Ph d prez
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This document proposes a doctoral dissertation that will analyze the role of the Trickster archetype in popular UK tabloid newspapers. The dissertation will use analytical psychology concepts from Jung and other theorists to examine how tabloid journalism functions to communicate meaning and narratives to millions of readers. Through textual analysis of tabloid stories and interviews, the dissertation will explore how the Trickster archetype illuminates the societal and psychological role of tabloid media.
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This essay argues that today’s journalism studies stick too much to a traditional concept of man and society and therefore to a too confined idea of what journalism is, could be and should be. The starting point is a discussion about the new course of the most important quality newspaper of the Netherlands, NRC Handelsblad. Its critics equalize this new course with popular (also called soft, lifestyle or human interest) journalism and even with tabloidization, which in its turn is traditionally seen as the opposite of quality journalism. But popular journalism is not only a very vague term but also a segment of the journalistic field that is poorly analysed. Although this recently seems to be changing, as is shown by the Cardiff 2013 conference on the future of the profession, most journalism scholars still stay away from it. After having given some reasons for this neglect, this essay argues that we have no choice but changing our focus, even if we go on thinking about popular journalism as just ‘garbage’ – a view the author doesn’t support, the term is used as a honorary nickname or what is called in Dutch a Geuzennaam.1 The most important reason for this necessity is simple: the growth of popular journalism is unstoppable if only because of the invasion of non- professionals in the field. However, there is another and perhaps more interesting case to be made for popular journalism: the changing characteristics of our society in which the care for politics in the narrow sense of the term (developments concerning the state) is every day less important than the care for politics in the broad and original sense of the term (developments concerning society & the self). Although the analysis of the last phase of modernity so far leads to little more than debate and confusion, there seems to be no doubt about its consequences for media and journalism. Popular journalism, to put it shortly, is more than ever a part of our world. Neglecting it is like closing one’s eyes. By doing so journalism studies manoeuvre itself in an undesirable position.
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1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that mass media can directly influence large groups of people uniformly by delivering targeted messages to trigger desired responses. An example was the 1938 "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast that caused a panic.
2) The Inoculation Theory proposes that exposing people to weak arguments beforehand makes them more resistant to stronger persuasive messages later.
3) The Two Step Theory argues that media information moves in two stages - first to opinion leaders who then pass on their own interpretations to influence others they are similar to.
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Audience theory 15th dec 2010
This is the ppt used in the lesson on Wednesday 15th December. If you were absent, you need to read through and make notes.
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This essay argues that today’s journalism studies stick too much to a traditional concept of man and society and therefore to a too confined idea of what journalism is, could be and should be. The starting point is a discussion about the new course of the most important quality newspaper of the Netherlands, NRC Handelsblad. Its critics equalize this new course with popular (also called soft, lifestyle or human interest) journalism and even with tabloidization, which in its turn is traditionally seen as the opposite of quality journalism. But popular journalism is not only a very vague term but also a segment of the journalistic field that is poorly analysed. Although this recently seems to be changing, as is shown by the Cardiff 2013 conference on the future of the profession, most journalism scholars still stay away from it. After having given some reasons for this neglect, this essay argues that we have no choice but changing our focus, even if we go on thinking about popular journalism as just ‘garbage’ – a view the author doesn’t support, the term is used as a honorary nickname or what is called in Dutch a Geuzennaam.1 The most important reason for this necessity is simple: the growth of popular journalism is unstoppable if only because of the invasion of non- professionals in the field. However, there is another and perhaps more interesting case to be made for popular journalism: the changing characteristics of our society in which the care for politics in the narrow sense of the term (developments concerning the state) is every day less important than the care for politics in the broad and original sense of the term (developments concerning society & the self). Although the analysis of the last phase of modernity so far leads to little more than debate and confusion, there seems to be no doubt about its consequences for media and journalism. Popular journalism, to put it shortly, is more than ever a part of our world. Neglecting it is like closing one’s eyes. By doing so journalism studies manoeuvre itself in an undesirable position.
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The document summarizes several media theories:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that mass media can directly influence large groups of people uniformly by delivering targeted messages to trigger desired responses. An example was the 1938 "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast that caused a panic.
2) The Inoculation Theory proposes that exposing people to weak arguments beforehand makes them more resistant to stronger persuasive messages later.
