 7km/s speed. Luckily, you
can fire this from a submarine.
It’s ready to go in 30 minutes. Just say the word.
3. Evacuate the city now. There’s no hope! Why didn’t they see
it sooner? It was behind the
moon and just emerged with less than 10 hours for the anyone to
react.
4. That’s just the small piece. Stay tuned for part II.
1
Problem 2: Mystery of Test Flight SB530
You have been tasked to investigate the tragic accident of Test
Flight SB530, which is an unmanned
self-piloting aircraft. There are two theories surrounding the
circumstances of this accident. Some
say it’s software malfunction and the plane simply crashed.
Others say it exploded in mid-air, but
don’t know why. All we know is that the radio communication
with plane was lost somewhere over
the Mojave Desert moments before the plane went down. Here’s
what we know:

11. 1. The plane was about 10.4 km above the desert heading due
North, bearing 31.5 degrees.
(31.5 degrees measured from North.)
2. The plane was cruising at this altitude at 560mph before all
communications was lost.
3. A debris field was found with many pieces scattered around.
The center of the debris field
was located at about 5 to 8 km from the last known location of
the plane.
4. The radius of the debris field is the curious anomaly. It’s
much larger than you expected.
You must now make two estimations.
1. CASE 1: The plane exploded after it hit the ground, sending
the parts flying from a single
point of impact in all directions. You assume that average speed
of the flying parts is about
400-500m/s, and can be shot out in any direction out of the
ground.
2. CASE 2: The plane exploded in mid-air. The parts again are
flying all over the place but
you include the initial velocity of the plane.
Estimate the size of the debris field and make a comment about
what might have happened? Note
that you will not need to use air resistance or drag, so your
estimates are much larger than it would
be. The trend, however, is the important idea here.
2