3) The Two Step Theory argues that media information moves in two stages - first to opinion leaders who then pass on their own interpretations to influence others they are similar to.
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This document examines whether NGOs can perform journalism. It outlines two arguments - that NGOs expand journalism by providing credible reporting from new locations, but may also threaten media autonomy by turning news into advocacy. The author studies this issue through interviews, content analysis, and history. His findings show that from 1987 to 2013, two major NGOs, Amnesty and HRW, significantly increased their reporting, press releases, staff sizes, country coverage, and shaped reports around credible stories of violations, violators, and remedies. The document concludes that NGOs can expand journalism geographically but their reporting is guided by the need to credibly promote specific causal stories.
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Media Response #3: Impact of Media Violence
Resource
:
The 11 Myths of Media Violence
Text (Potter, 2003) .Chapter
Context:
Violent messages and images pervade our daily media experiences;
yet, there continues to be disagreement about the influence of those messages on individual outcomes and societal norms.
James Potter’s
The 11 Myths of Media Violence
will serve as the historical foundation for our exploration of this issue; he suggests that there are numerous stakeholders (i.e., media producers, the public, researchers, and policymakers) who contribute to the conflictual discourse surrounding effects of media violence. Our goal is to develop a more complete and flexible understanding of this complex issue.
Writing Task
:
The term “myth” can be defined as a widely held (but false) belief or idea. Your task is to analyze your assigned myth by:
(1)
summarizing the key points of your myth,
(2)
explaining whether the information presented in your chapter dispels (resolves) the myth, and
(3)
voicing your opinion about whether media violence influences real-life behavior, affect, and cognition.
Requirements/Guidelines
:
Please attend both classes of myth discussion (your presentation and those of your classmates.)
Paper should be approximately 3 pages, double spaced; APA style citations and a reference page is required; the 4
th
page should be your reference page.
Potter Text Reference:
Potter, W.J. (2003).
The 11 myths of media violence
. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
In-text Citation Styles:
Please provide a general introduction to your paper; you should cite Potter’s work as such, (Potter, 2003), in that paragraph. Because you are summarizing his myths, you do not need to cite Potter again in your paper unless you are using direct quotes from him, which should be cited as such: (Potter, 2003, p. xx).
Other Style Issues: If you use material beyond Potter’s text, you need to include those references and in-text citations where appropriate.
.
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9392 Literary Journalism Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1, Spring 2018.docx
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Heinrich Vogeler (1872–1942), Sehnsucht (Nostalgia), c. 1900, Künstlerkolonie (Artist’s
Colony) Worpswede. Wikimedia Commons, 2011.
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Journalism
Lindsay Morton
Avondale College, Australia
Abstract: Despite a range of scholars, media ethicists, and practitioners
claiming its centrality to journalistic practice, the role of the imagination in
literary journalism is somewhat ambiguous and, consequently, often misun-
derstood. This is arguably due to the ambivalent relationship scholars and
philosophers have historically had with this powerful mental faculty and
the close connection between the imagination, invention, and the writing
of fiction. As this essay argues, however, invention and imagination are not
synonymous; indeed, according to epistemologist Lorraine Code, reason
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understanding of the role of the imagination and continues by offering an
initial investigation into a range of ways such an understanding can impact
literary journalistic practice. Some of the areas discussed include: time, im-
mersion, emplotment, and the relationship between knowledge and under-
standing. The study also suggests that the imagination has an ethical role
to play in the construction of literary journalism, arguing that imaginative
projection should not be thought of as a fanciful invention, but rather as
an epistemological and moral exercise that recognizes the potential radical
difference of experience between practitioner and subject. Thus, the explo-
ration finds that the imagination is indeed a key component of literary
journalistic practice and further proposes that practitioners and theorists
alike can benefit from a deeper understanding of its role in the representa-
tion of reality.
Keywords: imagination – literary journalism – representation – objectivity
– responsibility and reliability
IMAGINATION 9594 Literary Journalism Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1, Spring 2018
of knowing the world. He draws on sociological and philosophical traditions
to highlight the imagination’s dual role of forming and organizing images,
defining journalism as “a cultural practice, a section or part of the modern
Imagination that in its broadest and most comprehensive sense includes all
the devices we use to form consciousness.”9 In this way, journalism is an in-
vention: a thought experiment realized, normalized, and sanctioned through
systematic methodological approaches. Adam proposes that the journalis-
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world and way of organizing that experience—and collectively, as a cultural
form of expression comparable to other art forms.10 Framin.
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The document discusses two opposing views on the role of media in society: the Marxist view and the liberal-pluralist view. The Marxist view is that media maintains the existing state of affairs, while the liberal-pluralist view is that media promotes freedom of speech. The document then provides more details on these two perspectives and examples related to media in South Africa and globally.
Audience theories
The three views of audiences according to Stuart Hall are:
1. The reflective view - The audience passively accepts the preferred meaning encoded by the media producer.
2. The intentional view - The media producer encodes the meaning into the media text and the audience decodes it as intended.
3. The constructionist view - The audience plays an active role in determining the meaning. The audience does not just accept the preferred meaning but can negotiate or oppose the meaning based on their own experiences and point of view.
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Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through structured stories. It views narratives as having a beginning, middle, and end that establishes causal relationships between events. Theorists like Propp, Barthes, and Levi-Strauss broke down narratives into character types, codes, and symbolic oppositions to understand how they reflect cultural values. Genre theory categorizes media texts based on shared conventions and helps audiences understand and engage with different types of texts. While genres provide structure, they can also constrain creativity, so theorists debate whether pure genres still exist or if they are evolving through hybridization.
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This document provides an overview of newspapers and different types of journalism. It begins with a quote about how people interact with newspapers. The document then lists various topics that will be covered in the chapter, including types of journalism, current newspaper statistics and issues, and how newspapers relate to democracy. It discusses declining newspaper readership and numbers of dailies. The role newspapers play in democracy is outlined, along with some criticisms. New forms of getting news like blogs and social media are mentioned. Finally, different types of journalism like yellow journalism, objective journalism, and interpretive journalism are defined.
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Karl Marx was a 19th century philosopher who developed the theory of Marxism. Marxist instrumental theory holds that mass media owners control media content to transmit a conservative ideology and maintain the status quo of capitalism. The media performs ideological functions like portraying the wealthy positively and spreading the myth of meritocracy. It also dismisses radical views and divides audiences. The audience is seen as passive and easily manipulated. There is historical evidence that media owners manipulated content, though critics argue audiences are active and media aims to make a profit, not spread narrow views.
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Media Response #3: Impact of Media Violence
Resource
:
The 11 Myths of Media Violence
Text (Potter, 2003) .Chapter
Context:
Violent messages and images pervade our daily media experiences;
yet, there continues to be disagreement about the influence of those messages on individual outcomes and societal norms.
James Potter’s
The 11 Myths of Media Violence
will serve as the historical foundation for our exploration of this issue; he suggests that there are numerous stakeholders (i.e., media producers, the public, researchers, and policymakers) who contribute to the conflictual discourse surrounding effects of media violence. Our goal is to develop a more complete and flexible understanding of this complex issue.
Writing Task
:
The term “myth” can be defined as a widely held (but false) belief or idea. Your task is to analyze your assigned myth by:
(1)
summarizing the key points of your myth,
(2)
explaining whether the information presented in your chapter dispels (resolves) the myth, and
(3)
voicing your opinion about whether media violence influences real-life behavior, affect, and cognition.
Requirements/Guidelines
:
Please attend both classes of myth discussion (your presentation and those of your classmates.)
Paper should be approximately 3 pages, double spaced; APA style citations and a reference page is required; the 4
th
page should be your reference page.
Potter Text Reference:
Potter, W.J. (2003).
The 11 myths of media violence
. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
In-text Citation Styles:
Please provide a general introduction to your paper; you should cite Potter’s work as such, (Potter, 2003), in that paragraph. Because you are summarizing his myths, you do not need to cite Potter again in your paper unless you are using direct quotes from him, which should be cited as such: (Potter, 2003, p. xx).
Other Style Issues: If you use material beyond Potter’s text, you need to include those references and in-text citations where appropriate.
.
Narrative theory
Narrative theory analyzes how media texts communicate meaning through structured stories. It views narrative as a chain of causally linked events with a beginning, middle, and end. Theorists like Branigan, Propp, and Barthes developed approaches to analyzing characteristics like character types, codes, and underlying cultural themes in narratives. More recent theorists examine how genres, postmodern narratives, and hybrid forms challenge traditional understandings of narrative structure. Narrative theory provides concepts to inform how meaning is constructed in media texts and genres help categorize texts for audiences, creators, and scholars.
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The article introduces the results of an empirical examination of journalistic role performance in Hungary. In reference to the “Journalistic Role Performance
Around the Globe” research project (led by Prof. Claudia Mellado from Pontificia
Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, in Chile and Lea Hellmueller, from Texas States
University, www.journalisticperformance.org), we attempt to discuss the main patterns of role performance in contemporary journalism in Hungary. The presence of
six models in news production (watchdog, disseminator-interventionist, civic, loyalfacilitator, service journalism, and infotainment) is investigated by conducting a quantitative content analysis of 1,087 news items published by the national desk of four
Hungarian broadsheets in 2012–2013.
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by David Croteau, William Hoynes.
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This document is a research portfolio containing analyses of news media. Section 1 analyzes the news cycle of three newspapers and finds they each have different agenda-setting approaches. Section 2 critiques a model of news values and argues time is a better determinant of newsworthiness. Section 3 examines framing in newspaper articles and finds sources influence framing. Section 4 analyzes sources used in articles and notes a tendency to rely on official sources over alternatives.
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This document provides an overview of frameworks for analyzing myths and their political, social, and economic dimensions. It discusses several thinkers that influenced the analysis of myths, including Barthes, Marx, Levi-Strauss, and Critical Theorists. The document proposes analyzing myths using a mixed-methods approach informed by these frameworks. It will apply Barthes' concept of myth as a semiotic structure to analyze Plato's Myth of Er and several television comedy programs to reveal their depictions of social class and the natural order.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts and readings for Week 1 of an anthropology course on the anthropology of media. It discusses how anthropologists have increasingly studied media and its role in cultural contexts over the past few decades. Some key points made include:
- Media shapes and is shaped by cultural practices and defies easy categorization or boundaries.
- Studying media has altered understandings of the relationship between the local and global.
- There is a renewed interest in studying Western media and how media circulates globally.
- The field has moved beyond just studying communication technologies to a broader anthropology of social mediation and how various processes circulate images and knowledge.
Authors And Poets Write The News
This article analyzes how the journalistic community in Israel interpreted and reacted to an experiment conducted by the newspaper Haaretz, in which authors and poets replaced regular reporters to produce news content for two special issues. Through interviews, surveys, and analyzing media coverage and reader responses, the study found that the journalistic community responded conservatively, framing the experiment as a "deviation" from real journalism that should be rejected. This conservative reaction suggests the journalistic community strongly protects familiar routines, which could endanger its ability to adapt to changes facing the industry.
9392 Literary Journalism Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1, Spring 2018.docx
9392 Literary Journalism Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1, Spring 2018
Heinrich Vogeler (1872–1942), Sehnsucht (Nostalgia), c. 1900, Künstlerkolonie (Artist’s
Colony) Worpswede. Wikimedia Commons, 2011.
The Role of Imagination in Literary
Journalism
Lindsay Morton
Avondale College, Australia
Abstract: Despite a range of scholars, media ethicists, and practitioners
claiming its centrality to journalistic practice, the role of the imagination in
literary journalism is somewhat ambiguous and, consequently, often misun-
derstood. This is arguably due to the ambivalent relationship scholars and
philosophers have historically had with this powerful mental faculty and
the close connection between the imagination, invention, and the writing
of fiction. As this essay argues, however, invention and imagination are not
synonymous; indeed, according to epistemologist Lorraine Code, reason
and imagination work together to produce narrative forms that are essential
for the characterization of human action. This inquiry begins with a brief
historical survey of the historical developments that inform a contemporary
understanding of the role of the imagination and continues by offering an
initial investigation into a range of ways such an understanding can impact
literary journalistic practice. Some of the areas discussed include: time, im-
mersion, emplotment, and the relationship between knowledge and under-
standing. The study also suggests that the imagination has an ethical role
to play in the construction of literary journalism, arguing that imaginative
projection should not be thought of as a fanciful invention, but rather as
an epistemological and moral exercise that recognizes the potential radical
difference of experience between practitioner and subject. Thus, the explo-
ration finds that the imagination is indeed a key component of literary
journalistic practice and further proposes that practitioners and theorists
alike can benefit from a deeper understanding of its role in the representa-
tion of reality.
Keywords: imagination – literary journalism – representation – objectivity
– responsibility and reliability
IMAGINATION 9594 Literary Journalism Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1, Spring 2018
of knowing the world. He draws on sociological and philosophical traditions
to highlight the imagination’s dual role of forming and organizing images,
defining journalism as “a cultural practice, a section or part of the modern
Imagination that in its broadest and most comprehensive sense includes all
the devices we use to form consciousness.”9 In this way, journalism is an in-
vention: a thought experiment realized, normalized, and sanctioned through
systematic methodological approaches. Adam proposes that the journalis-
tic imagination resides in individuals—in their subjective experience of the
world and way of organizing that experience—and collectively, as a cultural
form of expression comparable to other art forms.10 Framin.
Agenda setting
The document summarizes the agenda-setting theory of mass media proposed by Walter Lippmann and empirically tested by McCombs and Shaw in 1972. Their study in North Carolina found a strong relationship between the issues given priority in media coverage and those issues the public considered most important, supporting the theory that the media agenda influences the public agenda. This marked the beginning of recognizing the media's ability to shape public perceptions of what issues are most salient.
Deuze 2005 What Is Journalism
This document summarizes an academic journal article about the changing nature of journalism's occupational ideology. The article operationalizes journalism's ideology into five core values: public service, objectivity, autonomy, immediacy, and universality. It analyzes how these values are challenged by developments in new media and increasing multiculturalism. The article argues journalism now means more than just informing people, as journalists reconsider their professional identity and ideology in light of cultural and technological changes.
Collective Journalism
Master thesis Philosophy (University of Amsterdam). A theory on the changing role of journalists and citizens in contemporary journalism, based on Bruno Latour's philosophy of science.
Basics of Journalism.pdf
This document provides an overview of the basics of journalism course offered by Pondicherry University. It discusses the learning objectives of the course, outlines the 5 units that will be covered, and provides brief descriptions of the topics within each unit. These include defining what constitutes news, the roles of reporters, editors and sub-editors, the art of headlines and layout, and advertising and copy editing. It also lists some suggested reading materials relevant to the subject. The document aims to equip students of the MA English program with fundamental knowledge of journalism practices.
Media Studies
The document discusses two opposing views on the role of media in society: the Marxist view and the liberal-pluralist view. The Marxist view is that media maintains the existing state of affairs, while the liberal-pluralist view is that media promotes freedom of speech. The document then provides more details on these two perspectives and examples related to media in South Africa and globally.
Audience theories
The three views of audiences according to Stuart Hall are:
1. The reflective view - The audience passively accepts the preferred meaning encoded by the media producer.
2. The intentional view - The media producer encodes the meaning into the media text and the audience decodes it as intended.
3. The constructionist view - The audience plays an active role in determining the meaning. The audience does not just accept the preferred meaning but can negotiate or oppose the meaning based on their own experiences and point of view.
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- 1. Mischief, myth and meaning in UK tabloid newspapers Can analytical psychology help society understand the Trickster function in popular journalism? Proposed doctoral dissertation of James Alan Anslow MA
- 2. Hermes the deified Trickster Journalists: communicators and makers of meaning My experience as news story teller My MA: news as myth: archetypal projections in running stories My book chapter and joint paper: the Media Trickster and..
- 4. Jung: Trickster, Hermes and technology Post Jungians: Samuels, Hockley, Bassil- Morozow, Tannen et al Media and semiotics: Fiske, Baudrillard, Barthes, Shirky et al Nothing on newspapers (apart from When a Princess Dies)
- 5. Methodology: Textual analysis of selected redtop newspaper s and their stories, questionnaires, interviews, focus groups Three-year schedule Full-time study Chapters: 1. Introduction 2.Literature review, 3. Contextual review of media landscape 4. Textual analysis of case studies and review of interview findings 5. Comparison of Trickster function with journalism function 6. Conclusion
- 6. That an exploration of the Trickster function drawing on Jungian and post- Jungian insights will illuminate and inform the societal and psychological functioning of tabloid journalism I expect this study to identify the tabloids’ meaning-making importance for millions of readers and to explore the implication of their shrinking presence amid the tectonic technological changes sweeping the news publiction industry